3B KARBON ELEKTRONİK CİHAZ MÜHENDİSLİĞİ: DİJİTAL ENDÜSTRİDE RÖNESANS

Öz

Endüstri 4.0 kavramının imalata getirdiği yenileşme hareketi gibi, üç boyutlu karbon elektronik cihaz mühendisliğide mühendislik bilimlerinde bir rönesans gibi görülebilir.  Üç boyutlu baskı ilk zamanlarda sadece imalat öncesi tasarıma yardımcı olarak prototip hazırlama aşamasında kullanılmaktaydı. Günümüzde özellikleri geliştirilen üç boyutlu baskı ile eklemeli imalat sistemleri sayesinde kavramsal dijital modeller kısa sürelerde kullanıma hazır cihazlara dönüştürülebilmektedir. Halen net şekillere yüksek tamlıkta ulaşmada iyileştirilmesi gereken yönleri olsada, düşük üretim hacimleri için önemli bir imalat seçeneği olmuştur. Bu makalede mevcut elektronik cihaz mühendisliğinde imalatın genel bir değerlendirmesi yapılmış dijital çağda üç boyutlu baskı yönteminin geleceğin imalat sistemleri içerisindeki konumu bildirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dijital endüstri,karbon elektronik cihaz mühendisliği,3B baskı ile imalat,dijital endüstri

3D CARBON ELECTRONIC DEVICE ENGINEERING:RENAISSANCE OF THE DIGITAL INDUSTRY

Öz

3D carbon electronic device engineering can be considered as a Renaissance in Engineering Sciences similarly the regeneration movement which was brought by Industry 4.0 concept to the manufacturing. In its early times 3D manufacturing has been used only for the prototype preperation stage to support product design. Today conceptual digital models can be turned to ready-to-use devices in short times thanks to the additive manufacturing systems with the improved properties of 3D print. 3D print is an important manufacturing option, although it has some factors which need to be improved to achieve higher accuracy of net shapes. In this manuscript, manufacturing of current electronic device engineering was evaluated and the place of 3D print in the future manufacturing methods was reported in this digital age. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• digital industry,carbon electronic device engineering,manufacturing with 3D print,digital industry

Kaynakça

1. 1. Dornfeld D., Lee D.E., "Precision Manufacturing", Springer Verlag, 2008.
2. 2. De Volder M.F.L., Tawfick S.H., Baughman R.H., Hart A.J., "Carbon Nanotubes: Present and Future Commercial Applications", Science, 339 (6119), Pages 535-539, 2013. DOI: 10.1126/science.1222453
3. 3. Lopes A.J., MacDonald E., Wicker R.B., "Integrating stereolithography and direct print technologies for 3D structural electronics fabrication", Rapid Prototyping Journal, 18 (2), Pages 129-143, 2012.
4. 4. Çelen S., Dijital Endüstri Mimarisinin Siyah Tuğlaları: 3 Boyutlu Karbon Elektronik Cihazlar, 3rd International Congress on 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing) Technologies and Digital Industry 2018, 19-21 April 2018, Antalya, Turkey, Sayfa 514-521, 2018.
5. 5. Baudish P., Mueller S., Personal Fabrication, Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction, 10 (3–4); Pages 165–293, 2016.
6. 6. Umetani N., Koyama Y., Schmidt R., Igarashi T., Pteromys: Interactive design and optimization of free-formed free-flight model airplanes. ACM Transaction on Graphics Article, 33,(4), 65, 2014.
7. 7. Shneiderman B., Direct manipulation: A step beyond programming languages, Computer, 16,(8), Pages 57–69, 1983.
8. 8. Willis K. D. D., Xu C., Wu J. K., Levin G., Gross M. D., Interactive fabrication: New interfaces for digital fabrication. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (TEI ’11), Pages 69–72, 2011.

