ADMİNİSTRATİVE ATTEMPTS OF TURKEY AGAİNST THE TRAFFİCKİNG İN HUMAN BEİNGS: A CHRONOLOGİCAL EVALUATİON
Öz
Turkey’s
administrative steps against human trafficking started after 1997 were
seriously accelerated by Justice and Development Party Government after 2002.
The main reasons of this augmentation are the Government’s legal and
administrative plans in terms of full membership of the European Union and
increasing awareness of international community for the human trafficking
crime. In this regard, Turkey has prepared national action plans and
established task forces. Despite their lack of functionality at the beginning,
these elements has played significant role for designed plans and established
units by Law on Foreigners and International Protection. This study
chronologically analysed the transformed elements of Turkey’s administrative
approach to the problem of trafficking in human beings and these elements
deficiencies. Within this context, this study covered some of the U.S.
Department of States’ annual human trafficking reports and EU’s regular and
progress reports related to Turkey in order to provide multi-dimensional
perspective. In addition, to evaluate the further steps used by different
sources, this sturdy examined some of the practices of European Court of Human
Rights.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Human Trafficking Law on Foreigners and International Protection Department of Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking
Kaynakça
- Angelika Kartusch, Gabriele Reiter and Bärbel Uhl (2006), ‘An analysis of the National Referral Mechanism in Turkey: Activity No. 3.1 of the EU Twinning Project “Strengthening Institutions in the Fight Against Trafficking in Human Beings”’ ( Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights, April 2006).
- European Commission (2003), EU Regular Reports on Turkey’s Progress towards Accession (Sec (2003), 1212)
- European Commission (2014), Turkey 2014 Progress Report (COM(2014)700 final of 8.10.2014 )
- European Commission (2015), Turkey 2015 Report (SWD(2015) 216 final)
- European Commission (2016), Turkey 2016 Report (SWD(2016) 366 final)
- Harrington, C. B. & Carter, L. H. (2009). Administrative law and politics: Cases and comments (4th ed.), Washington, DC: CQ Press.
- Hasanov, Husain (2016) ‘Turkmenistan approves national action plan to combat human trafficking’ Trend News (20 March 2016) < http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.sussex.ac.uk/docview/1774490097?rfr_id=info%3Axri%2Fsid%3Aprimo> accessed 11 October 2016.
- Haynes, Dina Francesca (2004), “Used, Abused, Arrested and Deported: Extending Immigration Benefits to Protect the Victims of Trafficking and to Secure the Prosecution of Traffickers” Human Rights Quarterly, 26(2).
- IOM, ‘National Action Plan on Combating Human Trafficking Launched in Turkmenistan’ < http://www.iomtkm.org/assets/files/2016_03/press-release_NAP%20launch2016.pdf> accessed 11 October 2016
- Kim, Kiyoung (2014), “The Relationship between the Law and Public Policy: Is it a Chi-Square or Normative Shape for the Policy Makers”, Social Sciences, 3(4), 137-143.
- OSCE ODIHR (2004), National Referral Mechanisms Joining Efforts to Protect the Rights of Trafficked Persons A Practical Handbook (OSCE/ODIHR, 2004)
- Sever, Murat; Demir, Oğuzhan Ömer and Kahya, Yavuz, (2012) Turkiyede Insan Ticareti Magduru Tespit Sureclerinin Degerlendirmesi- Evaluation of Trafficked Victims’ Detecting Processes in Turkey (Polis Akademisi Uluslararasi Terorizm ve Sinirasan Suclar Arastirma Merkezi (UTSAM), )
- Turkish MFA, ‘Turkey on Trafficking in Human Beings’ <http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey-on-trafficking-in-human-beings.en.mfa> accessed 01 January 2016
- Turkish National Police (2006), Insan Ticaretiyle Mucadele Rehberi- Directory to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings (Emniyet Genel Mudurlugu,) 17-19
- Turkish National Police, ‘2. Ulusal Eylem Planı 2009 (İnsan Ticareti ile Mücadelede Kurumsal Kapasitenin Geliştirilmesi Projesi)- The National Action Plan for Enhancing Institutional Capacity’ <http://www.egm.gov.tr/Sayfalar/2.-Ulusal-Eylem-Plani.aspx> accessed 11 December 2015
- U.S. Department of State (2003), The 2003 TIP Report (Washington, U.S. Department of State)
- U.S. Department of State (2015), The 2015 TIP Report (Washington, U.S. Department of State)
- U.S. Department of State, ‘3Ps: Prosecution, Protection, and Prevention’ <http://www.state.gov/j/tip/3p/index.htm> accessed 11 October 2016.
