Yulafın (Avena sativa L.) Verim ve Kalitesine Çinko Uygulaması ve Ekim Zamanının Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çinko (Zn) uygulamalarının kışlık ve yazlık ekim zamanlarında ekilen yerel yulaf genotiplerinin verim performansı, tane kalite özellikleri (protein, β-glukan, ADF ve NDF) ve mikro element (Zn, Fe, Cu ve Mn) konsantrasyonu üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Deneme üç tekerrürlü olarak bölünmüş parseller deneme deseninde arazi koşullarında oluşturulmuştur. Ekim zamanı ana parsellere, Zn uygulamaları (0, 5 ve 10 kg ha-1) alt parsellere ve genotipler alt alt parsellere yerleştirilmiştir. Çinko uygulamaları, hem kışlık hem de yazlık ekimlerde, genotiplerin tane verimini, β-glukan, ADF, NDF ve mikroelement konsantrasyonlarını artırmıştır. Tane protein içeriği Zn uygulamaları ile azalış göstermiştir. Yulaf tanelerinin Zn konsantrasyonu, β-glukan, Cu ve Mn ile pozitif; protein, Fe ve Cu ile negatif bir korelasyon göstermiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre yulaf bitkilerine Zn uygulanmasıyla, kışlık ve yazlık ekimde verim performansının artırılabileceğini ve kalitesinin iyileştirilebileceği görülmüştür. Kışlık ekimde yulafın incelenen tane kalitesi özellikleri ve mikroelement konsantrasyonları yazlık ekimden daha yüksek olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, ülkemizde yazlık olarak yetiştirilen yulaf bitkilerinin, kışı çok sert geçmeyen iklim koşullarına sahip bölgelerde, kışlık olarak da yetiştirilebilmesinin tane kalitesini olumlu etkileyeceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Aynı zamanda yulaf bitkisinin tane Zn içeriğinin artırılması ile insan ve hayvan beslenmesindeki etkinliği de artmış olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• beta-glukan,
• bin tane ağırlığı
• kışlık ve yazlık ekim
• mikro elementler
• tanede Zn

The Effects of Zinc Application and Planting Time on Yield and Quality of Oats (Avena sativa L.)

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the effects of zinc (Zn) applications on yield performance, grain quality characteristics (protein, B-glucan, ADF, NDF) and micro element (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn) concentration of local oat genotypes planted in winter and spring sowing. The experiment was created in three replications in a split plot pattern under field conditions. Sowing time was placed in main plots, Zn application rates (0, 5 and 10 kg ha-1) in sub plots and genotypes in sub-sub plots. Zinc applications increased in grain yield, β-glucan, ADF, NDF and micro element concentration of genotypes at winter and spring sowing. On the other hand, grain protein content decreased with Zn applications. The Zn concentration of the oat grains showed a positive correlation with B-glucan, Cu and Mn, and a negative correlation with protein, Fe and Cu. The results showed that by applying Zn to oat plants, the yield performance and quality can be improved in winter and spring planting. The overall performance of winter cultivation was determined to be higher than spring cultivation. Therefore, it was concluded that growing oat plants, which are typically grown in the spring in our country, under zones which not too harsh winter conditions, can positively affect the grain quality. In addition, by increasing the grain Zn content of the oat plant, its effectiveness in human and animal nutrition will be increased.

Keywords

• beta-glucan
• thousand kernel weight
• winter and spring swing
• micro elements
• Zn in grain

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