KOMPOZİT CYSZ KAPLAMANIN DEĞİŞEN YÜKLER ALTINDA AŞINMA DAVRANIŞININ İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, CeO2-Y2O3 stabilize ZrO2 (CYSZ) seramik kaplamalar, Al2O3 ve TiO2 eklenmiş olarak, plazma püskürtme yöntemi ile bağ katmanlı AISI304 paslanmak çelik altlıklar üzerine biriktirilmiştir. Al2O3 ve TiO2 ilavesinin CYSZ kaplamanın aşınma davranışına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Aşınma testi öncesinde kaplamaların ortalama yüzey pürüzlülüğünün 0.2 µm'den az olmasını sağlamak amacıyla zımparalama ve parlatma işlemleri yapılmıştır. ASTM G99-04'e göre aşınma testi, pin-on-disk cihazında 30 mm s-1 hızında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Test, minimum 8000 döngü ile kuru bir durumda yapılmıştır. Aşınma testinde 4N ve 8N değişken yükler ve 6 mm çaplı Al2O3 bilyalar kullanılmıştır. Kaplamaların yüzey özellikleri ve aşınma özellikleri, kaplama ve aşınma testleri yapıldıktan sonra taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve enerji dağılımlı X-ışını spektroskopisi (EDS) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Numunelerin aşınma oranı mekanik profilometri kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Malzemelerin mikro sertliğini değerlendirmek için mikro Vickers test ekipmanı kullanılmıştır. CYSZ içerisine ilave edilen bileşikler sertlik değerinin artmasına neden olmuştur. Al2O3 'ün seryum-itriya stabilize zirkonyaya (CYSZ) dahil edilmesinin aşınma direncinde bir artışa yol açtığını, ancak TiO2'nin dahil edilmesinin aşınma direncinde dikkate değer değişime neden olmadığı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CYSZ
• Kompozit Kaplama
• Aşınma
• Yükün Etkisi.

INVESTIGATION OF WEAR BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE CYSZ COATING UNDER DIFFERENT LOADS

Öz

In this study, CeO2-Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (CYSZ) ceramic coatings, with Al2O3 and TiO2 added, were deposited on bond layer coated AISI304 stainless steel substrates by plasma spraying method. The effect of Al2O3 and TiO2 additions on the wear behavior of CYSZ coating was investigated. An investigation was conducted to examine the impact of incorporating aluminum oxides (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide into YSZ coating on its wear characteristics. Prior to conducting the wear test, the coatings underwent sanding and polishing procedures to verify that the average surface roughness was below 0.2 µm. A pin-on-disk device was subjected to wear testing in accordance with ASTM G99-04, with a rotational speed of 30 mms-1. The testing was conducted under dry conditions, with a minimum of 8000 cycles. The wear test utilised varied loads of 4N and 8N, with 6 mm diameter Al2O3 balls. After conducting the coating and wear tests, the surface properties and wear characteristics of the coatings were examined using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The wear rate of the samples was assessed using mechanical profilometry. The microhardness of the materials was assessed using Micro Vickers testing equipment. The compounds added into CYSZ caused an increase in the hardness value. The results demonstrated that the addition of Al2O3 to cerium-yttria stabilized zirconia (CYSZ) resulted in enhanced wear resistance, while the addition of TiO2 significantly reduced wear resistance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CYSZ
• Composite Coating
• Wear
• Applying Load

Kaynakça

1. 1. Zhicheng, L., Jiangzheng, S., Chuang, H., Fan, W., Dejun, K., “Effect of laser power on microstructure and tribological performance of WC−10Co4Cr coating”, International Journal Applied Ceramic Technology, Vol. 20, Issue 5, Pages 2847–2859, 2023.
2. 2. Zhu, L., Pengsheng X., Qing, L., Guiru, M., Yuan, R., Zhichao, Y., Peihua, X., Zhe, L., “Recent research and development status of laser cladding: A review” Optics & Laser Technology, Vol. 138, Pages 106915, 2021.
3. 3. Yuan, J., Zhan, Q., Huang, J., Ding, S., Li, H., “Decarburization mechanisms of WC-Co during thermal spraying: Insights from controlled carbon loss and microstructure characterization”, Materials Chemical Physis, Vol. 142, Issue 1, Pages 165–171, 2013.
4. 4. Qi, W., Ding, D., Luo, W., Jin, W., Kou, Q., Ge, C., Xiao, S., “Production of al–mn/wc composite coatings with electrodeposition in AlCl3–NaCl–KCl–MnCl2 molten salts”, Coatings, Vol. 13, Issue 7, Pages 1246, 2023.
5. 5. Pulsford, J., Venturi, F., Kamnis, S., and Hussain, T.,“Sliding wear behaviour of WC-Co reinforced NiCrFeSiB HVOAF thermal spray coatings against WC-Co and Al2O3 counterbodies”, Surfaces and Coatings Technology, Vol. 386, Pages 125468, 2020.
6. 6. Bang, J., Lee, E., “Enhancing wear resistance of A390 aluminum alloy: A comprehensive evaluation of thermal sprayed WC, CrC, and Al2O3 coatings”, Coatings, Vol. 14, Issue 7, Pages 853, 2024.
7. 7. Gaur, U.P., Kamari, E., “Applications of thermal spray coatings: A review”, Journal of Thermal Spray and Engineering, Vol. 4, Pages 106–114, 2024.
8. 8. Hardwicke, C. U., Lau, Y. C., “Advances in thermal spray coatings for gas turbines and energy generation: A review” Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, Vol. 22, Pages 564-576, 2013.

