Iğdır Şartlarında Yetiştirilen Halep Keçilerinin Süt Verimi, Döl Verimi, Meme Özellikleri ve Çiğ Süt Somatik Hücre Sayısı

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Halep keçilerinde somatik hücre sayısı (SHS), meme özellikleri ve bazı verim özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Iğdır iline ilk kez 2013 yılında getirilen ve özel bir işletmede yetiştirilen Halep keçilerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 2019 yılında 62 baş keçide 620 adet süt örneğinde SHS, aylık süt verimi ve meme özellikleri ölçülmüştür. Çalışmada meme çevresi, meme genişliği, meme alt yüksekliği, meme üst yüksekliği, meme başı açısı, meme hacmi, meme başı çapı ve meme başı uzunluğuna ait ortalama değerler sırasıyla 41.83±0.13 cm, 13.07±0.04 cm, 30.57±0.14 cm, 51.01±0.15 cm, 38.02±0.13º, 1754.84±10.65 ml, 6.09±0.09 mm ve 5.44±0.06 cm olarak belirlenmiştir. Sürüde iki parçalı ve düz meme olarak iki meme tipi tespit edilmiştir. Çiğ sütlerde ortalama SHS ve logaritmik Log10SHS değerleri sırasıyla 503.120±40.020 hücre ml-1 ve 5.543±0.037 hücre ml-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Doğum şekli ve laktasyon sırasının SHS ve Log10SHS üzerindeki etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Süt verimini etkileyen faktörlerden ortalama günlük süt verimi, laktasyon süresi ve laktasyon süt verimi sırasıyla 2,14±0,05 kg, 292,15±0,60 gün ve 626,23±12,94 kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama günlük süt verimi üzerine laktasyon süresi ve mevsimin etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Meme tipinin laktasyon uzunluğuna (p<0.05), laktasyon süresinin laktasyon süt verimi üzerine etkisi anlamlı (p<0.01) bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak Halep keçilerinin Iğdır ili koşullarında başarılı bir şekilde yetiştirilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Halep keçisi
• süt verimi
• süt kalitesi
• SHS
• meme özellikleri

Milk Yield, Fertility, Udder Characteristics, and Raw Milk Somatic Cell Count of the Damascus Goats Reared in Iğdır Conditions

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the somatic cell number (SCC), udder characteristics and some yield characteristics in Damascus goats. This study was carried out on the Damascus goats raised on a private farm brought the first time in Iğdır province of Turkey in 2013. In the study, 62 Damascus goats were measured SCC of 620 milk samples, monthly milk yields, and udder characteristics in 2019. In the study, mean values of some udder characteristics such as udder circumference, udder width, udder bottom height, udder upper height, teat angle, udder volume, teat diameter, and teat length were determined as 41.83±0.13 cm, 13.07±0.04 cm, 30.57±0.14 cm, 51.01±0.15 cm, 38.02±0.13º, 1754.84±10.65 ml, 6.09±0.09 mm and 5.44±0.06 cm, respectively. In raw milk, mean values of SCC and logarithmic Log10SCC were found as 503,120±40,020 cells ml-1 and 5,543±0.037 cells ml-1, respectively. The effect of birth type and lactation order on SCC and Log10SCC was found to be significant (p<0.01). Average daily milk yield, lactation length, and lactation milk yield, which are among the factors affecting milk yield, were found as 2.14±0.05 kg, 292.15±0.60 day, and 626.23±12.94 kg, respectively. The effect of lactation length and season on average dairy milk yield was found to be significant (p<0.01). The effects of udder type on lactation length (p<0.05), and lactation duration on lactation milk yield were found significant (p<0.01). As a result, it has been concluded that Damascus goats can be successfully raised under the conditions of Iğdır province.

Keywords

• Damascus goat
• milk yield
• milk quality
• SCC
• udder characteristics

Kaynakça

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