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The Relationship between Mentoring Functions Received and Psychological Empowerment: The Role of Trust and Political Skill

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 47 - 60, 16.04.2017
https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.280042

Öz

There are studies
focusing on mentoring functions received and its motivational outcomes, but
most of these studies fail to show how and when mentoring relates to these
outcomes. In order to fulfill this gap, we investigated the mediating effect of
trust in mentor and the moderating role of political skill of the mentor on the
relationship between mentoring functions received and psychological
empowerment. We collected data from 164 employees who work in public and
private organizations in Kazakhstan, and conducted a moderated mediation
analysis. Based on the findings, protégés feel psychologically empowered as
mentoring functions received instilled trust in mentor. However, it was also
revealed that the relationship between mentoring functions received and
psychological empowerment was stronger only when the mentor was perceived to
have high political skill. Based on these findings, theoretical and practical
implications were discussed.

Kaynakça

  • Young, A.M. & Perrewe, P.L. (2000). What did you expect? An examination of career-related support and social support among mentors and proteges. Journal of Management, 26(4), 611–632. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(00)00049-0
  • Whitener, E.M., Brodt, S.E., Korsgaard, M A. & Werner, J.M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustwothy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 513–530. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1998.926624
  • Wayne, S.J., Liden, R.C., Kraimer, M.L. & Graf, I.K. (1999). The role of human capital, motivation and supervisor sponsorship in predicting career success. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5), 577–595. http://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1379(199909)20:5<577::aid-job958>3.0.co;2-0
  • Wang, S., Tomlinson, E.C. & Noe, R.A. (2010). The role of mentor trust and protégé internal locus of control in formal mentoring relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(2), 358–367. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0017663
  • Thomas, K.W. & Velthouse, B. a. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An “interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–681. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1990.4310926
  • Sun, L.Y., Pan, W. & Chow, I.H.S. (2014). The role of supervisor political skill in mentoring: Dual motivational perspectives. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(2), 213–233. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.186
  • Spreitzer, G.M. (2007). Taking stock: A review of more than twenty years of research on empowerment at work. In C. Cooper & J. Barling (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Organizational Behavior (pp. 54–72). London: SAGE Publications, Inc.
  • Spreitzer, G.M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1465. http://doi.org/10.2307/256865
  • Siemsen, E., Roth, A. & Oliveira, P. (2010). Common method bias in regression models with linear, quadratic, and ınteraction effects. Organizational Research Methods, 13(3), 456–476. http://doi.org/10.1177/1094428109351241
  • Semadar, A., Robins, C. & Ferris, G. R. (2006). Comparing the validity of multiple social effectiveness constructs in the prediction of managerial job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(4), 443–461. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.385
  • Seibert, S.E., Wang, G. & Courtright, S. H. (2011). Antecedents and consequences of psychological and team empowerment in organizations: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(5), 981–1003. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0022676
  • Schoorman, F.D., Mayer, R.C. & Davis, J.H. (2007). An integrative model of organizational trust: Past, present, and future. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 344–354. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2007.24348410
  • Scandura, T.A. & Williams, E.A. (2004). Mentoring and transformational leadership: The role of supervisory career mentoring. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 448–468. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2003.10.003
  • Scandura, T.A., Tejeda, M.J., Werther, W.B. & Lankau, M.J. (1996). Perspectives on mentoring. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 17, 50–56. http://doi.org/10.1108/01437739610117019
  • Scandura, T.A. & Pellegrini, E.K. (2008). Trust and leader--member exchange: A Closer look at relational vulnerability. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(2), 101–110. http://doi.org/10.1177/1548051808320986
  • Scandura, T.A. (1992). Mentorship and career mobility: An empirical investigation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 169–174. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130206
  • Rousseau, D.M., Sitkin, S.B., Burt, R.S. & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393–404. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1998.926617
  • Robbins, T., Crino, M. & Fredendall, L. (2002). An integrative model of the empowerment process. Human Resource Management Review, 12(3), 419–443. http://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00068-2
  • Rhodes, J., Liang, B. & Spencer, R. (2009). First do no harm: Ethical principles for youth mentoring relationships. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(5), 452–458. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0015073
  • Ragins, B.R., Cotton, J.L. & Miller, J.S. (2000). Marginal mentoring: The effects of type of mentor, quality of relationship, and program design on work and career attitudes. Academy of Management Journal, 43(6), 1177–1194. http://doi.org/10.2307/1556344
  • Ragins, B.R. & Cotton, J.L. (1999). Mentor functions and outcomes: A comparison of men and women in formal and informal mentoring relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(4), 529–550. http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.4.529
  • Ragins, B.R. (2011). Relational mentoring. The Oxford handbook of positive organizational scholarship. Oxford University Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734610.013.0039
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Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 47 - 60, 16.04.2017
https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.280042

