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Adaptation of an entrepreneurship education self-assessment scale at the tertiary level into Turkish

Yıl 2023, , 638 - 671, 23.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1243812

Öz

The university environment provides a good context for entrepreneurship education. With the vigorous development of entrepreneurship education, educators and scholars have shown increasing interest in the significant role entrepreneurship education plays in higher education. As a result, the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education has quickly become a popular topic. However, it is often not easy to evaluate entrepreneurship education programs, which are designed for medium- and long-term outcomes. It is essential to develop alternative assessment tools that do not traditionally assess only knowledge. The study aims to adapt the multidimensional measurement tool for assessing university students' entrepreneurial skills, knowledge, attitudes, and mindsets. While the scale was translated into Turkish, face and content validity were proved. The data was gathered from 572 university students. Confirmatory factor analyses were employed to assess the construct validity of the measure. The Turkish Entrepreneurship Education Self-Efficiency Scale was obtained with three main dimensions and 38 items. Its Cronbach’s alpha, Spearman-Brown correlation, and composite reliability coefficients are 0.95, 0.86, and 0.98, respectively. Furthermore, the study found that the entrepreneurship education scores of the participants were significantly related to their gender, field of education, volunteering, work experience, experience of starting or running their own business, and entrepreneurship education. The effect size of these variables differs, and the experience with self-employment has the greatest influence on entrepreneurship education.

Etik Beyan

Gazi University, 26.06.2019, 2019-195

Kaynakça

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Adaptation of an entrepreneurship education self-assessment scale at the tertiary level into Turkish

Yıl 2023, , 638 - 671, 23.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1243812

Öz

The university environment provides a good context for entrepreneurship education. With the vigorous development of entrepreneurship education, educators and scholars have shown increasing interest in the significant role entrepreneurship education plays in higher education. As a result, the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education has quickly become a popular topic. However, it is often not easy to evaluate entrepreneurship education programs, which are designed for medium- and long-term outcomes. It is essential to develop alternative assessment tools that do not traditionally assess only knowledge. The study aims to adapt the multidimensional measurement tool for assessing university students' entrepreneurial skills, knowledge, attitudes, and mindsets. While the scale was translated into Turkish, face and content validity were proved. The data was gathered from 572 university students. Confirmatory factor analyses were employed to assess the construct validity of the measure. The Turkish Entrepreneurship Education Self-Efficiency Scale was obtained with three main dimensions and 38 items. Its Cronbach’s alpha, Spearman-Brown correlation, and composite reliability coefficients are 0.95, 0.86, and 0.98, respectively. Furthermore, the study found that the entrepreneurship education scores of the participants were significantly related to their gender, field of education, volunteering, work experience, experience of starting or running their own business, and entrepreneurship education. The effect size of these variables differs, and the experience with self-employment has the greatest influence on entrepreneurship education.