9. 9. Guo, L., H., Wenting, C., Wenbo, Zhaolu, Jian, X., Yiqian, H., Yang Wu, G., Lihua, G., Dongqing, L., Zhao, Z., Liangliang, W., Yuyi, G., Tiehao, Z. Qianhui, Q., Hongbo G., “Progress on high-temperature protective coatings for aero-engines”, Surface Science and Technology, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023.
10. 10. Guo, L., Zhang, X., Liu, M., Yang, S., Dai, J. W., “CMAS + sea salt corrosion to thermal barrier coatings”, Corrosion Science, Vol. 218, Pages 111172, 2023. 11. Bogdan, M., Peter, I., “A comprehensive understanding of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs): applications, materials, coating design and failure mechanisms”, Metals, Vol. 28, Pages 101728, 2024.
11. 12. Konter, M., Bossmann, H. P., “Materials and coatings developments for gas turbine systems and components”, Modern Gas Turbine Systems: High Efficiency, Low Emission, Fuel Flexible Power Generation, Peter Jansohn editor,High Efficiency, Low Emission, Fuel Flexible Power Generation, Pages 327–380, Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy, 2013.
12. 13. Roche, J., Alvarado-Orozco, J.M., Gómez, P.A., Cano, I. G., Dosta, S., Toro,A., “Hot corrosion behavior of dense CYSZ/YSZ bilayer coatings deposited by atmospheric plasma spray in Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salts”, Surfaces and Coating Technology, Vol. 432, Pages 128066, 2022.
13. 14. Avci, A., Eker, A.A, Eker, B., “Microstructure and oxidation behavior of atmospheric plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings”, In xergetic, Energetic and Environmental Dimensions, Ibrahim Dincer, C. Ozgur Colpan, Onder Kizilkan editors, Pages 793-814, Elsevier, 2018.
14. 15. Wei, Z. Y., Cai, H. N., Meng, G. H., Tahir, A., Zhang, W., “An innovative model coupling TGO growth and crack propagation for the failure assessment of lamellar structured thermal barrier coatings”, Ceramic International, Vol. 46, Issue 2, Pages 1532–1544, 2020.
15. 16. Jun, B., Jonsson, N., Jordan, E. H., Cooper, R. C., “CMAS deposition rate and sequence effects on cyclic life in gradient testing”, SN Applied Science, Vol. 5, Issue 5, Pages 138, 2023.
16. 17. Özçelik, A., Akdoğan Eker, A., Karabaş, M., Avcı, A., Küçükyıldırım, B. O. “Enhanced CMAS and hot corrosion degradation of YSZ thermal barrier coating with nano powders”, Surfaces and Coatings Technology, Vol. 481, Pages 130624, 2024.
17. 18. Li, B., Wu, J., He, X., Wang, B., Guo, L., “Sc-doped Gd2Zr2O7 coating on YSZ thermal barrier coatings to resist CMAS + molten salt attack”, Ceramic International, Vol. 48, Issue 8, Pages 11662–11671, 2022.
18. 19. Akin, I., Yilmaz, E., Sahin, F., Yucel, O., Goller, G., “Effect of CeO2 addition on densification and microstructure of Al2O3-YSZ composites”, Ceram International, Vol. 37, Issue 8, Pages 3273–3280, 2011.
19. 20. Rejab, N. A., Azhar, A. Z. A., Ratnam, M. M., Ahmad, Z. A., “The effects of CeO2 addition on the physical, microstructural and mechanical properties of yttria stabilized zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA)”, International Journal Refractors Metals Hard Materials, Vol. 36, Pages 162–166, 2013.
20. 21. Roche, J., Gómez, P. A., Alvarado-Orozco, J. M., Toro, A., “Hot corrosion and thermal shock resistance of Dense-CYSZ/YSZ bilayer thermal barrier coatings systems applied onto Ni-base superalloy”, Journal Eurepan Ceramic Soceity, Vol. 40, Issue 15, Pages 5692–5703, 2020.
21. 22. Ali, M. K. A., Xianjun, H., “Exploring the lubrication mechanism of CeO2 nanoparticles dispersed in engine oil by bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate as a novel antiwear additive”, Tribology International, Vol. 165, Pages 107321, 2022.