Öz

Mentorluğun motivasyonel
çıktılarına odaklanan çalışmalar olmakla birlikte bunların birçoğu mentorluğun
nasıl ve ne zaman çıktılarla ilişkili olduğunu göstermemektedir. Bu boşluğu
doldurmak için çalışmamızda, alınan mentorluk fonksiyonları ile psikolojik
güçlendirme arasındaki ilişkide mentora olan güvenin aracılık ve politik
yeteneğin biçimlendiricilik rolünü inceledik. Verileri Kazakistan’ın özel ve
kamu şirketlerinde çalışan 164 kişiden topladık ve koşullu aracılık analizleri
gerçekleştirdik. Bulgularımıza göre, alınan mentorluk fonksiyonları mentora
olan güveni arttırdıkça çıraklar kendilerini psikolojik olarak güçlendirilmiş
hissetmektedir. Bununla birlikte mentora olan güvenin psikolojik güçlendirmeye
olan olumlu etkisinin sadece politik yeteneği yüksek algılanan mentorlar için
geçerli olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu bulgulara uygun olarak teorik ve pratik
uygulamalar tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Young, A.M. & Perrewe, P.L. (2000). What did you expect? An examination of career-related support and social support among mentors and proteges. Journal of Management, 26(4), 611–632. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(00)00049-0
  • Whitener, E.M., Brodt, S.E., Korsgaard, M A. & Werner, J.M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustwothy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 513–530. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1998.926624
  • Wayne, S.J., Liden, R.C., Kraimer, M.L. & Graf, I.K. (1999). The role of human capital, motivation and supervisor sponsorship in predicting career success. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5), 577–595. http://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1379(199909)20:5<577::aid-job958>3.0.co;2-0
  • Wang, S., Tomlinson, E.C. & Noe, R.A. (2010). The role of mentor trust and protégé internal locus of control in formal mentoring relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(2), 358–367. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0017663
  • Thomas, K.W. & Velthouse, B. a. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An “interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–681. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1990.4310926
  • Sun, L.Y., Pan, W. & Chow, I.H.S. (2014). The role of supervisor political skill in mentoring: Dual motivational perspectives. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(2), 213–233. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.186
  • Spreitzer, G.M. (2007). Taking stock: A review of more than twenty years of research on empowerment at work. In C. Cooper & J. Barling (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Organizational Behavior (pp. 54–72). London: SAGE Publications, Inc.
  • Spreitzer, G.M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1465. http://doi.org/10.2307/256865
  • Siemsen, E., Roth, A. & Oliveira, P. (2010). Common method bias in regression models with linear, quadratic, and ınteraction effects. Organizational Research Methods, 13(3), 456–476. http://doi.org/10.1177/1094428109351241
  • Semadar, A., Robins, C. & Ferris, G. R. (2006). Comparing the validity of multiple social effectiveness constructs in the prediction of managerial job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(4), 443–461. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.385
  • Seibert, S.E., Wang, G. & Courtright, S. H. (2011). Antecedents and consequences of psychological and team empowerment in organizations: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(5), 981–1003. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0022676
  • Schoorman, F.D., Mayer, R.C. & Davis, J.H. (2007). An integrative model of organizational trust: Past, present, and future. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 344–354. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2007.24348410
  • Scandura, T.A. & Williams, E.A. (2004). Mentoring and transformational leadership: The role of supervisory career mentoring. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 448–468. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2003.10.003
  • Scandura, T.A., Tejeda, M.J., Werther, W.B. & Lankau, M.J. (1996). Perspectives on mentoring. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 17, 50–56. http://doi.org/10.1108/01437739610117019
  • Scandura, T.A. & Pellegrini, E.K. (2008). Trust and leader--member exchange: A Closer look at relational vulnerability. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(2), 101–110. http://doi.org/10.1177/1548051808320986
  • Scandura, T.A. (1992). Mentorship and career mobility: An empirical investigation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 169–174. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130206
  • Rousseau, D.M., Sitkin, S.B., Burt, R.S. & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393–404. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1998.926617
  • Robbins, T., Crino, M. & Fredendall, L. (2002). An integrative model of the empowerment process. Human Resource Management Review, 12(3), 419–443. http://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00068-2
  • Rhodes, J., Liang, B. & Spencer, R. (2009). First do no harm: Ethical principles for youth mentoring relationships. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(5), 452–458. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0015073
  • Ragins, B.R., Cotton, J.L. & Miller, J.S. (2000). Marginal mentoring: The effects of type of mentor, quality of relationship, and program design on work and career attitudes. Academy of Management Journal, 43(6), 1177–1194. http://doi.org/10.2307/1556344
  • Ragins, B.R. & Cotton, J.L. (1999). Mentor functions and outcomes: A comparison of men and women in formal and informal mentoring relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(4), 529–550. http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.4.529
