ORTA ASYA: REKABETTEN İŞ BİRLİĞİNE ÇİN-RUSYA İLİŞKİLERİ

Öz

Sovyetler Birliğinin dağılmasından sonra iki kutuplu sistemin de sona ermesi Orta Asya’nın içinde olduğu Sovyet dönemindeki Büyük Oyunu yeniden gündeme getirdi. Bu Yeni Büyük Oyun, uluslararası politikada oldukça sıradanlaştığı halde yeni aktörler de tarafları arasında yer almaya başladı. Bu bölgede, 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren ABD, Rusya ve Çin ile zaman zaman devreye giren diğer bir aktör ile bölge ülkeler arasında oyun sürmektedir. Söz konusu oyuncular, güçlerini ve etkilerini olabildiğince en üst düzeye çıkarmaya çalışırlar ve diğer oyuncuların daha etkili olmalarını engellemek için her şeyi yaparlar. Her oyuncunun kendisine göre avantajları/dezavantajları bulunmakta olup iş birliğini ilerletmek veya şartlara göre diğer oyuncular arasındaki çatışmayı teşvik etmek için çeşitli araçlar kullanırlar. Bu makale, Orta Asya’da Rusya ve Çin arasındaki ilişkilere odaklanmakta ve bu konudaki manevralarını tartışmaktadır. İlk bölümde Rusya ve Çin’in bölgesel rekabetteki konumlarını güçlendirmeye çalıştıkları politikalar tahlil edilmekte, daha sonra iki ülkeyi bir araya getirerek iş birliğine yönlendiren motivasyonlar ele alınmaktadır. Son olarak Rusya ile Çin için söz konusu iş birliğinin sürdürülebilir olup olmadığı analiz edilmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orta Asya
• Rusya
• Çin
• Büyük Oyun
• Rekabet
• İş birliği

RUSSIA - CHINA RELATIONS IN CENTRAL ASIA: FROM COMPETITION TO COOPERATION

Öz

The disintegration of the Soviet Union followed by the demise of the bi-polar world system appeared to revive the Great Game in ex-Soviet space including Central Asia. This new Great Game has taken a very recognizable feature but now it seems that it is being played out with the expanded set of actors. Starting from the 1990s, we have been witnessing game within games taking place in the region. The first game is played between the USA, Russia and China while the the other one is played among the regional countries. The players try to maximize their power and influence and they do everything possible to prevent other players to become more influential. Each player has its own strengths/weaknesses and each one uses various tools in both furthering the cooperation or provoking competition with other actors according to the merits of the issue concerned. This article focuses on the relations between Russia and China and will discuss their objectives and maneuvering in Central Asia. In the first part, the policies whereby Russia and China seek to strengthen their positions in the regional competition will be analysed, then the motivations that bring Russia and China together in their relations and led them to cooperate will be explained. Finally, the sustainability of cooperation between Russia and China will be explored. Here, the historical and geopolitical infrastructure of this competition and cooperation policies are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Central Asia,
• Russia,
• China
• Cooperation
• Great Game

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