Kireçli Toprakta Organomineral Gübreleme ve Fosfor Çözücü Bakterilerin Toprak Biyolojik Aktivitesi ve Patlıcan Gelişimi Üzerindeki Sinerjik Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, kireçli topraklara sahip sera koşullarında yürütülen patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.) yetiştiriciliğinde; Bacillus megaterium, Pantoea agglomerans ve Pseudomonas fluorescens içeren ticari bir mikrobiyal gübrenin, toprak biyolojik özellikleri ve bitki gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Denemede, bitkinin fosfor (P) ihtiyacının %70'i fertigasyonla karşılanırken, kalan %30'luk kısım dört farklı azaltılmış doz düzeyinde (%0, %25, %50, %100) organo-mineral taban gübresi olarak uygulanmış ve mikrobiyal aşılamayla kombinlenmiştir. Deneme öncesinde ve dört farklı gelişim döneminde alınan toprak örneklerinde fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik parametreler; dönem sonunda alınan bitki örneklerinde ise pomolojik ve fizyolojik özellikler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, mikrobiyal uygulamaların toprak biyolojik aktivitesini önemli ölçüde artırdığını göstermiştir. Özellikle tam doz P ve mikrobiyal gübreleme kombinasyonu (100+), en yüksek üreaz, alkali fosfataz ve β-glukozidaz enzim aktiviteleri ile toplam bakteri sayısını sağlamıştır. Ayrıca 100+ uygulaması; toprak EC, organik madde, toplam azot ve yarayışlı P içeriklerinde en belirgin iyileşmeleri ortaya koymuştur. Meyve boyu, meyve sap uzunluğu, kuru biyokütle, suda çözünür kuru madde ve klorofil konsantrasyonu gibi bitkisel parametreler P-mikrobiyal etkileşiminden pozitif yönde etkilenmiştir. En yüksek yaprak fosfor konsantrasyonu 100+ ve en yüksek toplam verim yine 100 ve 100+ uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, mikrobiyal aşılayıcıların P biyoyararlanımını ve besin kullanım etkinliğini artırarak mineral gübreleme ile güçlü bir sinerji oluşturduğunu kanıtlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, entegre mikrobiyal-kimyasal gübreleme stratejisinin kireçli topraklarda sürdürülebilir patlıcan üretimi için etkili bir yöntem olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Azaltılmış gübreleme
• Fosfor çözücü bakteriler
• Kireçli toprak
• Patlıcan
• Sera yetiştiriciliği

Destekleyen Kurum

Akdeniz Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

FYL-2023-6466

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Synergistic Effects of Organo-Mineral Fertilization and Phosphorus-Solubilizing Bacteria on Soil Biological Activity and Eggplant Growth in Calcareous Soil

Öz

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a commercial microbial fertilizer containing Bacillus megaterium, Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas fluorescens on soil biological properties and plant growth during eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cultivation under greenhouse conditions in calcareous soils. While 70% of the phosphorus (P) requirement was supplied via fertigation, the remaining 30% was provided through organo-mineral basal fertilization at four reduction levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 100%) combined with microbial inoculation. Soil samples collected prior to the experiment and at 4 different growth stages were analyzed for physical, chemical, and biological properties, while plant samples collected at the end of the harvest were evaluated for pomological and physiological traits. The results indicated that microbial treatments substantially enhanced soil biological activity. Specifically, the full-dose P + microbial treatment (100+) produced the highest urease, alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase activities, and total bacterial count. The 100+ treatment also yielded the most pronounced improvements in soil EC, organic matter, total nitrogen, and available P. Plant parameters, including fruit length, peduncle length, dry biomass, soluble solids content, and chlorophyll concentrations, responded positively to P–microbial combinations. The highest leaf phosphorus concentration was obtained from the 100+ treatment, while the maximum total yield was achieved in both the 100 and 100+ treatments. These findings demonstrate that microbial inoculants create a strong synergy with mineral fertilization by enhancing P bioavailability and nutrient use efficiency. Consequently, it was determined that an integrated microbial-chemical fertilization strategy is an effective method for sustainable eggplant production in calcareous soils.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Reduced fertilization
• Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria
• Calcareous soil
• Eggplant
• Greenhouse cultivation

Destekleyen Kurum

Akdeniz University

Proje Numarası

FYL-2023-6466

Teşekkür

This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University.

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