  • Ragins, B.R. (2011). Relational mentoring. The Oxford handbook of positive organizational scholarship. Oxford University Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734610.013.0039
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  • Podsakoff, P.M. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531–544. http://doi.org/10.1177/014920638601200408
  • Pfeffer, J. (1981). Power in organizations. New York: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
  • Pan, W., Sun, L.Y. & Chow, I.H.S. (2011). The impact of supervisory mentoring on personal learning and career outcomes: The dual moderating effect of self-efficacy. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 78(2), 264–273. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.05.001
  • Orpen, C. (1997). The effects of formal mentoring on employee work motivation, organizational commitment and job performance. The Learning Organization, 4(2), 53–60. http://doi.org/10.1108/09696479710160906
  • Nunnally, J.C. (1978). Psychometric theory. USA: McGraw-Hill.
  • Noe, R.A. (1988). An investigation of the Determinants of Successful Assigned Mentoring Relationships. Personnel Psychology, 41(3), 457–479. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00638.x
  • Munyon, T.P., Summers, J.K., Thompson, K.M. & Ferris, G.R. (2015). Political skill and work outcomes: A theoretical extension, meta-analytic ınvestigation, and agenda for the future. Personnel Psychology, 68(1), 143–184. http://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12066
  • McAllister, D.J. (1995). Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal coopertion in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24–59. http://doi.org/10.2307/256727
  • Mayer, R.C. & Gavin, M.B. (2005). Trust in management and performance: Who minds the shop while the employees watch the boss? Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 874–888. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2005.18803928
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  • Kramer, R.M. (1999). Trust and distrust in organizations: Emerging perspectives, enduring questions. Annual Review of Psychology, 50(1), 569–598. http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.569
  • Kram, K.E. & Ragins, B.R. (2008). The landscape of mentoring in the 21st century. (B. R. Ragins & K. E. Kram, Eds.)The Handbook of Mentoring at Work: Theory, Research, and Practice. California: SAGE Publications, Inc. http://doi.org/10.4135/9781412976619
  • Kram, K.E. (1983). Phases of the mentor relationship. Academy of Management Journal, 26(4), 608–625. http://doi.org/10.2307/255910
  • Koberg, C.S., Boss, R.W., Senjem, J.C. & Goodman, E.A. (1999). Antecedents and outcomes of empowerment: Empirical evidence from the health care ındustry. Group & Organization Management, 24(1), 71–91. http://doi.org/10.1177/1059601199241005
  • Kanfer, R., Chen, G. & Pritchard, R. (2008). The three C’s of work motivation: Content, context, and change. In R. Kanfer, G. Chen & R. Pritchard (Eds.), Work motivation: Past, present, and future (pp. 1–17). New York: Routledge.
  • Kammeyer-Mueller, J.D. & Judge, T.A. (2008). A quantitative review of mentoring research: Test of a model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72(3), 269–283. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.09.006
  • Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. http://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Higgins, M.C. & Kram, K.E. (2001). Reconceptualizing mentoring at work: A developmental network perspective. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 264–288. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2001.4378023
  • Hezlett, S.A. & Gibson, S.K. (2007). Linking mentoring and social capital: Implications for career and organization development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 9(3), 384–411. http://doi.org/10.1177/1523422307304102
  • Harris, K.J., Kacmar, K.M., Zivnuska, S. & Shaw, J.D. (2007). The impact of political skill on impression management effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 278–285. http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.278
  • Hall, R.J., Snell, A.F. & Foust, M.S. (1999). Item parceling strategies in SEM: Investigating the subtle effects of unmodeled secondary constructs. Organizational Research Methods, 2(3), 233–256. http://doi.org/10.1177/109442819923002
  • Hall, M. & Smith, D. (2009). Mentoring and turnover intentions in public accounting firms: A research note. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 34(6–7), 695–704. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2008.11.003
  • Haggard, D.L., Dougherty, T.W., Turban, D.B. & Wilbanks, J.E. (2011). Who is a mentor? A review of evolving definitions and implications for research. Journal of Management, 37(1), 280–304. http://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310386227
  • Gomez, C. & Rosen, B. (2001). The leader-member exchange as a link between managerial trust and employee empowerment. Group & Organization Management, 26(1), 53–69. http://doi.org/10.1177/1059601101261004
  • Fleig-Palmer, M.M. & Schoorman, F.D. (2011). Trust as a moderator of the relationship between mentoring and knowledge transfer. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 18(3), 334–343. http://doi.org/10.1177/1548051811408615
  • Ferris, G.R., Treadway, D.C., Perrewé, P.L., Brouer, R.L., Douglas, C. & Lux, S. (2007). Political skill in organizations. Journal of Management, 33(3), 290–320. http://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307300813
  • Ferris, G.R., Treadway, D.C., Kolodinsky, R.W., Hochwarter, W.A., Kacmar, C.J., Douglas, C. & Frink, D.D. (2005). Development and validation of the political skill inventory. Journal of Management, 31(1), 126–152. http://doi.org/10.1177/0149206304271386