9. 9. Osborne 1, Portable Microcomputer, 1981. http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/504/osborne-1/
10. 10. Schael T., Workflow Management Systems for Process Organisations, Springer, 208, 2013.
11. 11. Weiser M.The computer for the 21st century. In Mobile Computing and Communications Review -Special issue dedicated to Mark Weiser (SIGMOBILE), 3, (3), Pages 3–11, 1999.
12. 12. Deek F.P., McHugh J. A. M., Open Source: Technology and Policy, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
13. 13. Snavely N., Seitz S. M., Szeliski R., Photo tourism: Exploring photo collections in 3D. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 25,(3), Pages 835–846, 2006.
14. 14. Lafreniere B., Grossman T., Anderson F., Matejka J., Kerrick H., Nagy D., Vasey L., Atherton E., Beirne N., Coelho M. H., Cote N., Li S., Nogueira A., Nguyen L., Schwinn T., Stoddart J., Thomasson D., Wang R., White T., Benjamin D., Conti M., Menges A., Fitzmaurice G., Crowdsourced fabrication, In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST ’16), Pages 15–28, 2016.
15. 15. SGL Group, https://www.sglgroup.com/cms/_common/downloads/innovation/future-carbon-technologies/CARBOPRINT_additiv_manufacturing_with_carbons_e.pdf, 2019.
16. 16. Leigh S.J., Bradley R.J., Purssell C.P., Billson D.R., Hutchins D.A., A Simple, Low-Cost Conductive Composite Material for 3D Printing of Electronic Sensors., PLoS ONE, 7,(11), e49365, 2012. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049365
17. 17. Sumita M., Sakata K., Asai S., Miyasaka K., Nakagawa H., Dispersion of fillers and the electrical conductivity of polymer blends filled with carbon black, Polym Bull, 25, Pages 265–271, 1991.
18. 18. Leigh S.J., Polymer Composites for 3D Printing of Functional Sensors and Transducers, IEEE, 2016.
19. 19. Klomp S., Printing Conductive and Non-Conductive Materials Simultaneously on Low-End 3D Printers, Master's dissertation, Universiteit Gent, 2015.
20. 20. Klomp S., Vandevelde C., Saldien J., Printing Conductive and Non-Conductive Material Simultaneously on Low-end 3D Printers, 2015.
21. 21. Molitch-Hou M., Voxel8: 1st Electronics 3D Printer - 3D Printing Industry, 2015. https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/voxel8-unleashes-electronics-3d-printer-ces-world-39060/
22. 22. Voxel8 Unveils New Electronics 3D Printer At 2015 CES-3DPrint.com, http://3dprint.com/35085/voxel8-electronics-3d-printer/.
23. 23. Castillo S., Muse D., Medina F., Macdonald E., Wicker R., Electronics Integration in Conformal Substrates Fabricated with Additive Layered Manufacturing, 730–737, 2009.
24. 24. Frauenfelder M., Make: Ultimate Guide to 3D Printing 2014, Make: Magazine, 2012.
25. 25. Kwok S.W., Goh K.H.H., Tan Z.D., Tan S.T.M., Tjiu W. W., Soh J.Y., Glenn Ng Z. J., Chan Y. Z., Hui H.K., Goh K.E.J., Electrically conductive filament for 3D-printed circuits and sensors, Applied Materials Today, 9, Pages 167–175, 2017.
26. 26. Erik's Bowden Extruder; http://reprap.org/wiki/Erik's_Bowden_Extruder, 2019.
27. 27. Esun, www.esunchina.net, 2019.
28. 28. Proto-Pasta, www.proto-pasta.com, 2019.
29. 29. Makergeeks, www.makergeeks.com, 2019.
30. 30. 3DXTech, www.3dxtech.com, 2019.
31. 31. Zen Toolworks, www.zencnc.com, 2019.
32. 32. Bare, https://www.bareconductive.com, 2019.
33. 33. Bronzefill, https://colorfabb.com/bronzefill, 2019.
34. 34. Ahn B.Y., Duoss E.B., Motala M.J., Guo X., Park S.-I., Xiong Y., Yoon J., Nuzzo R.G., Rogers J.A., Lewis J.A., Omni directional printing of flexible, stretchable,and spanning silver microelectrodes, Science, 323, Pages 1590–1593, 2009.
35. 35. Walker S.B., Lewis J.A., Reactive silver inks for patterning high-conductivity features at mild temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, (3), Pages 1419–1421, 2012.
36. 36. Hohimer C.J., Petrossian G.,Ameli A., Mo C.,Pötschke P., Electrical conductivity and piezoresistive response of 3D printed thermoplastic polyurethane/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites, Proceedings Volume 10596, Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites XII; 105960J), 2018 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2296774
37. 37. Sugiyama K., Matsuzakia R.,Ueda M., Todoroki A., Hirano Y., 3D printing of composite sandwich structures using continuous carbon fiber and fiber tension, Composites Part A, 113, Pages 114–121, 2018.
38. 38. Willis K. D. D., Brockmeyer E., Hudson S. E., Poupyrev I., Printed optics: 3D printing of embedded optical elements for interactive devices, In Proceedings of the 25th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST ’12), Pages 589–598, 2012.
39. 39. Wessely M., Tsandilas T., Mackay W. E., Stretchis: Fabricating highly stretchable user interfaces, In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST ’16), Pages 697–704, 2016.