Manyok Üretiminde İşgücü Çeşitlendirmesi ve Verimlilik Arasındaki Değiş-Tokuş: Nijerya'daki Küçük Ölçekli Çiftçilerden Elde Edilen Bulgular

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Nijerya'daki küçük ölçekli manyok çiftçilerinin tarım dışı işlere katılımı ile teknik etkinlikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemekte; iş gücü çeşitlendirmesi ile çiftlik içi verimlilik arasındaki değiş-tokuşu ele almaktadır. Yöntem: Birincil veriler, çok aşamalı örnekleme prosedürü ve yapılandırılmış anketler kullanılarak Nijerya'daki 150 küçük ölçekli manyok çiftçisinden veri toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde, teknik etkinliği tahmin etmek için (SFA) analizi ve tarım dışı işlere katılımın belirleyicilerini tanımlamak için lojistik regresyon kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Tarım dışı işlere katılım, manyok üretiminde daha düşük teknik etkinlik ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Tarım dışı işlerde çalışan çiftçiler ortalama %41,28 verimlilik düzeyine ulaşırken, bu oran katılımcı olmayanlarda %51,42 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu durum, tarım dışı iş taahhütlerinin, işletme yönetiminin aksamasına yol açabileceğini göstermektedir. Lojistik regresyon analizi; cinsiyet, ev halkı sayısı, çiftçilik deneyimi ve krediye erişimin tarım dışı işlere katılımı önemli ölçüde etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç: Bulgular, tarım dışı geçim kaynakları ile sürdürülebilir manyok üretkenliğini bağdaştıran kırsal kalkınma politikalarının önemini vurgulamaktadır. İş gücü tasarrufu sağlayan teknolojilerin teşvik edilmesi, tarım krediye erişimin artırılması ve esnek iş gücü sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik politika çabaları; küçük ölçekli çiftçilerin geçim kaynaklarını çeşitlendirirken aynı zamanda verimli manyok üretimi yapabilmelerine olanak tanıma potansiyeli taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Manyok üretimi
• teknik verimlilik
• iş gücü çeşitlendirmesi
• stokastik analiz
• kırsal istihdam

Labour Diversification and Efficiency Trade-offs in Cassava Production: Evidence from Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria

Öz

Aim: This study examines the relationship between off-farm work participation and the technical efficiency of smallholder cassava farmers in Nigeria, addressing the trade-offs between labour diversification and on-farm efficiency. Method: Primary data were collected from 150 smallholder cassava farmers in Nigeria using a multi-stage sampling procedure and structured questionnaires. Data analysis employed stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to estimate technical efficiency and logistic regression to identify determinants of off-farm work participation. Results: Off-farm work participation is associated with lower technical efficiency in cassava production. Farmers engaged in off-farm work achieved an average efficiency of 41.28%, compared to 51.42% among non-participants, suggesting that off-farm labour commitments may hinder timely farm management. Logistic regression analysis revealed that sex, household size, farming experience, and access to credit significantly influence participation in off-farm work. Conclusion: Findings emphasize policy imperatives for rural development that reconcile off-farm livelihood opportunities with sustainable cassava productivity. The need for policy efforts to promote labour-saving technologies, enhance access to rural credit, and develop flexible labour systems holds promise for enabling smallholder farmers to integrate livelihood diversification with efficient cassava production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cassava production
• technical efficiency
• labour diversification
• stochastic frontier
• rural employment

Kaynakça

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