  • Ferris, G.R., Blickle, G., Schneider, P.B., Kramer, J., Zettler, I., Solga, J. & Meurs, J.A. (2008). Political skill construct and criterion‐related validation: A two‐study investigation. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(7), 744–771. http://doi.org/10.1108/02683940810896321
  • Fagenson, E.A. (1988). The power of a mentor: proteges’ and nonproteges’ perceptions of their own power in organizations. Group & Organization Management, 13(2), 182–194. http://doi.org/10.1177/105960118801300205
  • Ergeneli, A., Arı, G.S. & Metin, S. (2007). Psychological empowerment and its relationship to trust in immediate managers. Journal of Business Research, 60(1), 41–49. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.09.012
  • Erdem, F. & Aytemur, J.Ö. (2008). Mentoring—A relationship based on trust: Qualitative research. Public Personnel Management, 37(1), 55–65. http://doi.org/10.1177/009102600803700104
  • Efron, B. & Tibshirani, R.J. (1994). An introduction to the bootstrap. CRC Press.
  • Edwards, J.R. & Lambert, L.S. (2007). Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12(1), 1–22. http://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.1
  • Eby, L.T., Allen, T.D., Hoffman, B.J., Baranik, L.E., Sauer, J.B., Baldwin, S. & Evans, S. C. (2013). An interdisciplinary meta-analysis of the potential antecedents, correlates, and consequences of protégé perceptions of mentoring. Psychological Bulletin, 139(2), 441–476. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0029279
  • Eby, L.T., Allen, T.D., Evans, S.C., Ng, T. & DuBois, D.L. (2008). Does mentoring matter? A multidisciplinary meta-analysis comparing mentored and non-mentored individuals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72(2), 254–267. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.04.005
  • Dirks, K.T. & Ferrin, D.L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 611–628. http://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.4.611
  • Dickson, J., Kirkpatrick-Husk, K., Kendall, D., Longabaugh, J., Patel, A. & Scielzo, S. (2014). Untangling protege self-reports of mentoring functions: Further meta-analytic understanding. Journal of Career Development, 41(4), 263–281. http://doi.org/10.1177/0894845313498302
  • Day, R. & Allen, T.D. (2004). The relationship between career motivation and self-efficacy with protégé career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64(1), 72–91. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(03)00036-8
  • Cropanzano, R. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. http://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
  • Conger, J.A. & Kanungo, R.N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1988.4306983
  • Colquitt, J.A., Scott, B.A. & LePine, J.A. (2007). Trust, trustworthiness, and trust propensity: A meta-analytic test of their unique relationships with risk taking and job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), 909–927. http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.4.909
  • Colquitt, J.A., LePine, J.A., Piccolo, R.F., Zapata, C.P. & Rich, B.L. (2012). Explaining the justice–performance relationship: Trust as exchange deepener or trust as uncertainty reducer? Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(1), 1–15. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0025208
  • Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S.G. & Aiken, L. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Chun, J.U.U., Litzky, B.E.E., Sosik, J.J.J., Bechtold, D.C.C., Godshalk, V.M.M., Jae Uk Chun & Godshalk, V. M. M. (2010). Emotional intelligence and trust in formal mentoring programs. Group & Organization Management, 35(4), 421–455. http://doi.org/10.1177/1059601110378293
  • Chua, R.Y.J., Ingram, P. & Morris, M.W. (2008). From the head and the heart: Locating Cognition- and affect-based trust in managers’ professional networks. Academy of Management Journal, 51(3), 436–452. http://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2008.32625956
  • Castro, S.L., Scandura, T.A. & Williams, E.A. (2004). Validity of Scandura and Ragins’(1993) multidimensional mentoring measure: An evaluation and refinement. Management Faculty Articles and Papers, 1–39.
  • Brown, T.A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Press.
  • Brouer, R.L., Harris, K.J. & Kacmar, K.M. (2011). The moderating effects of political skill on the perceived politics-outcome relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(6), 869–885. http://doi.org/10.1002/job.718
  • Brouer, R.L., Duke, A., Treadway, D.C. & Ferris, G.R. (2009). The moderating effect of political skill on the demographic dissimilarity — Leader–member exchange quality relationship. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(2), 61–69. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.01.015
  • Brislin, R.W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216. http://doi.org/10.1177/135910457000100301
  • Bearman, S., Blake-Beard, S. & Hunt, L. (2007). Future mentoring research: Cutting across mentoring themes and contexts. In T.D. Allen & L.T. Eby (Eds.), The Blackwell Handbook of Mentoring: A Multiple Perspectives Approach (pp. 375–397). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Barton, H. & Barton, L.C. (2011). Trust and psychological empowerment in the Russian work context. Human Resource Management Review, 21(3), 201–208. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2011.02.001
  • Allen, T.D., Smith, M.A., Mael, F.A., Gavan O’Shea, P. & Eby, L.T. (2009). Organization-level mentoring and organizational performance within substance abuse centers. Journal of Management, 35(5), 1113–1128. http://doi.org/10.1177/0149206308329969
  • Allen, T.D., Eby, L.T., Poteet, M.L., Lentz, E. & Lima, L. (2004). Career benefits associated with mentoring for proteges: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(1), 127–136. http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.1.127
Toplam 80 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Elmira Kabdulova Bu kişi benim