Etik Beyan

Gazi University, 26.06.2019, 2019-195

Destekleyen Kurum

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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  • Muofhe, N.J., & Du Toit, W.F. (2011). Entrepreneurial education’s and entrepreneurial role models’ influence on career choice. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 9(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v9i1.345
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  • Pazarcık, Y. (2016). Üniversitelerimiz girişimci yetiştirebiliyor mu?: Üniversite öğrencilerinin girişimcilik algısını/eğilimini/özelliklerini ölçen araştırmaların sonuçsal bir değerlendirmesi [Can our universities raise entrepreneurs?: A concluding evaluation of studies measuring university students’ entrepreneurship perception/disposition/characteristics]. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Researches, 17(37 Girişimcilik Özel Sayısı), 140 169. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/sobbiad/issue/36438/413033
  • Peterman, N.E., & Kennedy, J. (2003). Enterprise Education: Influencing Students’ Perceptions of Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(2), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-6520.2003.00035.x
  • Petridou, E., Sarri, A., & Kyrgidou, L.P. (2009). Entrepreneurship education in higher educational institutions: the gender dimension. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 24(4), 286–309. https://doi.org/10.1108/17542410910961569
  • Pittaway, L., & Edwards, C. (2012). Assessment: Examining practice in entrepreneurship education. Education and Training, 54(8), 778 800. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211274882
  • Pittaway, L., Hannon, P., Gibb, A., & Thompson, J. (2009). Assessment practice in enterprise education. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 15(1), 71–93. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552550910934468
  • Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Free Press.
  • Prajapati, B., Dunne, M., & Armstrong, R. (2010). Sample size estimation and statistical power analyses. Optometry today, 16(7), 10-18.
  • Rasmussen, E.A., & Sørheim, R. (2006). Action-based entrepreneurship education. Technovation, 26(2), 185–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2005.06.012
  • Rideout, E. (2012). Bounded Rationality and the Supply Side of Entrepreneurship: Evaluating Technology Entrepreneurship Education for Economic Impact [North Carolina State University]. http://www.papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2027023
  • Roman, T., & Maxim, A. (2017). National culture and higher education as pre-determining factors of student entrepreneurship. Studies in Higher Education, 42(6), 993–1014. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1074671
  • Ruxton, G.D., & Beauchamp, G. (2008). Time for some a priori thinking about post hoc testing. Behavioral ecology, 19(3), 690-693.
  • Saeed, S., Muffatto, M., & Yousafzai, S. (2014). A multi-level study of entrepreneurship education among Pakistani University Students. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 4(3), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2013-0041
  • Sakınç, S., & Bursalıoğlu, S.A. (2012). A global change in higher education: Entrepreneurial University Model. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 2(2), 92. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2012.037
  • Sart, G. (2020). Bireysel girişimcilik eğilimi ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Development of individual entrepreneurship tendency: Validity and reliability study]. International Journal of Applied Economic and Finance Studies, 1(5), 58-72.
  • Schulte, P. (2007). The Entrepreneurial University: A strategy for institutional development. Higher Education in Europe, 29(2), 187 191. https://doi.org/10.1080/0379772042000234811
  • Scott, J., Penaluna, A., & Thompson, J.L. (2016). A critical perspective on learning outcomes and the effectiveness of experiential approaches in entrepreneurship education: Do we innovate or implement? Education and Training, 58(1), 82 93. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-06-2014-0063
  • Seçer, İ. (2018). Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci SPSS ve Lisrel uygulamaları [Psychological test development and adaptation process SPSS and Lisrel applications] (2nd ed.). Anı Publishing.
  • Shamsrizi, M., Pakura, A., Wiechers, J., Pakura, S., & Dauster, D.V. (2021). Digital entrepreneurship for the “decade of action” how entrepreneurs can impact our race towards the sustainable development goals. In Digital Entrepreneurship impact on business and society (pp. 303–327). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53914-6
  • Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. The Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217. https://doi.org/10.2307/259271
  • Sherkat, A., & Chenari, A. (2020). Assessing the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education in the universities of Tehran province based on an entrepreneurial intention model. Studies in Higher Education, 47(1), 97 115. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1732906
  • Shinnar, R., Pruett, M., & Toney, B. (2009). Entrepreneurship education: Attitudes across campus. Journal of Education for Business, 84(3), 151 159. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEB.84.3.151-159
  • Silveyra, G., Herrero, Á., & Pérez, A. (2021). Model of Teachable Entrepreneurship Competencies (M-TEC): Scale development. International Journal of Management Education, 19(1). 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100392
  • Sullivan, G.M., & Feinn, R. (2012). Using effect size—or why the P value is not enough. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 4(3), 279 282. https://doi.org/10.4300%2FJGME-D-12-00156.1
  • T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı. (2014). 10. Kalkınma planı girişimciliğin geliştirilmesi özel ihtisas komisyonu raporu [10th Development plan development of entrepreneurship specialization commission report].
  • Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. Pearson.
  • Tessema Gerba, D. (2012). Impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions of business and engineering students in Ethiopia. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 3(2), 258–277. https://doi.org/10.1108/20400701211265036
  • The ENTREDU. (n.d.). Assessment tools and indicators for entrepreneurship education. https://portal.opendiscoveryspace.eu/en/content/assessment tools and indicators entrepreneurship-education-628775
  • Uygun, M., & Güner, E. (2016). Girişimcilik eğiliminin gelişiminde girişimcilik eğitimin rolü [The role of entrepreneurship education in development of entrepreneurial intent]. MANAS Journal of Social Studies, 5(5), 37-57.
  • Uygun, M., Mete, S., & Güner, E. (2018). Girişimcilik motivasyonu ile girişimcilik eğitimi arasındaki ilişkiler [The Role of Entrepreneurship Education in the Improvement of Entrepreneurship Motivations of Young People]. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 25(3), 879–894. https://doi.org/10.18657/YONVEEK.360276
  • van der Veen, M., & Wakkee, I. (2016). Understanding the entrepreneurial process. In D. Watkins (Ed.), ARPENT-Annual Review of Progress in Entrepreneurship (Vol. 2). EFMD.
  • Varela, R., & Jimenez, J.E. (2001). The effect of entrepreneurship education in the Universities of Cali. Frontiers of Educational Research: Babson Conference Proceedings, January 2001, 1–15.
  • Venkataraman, S. (1997). The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research. In J. A. Katz (Ed.), Advances in Entrepreneurship Research: Firm Emergence and Growth (pp. 119–138). JAI Press.
  • Vanevenhoven, J., & Liguori, E. (2013). The impact of entrepreneurship education: Introducing the entrepreneurship education project. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 315–328. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12026
  • Vodă, A.I., & Florea, N. (2019). Impact of personality traits and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions of business and engineering students. Sustainability, 11(4):1192. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU11041192
  • von Graevenitz, G., Harhoff, D., & Weber, R. (2010). The effects of entrepreneurship education. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 76(1), 90 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEBO.2010.02.015
  • Wilson, J.H., & Joye, S.W. (2017). Research methods and statistics: An integrated approach.
  • Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self–efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(3), 387–406. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00179.x
  • Yelkikalan, N., Akatay, A., Yıldırım, H.M., Karadeniz, Y., Köse, C., Koncagül, Ö., & Özer, E. (2010). Dünya ve Türkiye üniversitelerinde girişimcilik eğitimi karşılaştırmalı bir analiz [A comparative analysis of entrepreneurship education in World and Turkish Universities]. KMU Journal of Social and Economic Research, 12(19), 51–59.
  • Yılmaz, E., & Sünbül, A.M. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerine yönelik girişimcilik ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi [Developing Scale of University Students Entrepreneurship]. The Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute, (21), 195-203.
Toplam 134 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kültürlerarası Ölçek Uyarlama, Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Çelik 0000-0001-9511-7516

Ebru Solmaz 0000-0003-4893-450X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, A., & Solmaz, E. (2023). Adaptation of an entrepreneurship education self-assessment scale at the tertiary level into Turkish. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 10(4), 638-671. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1243812

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