The Effect of Some Endophytic Bacteria Against Alternaria solani (Ell. & G. Martin) Sor. in Tomato

Abstract

Alternaria solani (Ell. and G. Martin) Sor., causes early blight disease in all areas of tomato cultivation in the world, causes significant product losses. In this study, the effects of 8 endophytic bacteria (EB) (T2K2, T26Y1, G116S2, T13K1, V17G2, V30Y3, V38K1 and V40K2) and the morphological development parameters of tomato were investigated on early blight disease caused by A. solani. In the first stage of the study, the plant morphological development of EB isolates in-vivo and antagonistic effects against A. solani in-vitro were investigated. In this study, the second phase was set up with the effective EB isolates. At this stage, the effects of selected EB isolates on the disease parameters of A. solani-infected plants and the disease were evaluated. It was determined that EB isolates suppress the disease by 11-53%. In-vivo tests, T13K1, V40K2 and V30Y3 isolates were determined as the most effective treatments against the disease. In addition, the V40K2 isolate increased overall growth of the healthy plants and under disease stress. Following this isolate, the root weight (0.49g) of the G116S2 isolate increased in non-infected plants, the shoot length (59.17 cm) in the infected plants, while the T13K1 isolate increased the shoot fresh (3.14 g) and dry weight (0.34 g) in non-infected treatments. In infectious treatments, EB isolates had a positive effect on plant growth compared to negative control (K(-)), but differed according to positive control (K(+)). As a result, it has been determined that the EB isolates used have the potential to reduce pesticide and synthetic fertilizer input, but this effect may differ according to the pathogen-endophytic bacterium interaction.

Keywords

• Tomato
• Alternaria solani
• endophytic bacteria

Domateste Alternaria solani (Ell. & G. Martin) Sor.’ye Karşı Bazı Endofit Bakterilerin Etkisi

Öz

Dünyada domates yetiştiriciliği yapılan tüm alanlarda erken yanıklık hastalığına neden olan Alternaria solani (Ell. and G. Martin) Sor. önemli derecede ürün kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, 8 endofit bakteri (EB)’ nin (T2K2, T26Y1, G116S2, T13K1, V17G2, V30Y3, V38K1 ve V40K2) A. solani’nin neden olduğu erken yanıklık hastalığına ve domatesin morfolojik gelişim parametrelerine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında EB izolatlarının in-vivo’da bitki morfolojik gelişimine ve in-vitro’da A. solani’ye karşı antagonistik etkilerine bakılmıştır. Bu çalışmada başarılı bulunan EB izolatları ile ikinci aşamaya geçilmiştir. Bu aşamada, seçilen EB izolatlarının A. solani ile enfekteli bitkilerin gelişim parametreleri ile hastalığa olan etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. EB izolatlarının hastalığı %11-53 oranında baskıladığı belirlenmiştir. In-vivo testlerde T13K1, V40K2 ve V30Y3 izolatları hastalığa karşı en etkili uygulamalar olmuştur. Ayrıca V40K2 izolatı, hastalıksız ve hastalık stresi altında bitkilerin gelişimini genel olarak arttırmıştır. Bu izolatı takiben enfektesiz bitkilerde G116S2 izolatının kök yaş ağırlığını (0.49 g), enfekteli bitkilerde ise sürgün boyunu (59.17 cm) arttırırken, T13K1 izolatı ise enfektesiz uygulamalarda sürgün yaş (3.14 g) ve kuru ağırlığını (0.34 g) arttırmıştır. Enfekteli uygulamalarda negatif kontrole (K(-)) göre EB izolatları, bitki gelişimini olumlu etkilerken, pozitif kontrole (K(+)) göre farklılık göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, kullanılan EB izolatlarının pestisit ve sentetik gübre girdisini azaltma potansiyelinin olduğu, fakat bu etkinin patojen-endofit bakteri interaksiyonuna göre farklılık gösterebileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• domates
• Alternaria solani
• endofit bakteriler

Kaynakça

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