Determination of Resistance in Winter Wheat Genotypes to the Dryland Root Rots caused by Fusarium culmorum in Turkey

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 193 - 202, 30.12.2018

Gül Erginbaş Orakcı , Alexey Morgounov Abdelfattah Adnan Dababat

https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.414501

Cited By: 10

Öz

The
dryland root rot (foot/crown) caused by Fusarium spp. attacks cereals
especially wheat and causes severe yield loss by reducing both grain quantity
and quality. Among those Fusarium species attacking wheat crop is the Fusarium culmorum species which has been
reported as the main crown rot causal agent in Turkey. Unfortunately,
up-to-date, there is only some wheat genotypes with partial resistant to
Fusarium spp. Therefore, this study was carried out to find new sources of
resistance in diverse wheat genotypes to limit the damage caused by Fusarium
disease. In this study, a  total of 141
genotypes and breeding lines were obtained from 19 different countries,
provided via the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) and
screened for their resistance reactions to a local isolate of Fusarium culmorum under three different
environmental conditions (growth room, greenhouse and field) in Turkey in 2012.
The best performed genotypes in terms of resistant were then rescreened in 2013
for data validation. Out of the 141 phenotyped wheat genotypes, 17 genotypes
(12 %) ranked as moderately resistant (MR) at seedling and/or adult growth
stage. The genotypes from Mexico seemed to have adult plant resistant rather
than seedling resistance which was higher in the USA genotypes. Winter bread
wheats PATWIN YR5 and TAST/SPRW//ZAR/5/YUANDONG
3/4/PPB8-68/CHRC/3/PYN//TAM101/AMIGO which possess high level of resistance seem promising for
breeding for foot rot.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fusarium, resistance, root rot, wheat

Kışlık Buğday Genotiplerinin Türkiye’ de Kök Çürüklüğü Etmeni Fusarium culmorum’a Karşı Dayanıklılığı’nın Belirlenmesi

Öz

Kuru alan
kök (kökboğazı/dip) çürüklükleri’ne neden olan Fusarium türleri tahıllara
özellikle buğdaya zarar vermekte, tane sayı ve kalitesini azaltarak önemli
verim kaybına neden olmaktadır. Türkiye’de kök çürüklüğü hastalık etmeni
Fusarium türleri içinde buğday bitkisine zarar veren başlıca etmen olarak rapor
edilen tür Fusarium culmorum’dur.
Maalesef, günümüze kadar Fusarium türlerine karşı sadece birkaç kısmi dayanıklı
buğday genotipi bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma Fusarium hastalığının neden
olduğu zararı sınırlandırmak amacıyla çeşitli buğday genotiplerinde yeni
dayanıklılık kaynaklarının bulunması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada,
Uluslararası Kışlık Buğday Geliştirme Programı (IWWIP) aracılığıyla 19 farklı
Ülke’den toplam 141 ıslah materyali (hat ve çeşit) sağlanmıştır ve Türkiye’de 3
farklı ortamda (büyütme odası,sera, tarla) yerel izolat Fusarium culmorum’a karşı dayanıklılıklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla
2012 yılında test edilmiştir. Dayanıklılık bakımından en iyi performansı
gösteren genotipler verilerin doğrulanması amacıyla 2013 yılında tekrar test
edilmiştir. Fenotiplendirme yapılan 141 genotip içinden toplam materyalin %12’
lik kısmını oluşturan 17 genotip fide ve/veya yetişkin dönemde orta dayanıklı
olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Meksika kaynaklı genotipler, fide dayanıklılığı daha
fazla gösteren Amerika kaynaklı genotiplerin aksine yetişkin dönem
dayanıklılığı göstermiştir. Yüksek dayanıklılık gösteren kışlık buğdaylar
PATWIN YR5 ve TAST/SPRW//ZAR/5/YUANDONG
3/4/PPB8-68/CHRC/3/PYN//TAM101/AMIGO kök çürüklüğü’ ne karşı ıslahta ümitvar
olarak görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fusarium, dayanıklılık, kök çürüklüğü, buğday

Kaynakça

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