Urban Warfare and Intelligence: An Assessment in the Context of the Iraq War

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 229 - 248, 28.04.2022

Emre Çıtak

https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.708393

Öz

Spatial transformation is one of the most important topics in today's understanding of war. The wars, which are the ancient struggle of humanity, are spreading to different areas from the traditional battlefield, and the urban area has become increasingly popular stage of war. Undoubtedly, it is possible to draw a deep-rooted historical background for urban conflicts; but the process of increasing interstate wars, civil wars and counter-terrorism inside the residential area is more experienced today. In the urban area where special conflict strategies and techniques are required, intelligence activities are handled in a framework beyond their traditional identity. The physical and human characteristics of the residential area and the situation of the other party constitute the target of the intelligence in this field. The Iraq War, which started in 2003, represents one of the most striking examples of new urban conflicts. During the war, the conflicts continued for a long time in residential areas, and the coalition forces had serious problems. Intelligence activities have also created the struggle within the struggle to remove the uncertainty in this field. In this study, primarily urban conflict and the role of intelligence activities in this field will be discussed. Then, the issue will be evaluated through Iraq War example. The study aims to draw a general framework on urban conflicts that have not been adequately studied in the Turkish literature and to reveal the need for intelligence in these conflicts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urbanized Area, War, Conflict, Intelligence, Iraq War

Meskûn Mahal Çatışmaları ve İstihbarat: Irak Savaşı Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Günümüzdeki savaş anlayışı içerisindeki en önemli başlıklardan birini mekânsal dönüşüm oluşturmaktadır. İnsanlığın kadim mücadelesinin çıktısı olan savaşlar, giderek geleneksel savaş sahasından farklı alanlara yayılmaktadır ve meskûn mahal de artan şekilde savaşın popüler sahnesi haline gelmektedir. Şüphesiz meskûn mahal çatışmaları için köklü bir tarihsel arka plan çizmek mümkündür; ama devletler arası savaşın, iç savaşın ve terörizmle mücadelenin yerleşim yerlerine yüksek yoğunlukta sıçraması süreci daha çok günümüzde tecrübe edilmektedir. Özel çatışma stratejilerinin ve tekniklerinin gerekli olduğu meskûn mahalde, istihbarat faaliyetleri de geleneksel kimliğinin ötesinde bir çerçevede ele alınmaktadır. Meskûn mahalin fiziki ve beşeri özellikleri ile karşı tarafın durumu bu alandaki istihbarat faaliyetlerinin hedefini oluşturmaktadır. 2003 yılında başlayan Irak Savaşı, yeni meskûn mahal çatışmalarının en çarpıcı örneklerinden birini ifade etmektedir. Söz konusu savaşta çatışmalar uzun süre yerleşim yerlerinde devam etmiş ve koalisyon güçleri bu mücadeleye uyum sağlayabilmek için ciddi derecede sıkıntılı bir süreç geçirmişlerdir. Savaş sırasındaki istihbarat faaliyetleri de bu sahadaki belirsizliğin kaldırılması için mücadele içindeki mücadeleyi oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmada öncelikle, savaşın meskûn mahal boyutu ve bu kapsamdaki istihbarat faaliyetlerinin rolü ele alınacaktır. Ardından bu konu, Irak Savaşı örneği üzerinden değerlendirilecektir. Çalışma ile Türkçe literatürde yeterince yer bulmamış meskûn mahal çatışmaları üzerine genel bir çerçeve çizilmesi ve bu çatışmalardaki istihbarat gereksiniminin ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Meskun Mahal, Savaş, Çatışma, İstihbarat, Irak Savaşı

Kaynakça

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