The Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Spoiler Design on Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient on Truck Trailer Combinations

Öz

In this study, surface pressure and drag force measurement was measured at 6 different free flow velocities on a heavy vehicle model, consisting of truck and trailer, placed in the wind tunnel. The aerodynamic drag coefficient were determinated for three different models which are unspoiler model, the standard spoiler and new design spoilers model. As a result of wind tunnel tests, the effects of spoiler design on the aerodynamic drag coefficient was defined. The experimental studies were performed on 156000- 844000 Reynolds number. In experimental studies, kinematic similarity was provided and blocking effects were neglected. In the dynamic similarity condition, the independence of Reynolds number was used. The pressure coefficient distributions on the vehicle were determined with the experiments of pressure measurement. The pressure coefficient was found to be high at the top of the trailer which is higher than truck and on the front bumper. % 11.37 the aerodynamic improvement was obtained by new spoiler design according to the model 2 with standard spoiler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• The aerodynamic drag coefficient,wind tunnel,truck trailer combination,spoiler design

Kaynakça

1. Wood, R.M. and Bauer, S.X.S. (2003). Simple and low cost aerodynamic drag reduction devices for tractor-trailer Trucks. SAE Technical Paper, 01–3377, 1-18.
2. Bayindirli, C, Akansu, Y.E, Salman, M. S. (2016) “The Determination Of Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient Of Truck and Trailer Model By Wind Tunnel Tests” , International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies, 5 (2) 53-60.
3. Çakmak, M.A," Investigation of vehicles as aerodynamically”, Mühendis Makina, 41, 489, 2000.
4. Perzon, S., and Davidson, L. (2000). On transient modeling of the flow around vehicles using the Reynolds equation. International Conference on Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics (ACFD) Beijing China, 720-727.
5. Sarı, M,F. (2007). The Aerodynamic Analysis of Air Resistance Affecting the Front Form of Light Commercial vehicles And Its Effect on Fuel Consumption, Osmangazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Master Thesis, Eskişehir, 28-54.
6. Modi, V.J., Hill, S.St. and Yokomimizo, T. (1995). Drag Reduction of Trucks Through Boundary-Layer Control. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 54/55, 583-594.
7. Gillieron, P., Kourta, A. (2010) “Aerodynamic Drag Reduction By Vertical Splitter Plates” Experiments In Fluids, : 48, 1-16.
8. Fourrie, G., Keirsbulck, L., Labraga, L., Gıllıeron, P. (2011)“ Bluff-Body Drag Reduction Using A Deflector.” Experiments In. Fluids, 50, 385-395.

9. Beaudoın, J.-F., Aider, J.-L. (2010) “Drag And Lift Reduction Of A 3d Bluff Body Using Vortex Generators”, Experiments In Fluids, 48, 771-789.
10. Ogburn, M.J., and Ramroth L.A. (2007). A truck efficiency and GHD reduction opportunities in the Canadian Truck Fleet (2004-2007). Rocky Mountain Instutue Report, Canadian, 1-13.
11. Çengel, A, Y, Cimbala J, M, “Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals and Applications”, (Translater. Tahsin Engin, H. Rıdvan Öz, Hasan Küçük, Şevki Çeşmeci), Güven Bilimsel, İzmir, 2008.
12. Solmaz, H., İçingür, Y. "Karayolu Taşıtları İçin Kaldırma Katsayısının Önemi ve Belirlenmesi." Politeknik Dergisi 13.3 (2010): 203-208.
13. Bayindirli, C., Akansu, Y.E., Salman, M.S., and Çolak, D. (2015). The Numerical Investigation of Aerodynamic Structures of Truck and Trailer Combinations, IJAET, 4 (3) 139-145
14. Solmaz, H., İcingur, Y. (2015). Drag Coefficient Determination Of A Bus Model Using Reynolds Number Independence, IJAET, 4 (3) 146-151.
15. İçingür, Yakup, and Solmaz, H,. (2011). Düşük Hızlı Bir Rüzgar Tünelinde Değişik Otomobil Modellerinin Aerodinamik Direnç Katsayilarinin Belirlenmesi." Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik- Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 26.2.
16. Özel, M, Aygün, E., Akansu, Y.E., Bayindirli, C., Seyhan, M.(2015). The passive flow control around a truck-trailer model. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies Vol. 4, Issue 4,185 – 192.