Exploring the Phenotypic Diversity for Seed Mineral Contents in Turkish Faba Bean Germplasm

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 540 - 550, 30.12.2021

Muhammad Azhar Nadeem

https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.949496

Cited By: 1

Öz

Biofortification emerged as a sustainable approach for the improvement of nutritional contents of food crops through the utilization of plant breeding, transgenic techniques, or agronomic practices. Legumes are serving as the primary source of plant-based protein for millions of people all over the world. Faba bean is an important legume crop having high protein, mineral, and vitamin contents beneficial for human health. The present investigation involved the seed mineral profiling of faba bean germplasm collected from 20 provinces of Turkey. A good range of variations were observed for nitrogen (N) (5.19-7.52%), phosphorus (P) (0.102-0.668), potassium (K) (0.63-2.46), calcium (Ca) (0.50-0.64), magnesium (Mg) (0.230-0.363), iron (Fe) (57.047-145.63), zinc (Zn) (28.76-90.10), copper (Cu) (6.23-32.33) and manganese (Mn) (12.93-45.37) were investigated. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variance for Fe, Zn and Cu. A highly significant and positive correlation was observed between Zn and Fe contents and should be considered as parents for the development of Fe and Zn enriched faba bean cultivars. Scatter plot analysis revealed Malatya3 and Izmir3 landraces rich in Fe and Zn contents. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed and the first five PCs accounted for 75.80% variations. The constellation plot was constructed and the studied germplasm was divided into two populations based on their Fe contents. Landraces present in population B were found rich in Zn and Fe contents. Present investigation enlighted the seed minerals diversity in faba bean germplasm and it is recommended that studied germplasm should be used for the biofortification of faba bean to minimize the malnutrition problems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vicia faba, Malnutrition, Biofortification, Germplasm characterization, Minerals diversity

Teşekkür

The author pays his heartiest gratitude to Prof. Tolga Karaköy from the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey for continuous support while conducting field experimentation and also providing facilities to perform mineral analysis. The author pay his heartiest gratitude to Research Assitant. Yeter Çilesiz for supporting during the mineral analysis.

Türk Bakla Genetik Kaynaklarının Tohum Mineral İçeriği için Fenotipik Çeşitliliğin Araştırılması

Öz

Biyofortifikasyon; bitki ıslahı, transgenik teknikler veya agronomik uygulamalar yoluyla gıda ürünlerinin besin içeriklerinin iyileştirilmesi için sürdürülebilir bir yaklaşım olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Baklagiller, tüm dünyada milyonlarca insan için bitki bazlı proteinin birincil kaynağı olarak hizmet vermektedir. Bakla, insan sağlığı için faydalı yüksek oranda protein, mineral ve vitamin içeriğine sahip önemli bir baklagil bitkisidir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin 20 ilinden toplanan bakla genetik kaynaklarının tohum mineral profilini içermektedir. Araştırmada aynı şartlarda yetiştirilen bakla tohumlarının; azot (N) (% 5.19-7.52), fosfor (P) (0.102-0.668), potasyum (K) (0.63-2.46), kalsiyum (Ca) (0.50-0.64), magnezyum (Mg) (0.230-0.363), demir (Fe) (57.047-145.63), çinko (Zn) (28.76-90.10), bakır (Cu) (6.23-32.33) ve manganez (Mn) (12.93-45.37) bakımından önemli varyasyon gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Fe ve Zn içerikleri bakımından anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Fe ve Zn bakımından zenginleştirilmiş bakla çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesinde ebeveyn olarak kullanılabilecek materyaller tespit edilmiştir. Scatter plot analizi, Malatya3 ve Izmir3 yerel türlerinin Fe ve Zn içeriği bakımından zengin olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Temel bileşen analizi (PCA) sonucunda ilk beş temel bileşen varyasyonun %75.80’nini açıklamıştır. Takımyıldız grafiği, incelenen genetik kaynakları Fe içeriklerine göre iki popülasyona bölmüş ve B popülasyonunda bulunan yerel türlerin Fe ve Zn içerikleri bakımından zengin olduğunu göstermiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, bakla genetik kaynaklarının tohum mineral çeşitliliği aydınlatılmıştır. Yeni geliştirilecek bakla çeşitlerinin bazı mineral içerikleri biyolojik olarak zenginleştirilermek için çalışmada yer alan genetik kaynakların kullanılabileceği ön görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bakla, Yetersiz beslenme, Biyofortifikasyon, Germplazm karakterizasyonu, Mineral çeşitliliği

Kaynakça

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