- Yıldız, Furkan (2017), “The Dark Side of Syrian Refugee Crisis: Child, Early and Forced Marriage in the Case of Turkey” E-Journal of Law, 3 (1), 39-66
- ‘Bangladesh launches three year national drive to combat human trafficking’ BBC Monitoring South Asia (01 July 2015) < http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.sussex.ac.uk/docview/1692222624?rfr_id=info%3Axri%2Fsid%3Aprimo> accessed 11 October 2016
ADMİNİSTRATİVE ATTEMPTS OF TURKEY AGAİNST THE TRAFFİCKİNG İN HUMAN BEİNGS: A CHRONOLOGİCAL EVALUATİON
Öz
Türkiye’nin
1997’den sonra insan ticaretiyle ilgili olarak atmaya başladığı idari anlamdaki
adımları özellikle 2002’de AK Parti Hükümetinin iktidara gelmesiyle ciddi
manada ivme kazanmıştır. Bu ivmenin temel sebepleri başta hükümetin AB üyeliği
bağlamındaki yasal ve idari dönüşüm planları ve daha sonrada uluslararası
toplumun insan ticareti suçuna karşı geliştirmeye başladığı farkındalıktır. Bu
doğrultuda, Türkiye ulusal eylem planları ve görev güçleri kurmuştur. Her
nekadar başta işlevsellik kazanamasalarda bu kurulan öğeler Yabancılar ve
Uluslararası Koruma Kanunu kapsamında günümüzde insan kaçakçılığına karşı
kurulan ve tasarlanan birimlerin temellerini oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmada,
Türkiye’nin insan kaçakçılığı suçuna karşı atmış olduğu idari adımları
kronolojik olarak değerlendirilip akabinde bu adımların eksikliklerini analiz
edilmiştie. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmaya çok yönlülük katabilmek için Birleşik
Devletlerin yıllık insan kaçakçılığı raporları ve Avrupa Birliği’nin yıllık
ilerleme raporlarından faydalanılmış olunup daha sonra atilan adımları daha
ileriye taşıyan adımları değerlendirmek için Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin
çeşitli kararları incelenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
İnsan Ticareti Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanunu İnsan Ticareti Mağdurlarını Koruma Dairesi Başkanlığı
Kaynakça
- Angelika Kartusch, Gabriele Reiter and Bärbel Uhl (2006), ‘An analysis of the National Referral Mechanism in Turkey: Activity No. 3.1 of the EU Twinning Project “Strengthening Institutions in the Fight Against Trafficking in Human Beings”’ ( Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights, April 2006).
- European Commission (2003), EU Regular Reports on Turkey’s Progress towards Accession (Sec (2003), 1212)
- European Commission (2014), Turkey 2014 Progress Report (COM(2014)700 final of 8.10.2014 )
- European Commission (2015), Turkey 2015 Report (SWD(2015) 216 final)
- European Commission (2016), Turkey 2016 Report (SWD(2016) 366 final)
- Harrington, C. B. & Carter, L. H. (2009). Administrative law and politics: Cases and comments (4th ed.), Washington, DC: CQ Press.
- Hasanov, Husain (2016) ‘Turkmenistan approves national action plan to combat human trafficking’ Trend News (20 March 2016) < http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.sussex.ac.uk/docview/1774490097?rfr_id=info%3Axri%2Fsid%3Aprimo> accessed 11 October 2016.
- Haynes, Dina Francesca (2004), “Used, Abused, Arrested and Deported: Extending Immigration Benefits to Protect the Victims of Trafficking and to Secure the Prosecution of Traffickers” Human Rights Quarterly, 26(2).
- IOM, ‘National Action Plan on Combating Human Trafficking Launched in Turkmenistan’ < http://www.iomtkm.org/assets/files/2016_03/press-release_NAP%20launch2016.pdf> accessed 11 October 2016
- Kim, Kiyoung (2014), “The Relationship between the Law and Public Policy: Is it a Chi-Square or Normative Shape for the Policy Makers”, Social Sciences, 3(4), 137-143.
- OSCE ODIHR (2004), National Referral Mechanisms Joining Efforts to Protect the Rights of Trafficked Persons A Practical Handbook (OSCE/ODIHR, 2004)
- Sever, Murat; Demir, Oğuzhan Ömer and Kahya, Yavuz, (2012) Turkiyede Insan Ticareti Magduru Tespit Sureclerinin Degerlendirmesi- Evaluation of Trafficked Victims’ Detecting Processes in Turkey (Polis Akademisi Uluslararasi Terorizm ve Sinirasan Suclar Arastirma Merkezi (UTSAM), )
- Turkish MFA, ‘Turkey on Trafficking in Human Beings’ <http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey-on-trafficking-in-human-beings.en.mfa> accessed 01 January 2016
- Turkish National Police (2006), Insan Ticaretiyle Mucadele Rehberi- Directory to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings (Emniyet Genel Mudurlugu,) 17-19
- Turkish National Police, ‘2. Ulusal Eylem Planı 2009 (İnsan Ticareti ile Mücadelede Kurumsal Kapasitenin Geliştirilmesi Projesi)- The National Action Plan for Enhancing Institutional Capacity’ <http://www.egm.gov.tr/Sayfalar/2.-Ulusal-Eylem-Plani.aspx> accessed 11 December 2015
- U.S. Department of State (2003), The 2003 TIP Report (Washington, U.S. Department of State)
- U.S. Department of State (2015), The 2015 TIP Report (Washington, U.S. Department of State)
- U.S. Department of State, ‘3Ps: Prosecution, Protection, and Prevention’ <http://www.state.gov/j/tip/3p/index.htm> accessed 11 October 2016.
- Yıldız, Furkan (2017), “The Dark Side of Syrian Refugee Crisis: Child, Early and Forced Marriage in the Case of Turkey” E-Journal of Law, 3 (1), 39-66
- ‘Bangladesh launches three year national drive to combat human trafficking’ BBC Monitoring South Asia (01 July 2015) < http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.sussex.ac.uk/docview/1692222624?rfr_id=info%3Axri%2Fsid%3Aprimo> accessed 11 October 2016
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Sayı |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ocak 2018 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 1 Ağustos 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1 |