Engin Bağış Öztürk

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Nisan 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Aralık 2016
Kabul Tarihi 14 Mart 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kabdulova, E., & Öztürk, E. B. (2017). Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü. İş Ve İnsan Dergisi, 4(1), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.280042
AMA Kabdulova E, Öztürk EB. Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü. İİD. Nisan 2017;4(1):47-60. doi:10.18394/iid.280042
Chicago Kabdulova, Elmira, ve Engin Bağış Öztürk. “Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları Ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven Ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü”. İş Ve İnsan Dergisi 4, sy. 1 (Nisan 2017): 47-60. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.280042.
EndNote Kabdulova E, Öztürk EB (01 Nisan 2017) Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü. İş ve İnsan Dergisi 4 1 47–60.
IEEE E. Kabdulova ve E. B. Öztürk, “Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü”, İİD, c. 4, sy. 1, ss. 47–60, 2017, doi: 10.18394/iid.280042.
ISNAD Kabdulova, Elmira - Öztürk, Engin Bağış. “Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları Ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven Ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü”. İş ve İnsan Dergisi 4/1 (Nisan 2017), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.280042.
JAMA Kabdulova E, Öztürk EB. Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü. İİD. 2017;4:47–60.
MLA Kabdulova, Elmira ve Engin Bağış Öztürk. “Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları Ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven Ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü”. İş Ve İnsan Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 1, 2017, ss. 47-60, doi:10.18394/iid.280042.
Vancouver Kabdulova E, Öztürk EB. Alınan Mentorluk Fonksiyonları ile Psikolojik Güçlendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Güven ve Politik Yeteneğin Gücü. İİD. 2017;4(1):47-60.

 

 

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