22. 23. Pimenov, D. Y., Silva, L. R. R. Ercetin, A., Mikolajczyk, O.T., Giasin, K., “State-of-the-art review of applications of image processing techniques for tool condition monitoring on conventional machining processes”, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol.130, Pages 57-85, 2024.
23. 24. Li, B., “Study on Porosity of thermal-sprayed commercially pure aluminum coating”, Materials, Vol. 16, Issue, 2023.
24. 25. Bal, E., Karabaş, M., “Effect of molten glass on degradation of stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coatings”, Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, Vol. 60, Issue 2, Pages 331–343, 2023.
25. 26. Shin, D., and Hamed, A., “Influence of micro–structure on erosion resistance of plasma sprayed 7YSZ thermal barrier coating under gas turbine operating conditions”, Wear, Vol. 396–397, Pages 34–47, 2018.
26. 27. Chen, K., Song, P., Hua, C., Z., Ying, Huang T., Li, C., Lu, J., “Effect of YSZ-dopant on microstructure and hardness property of the Al2O3–40%TiO2 plasma sprayed coating”, Material Research Express, Vol. 5, Issue 8, Pages 086504, 2018.
27. 28. Saral, U., Toplan, N., “Thermal cycle properties of plasma sprayed YSZ/Al2O3 thermal barrier coatings”, Surface Engineering, Vol. 25, Issue 7, Pages 541–547, 2009. 29. Srikanth, A., Bolleddu, V., “Microstructural, mechanical and tribological characteristics of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) reinforced nanostructured Al2O3-13wt. %TiO2 coatings”, Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 2024.
28. 30. Mehar, S., Sapate, S.G., “Contact severity maps for plasma sprayed YSZ modified Al2O3-3% TiO2 coatings”, Ceramic International, Vol. 50, Issue 8, Pages 13003–13013, 2024.
29. 31. Franco, D., Vargas, F., López, E., and Ageorges, H., “Wear behavior at high temperature of ZrO2–Y2O3 (YSZ) plasma-sprayed coatings”, Journal of Material Science, Vol. 59, Issue 1, Pages 20–37, 2024.
30. 32. Bai,L., Zhang, H., Wan, S., Yi, G., Sun, H., “Tailoring wear and tribo-induced interaction of YSZ coating sliding against Si3N4 and Al2O3 counterparts”, Wear, Vol. 518–519, Pages 204628, 2023.
31. 33. Avcı, A., Karabaş, M., Akdoğan Eker, A., Akman, E., Aslan, C., “Hot corrosion and CMAS degradation of laser-glazed YSZ coating with optimum parameter”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, Vol. 237, Issue 11, Pages 2722-2734, 2023.
32. 34. Avcı, A., “Termal bariyer kaplamaların oksidasyon ve sıcaklık korozyonu davranışlarının incelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi İstanbul, 2015.
33. 35. Zhang J., “Effect of WC-12Co content on wear and electrochemical corrosion properties of Ni-Cu/WC-12Co composite coatings deposited by laser cladding”, Surfaces and Coatings Technololgy, Vol. 393, Pages 125807, 2020.
34. 36. Gültekin, D., Duru, E., Akbulut, H., “Effect of heat treatment and applied load on mechanical and tribological properties of Ni-B-CeO2 composite electroless coating”, European Journal of Science and Technology, Issue 34, Pages 573-578, 2022.
35. 37. Zhao, Y., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Xiaofeng L., Guo, Z., Zhang, J., Yi, D., Liu, B., Bai, P., “Study on the microstructure and properties of WC-12Co cemented carbide fabricated by selective laser melting”, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol. 20, Pages 3512–3521, 2022.
36. 38. Ji, W., Yuan, Y., Zou, B., Dai, S., and Zhang, H. “Friction and wear behaviour of cemented carbide tool materials sliding against Al2O3 and Si3N4 ceramics under dry condition”, Ceramic International, Vol. 44, Issue 14, Pages 17486–17491, 2018.