THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES

Arif Esen Baykurt

doi:10.22252/ijca.1959375

TR EN

MODERNİST HEYKELDE FORM, MALZEME VE ANLAMIN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: 1900–1945 VE SONRASI ETKİLER

Öz

Heykel sanatı, tarihsel olarak insan bedeni, mitolojik anlatılar ve anıtsal temsil üzerine temellenmiş; ancak 20. yüzyıl başındaki Modernizm ile dönüşüm sürecine girmiştir. Bu makale, modernist heykelde form, malzeme ve anlamın 1900–1945 yılları arasında nasıl değiştiğini ve bu değişimlerin 1945 sonrası heykel pratiklerini nasıl etkilediğini incelemektedir. Literatür taramasına dayalı nitel sanat tarihi incelemesi olarak çalışma, Rodin, Brâncuși, Picasso, Boccioni, Gabo, Tatlin, Moore, Hepworth, Arp, Giacometti ve Duchamp’ın örnekleri üzerinden değerlendirme yapmaktadır. Makale, modernist heykelin yalnızca üslupsal değişim olarak değil; hareket, mekân, zaman, çevre, nesneleşme, malzeme, izleyici deneyimi ve nesne-mekân ilişkileri bağlamında yeniden tanımlanması gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Boccioni’nin manifestosu, MoMA katalogları, sanatçı yazıları, malzeme çalışmaları ve Krauss’un kuramsal çerçevesi bu okumayı desteklemektedir. Araştırma, seçilmiş 20 eserle sınırlı tutulmuştur; Calder, David Smith, Anthony Caro, Judd ve Morris örnekleri Minimalizm, kavramsal sanat ve postmodern çoğulculuk bağlamında 1945 sonrası etkileri izlemek için kullanılmaktadır. Makale, modernist heykeldeki dönüşüme karşılaştırmalı ve kapsamlı bir yorum sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Modern Heykel, Rodin, Picasso, Moore, Giacometti, Konstrüktivizm, Minimalizm., nesne-mekân ilişkileri

Destekleyen Kurum

Destekleyen kurum yok

Etik Beyan

Etik Raporu Gerelmez.

THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES

Öz

Sculpture, historically grounded in the human body, mythological narratives, and monumental representation, underwent a fundamental transformation with early twentieth-century Modernism. This article examines how form, material, and meaning changed in modernist sculpture between 1900 and 1945, and how these changes shaped post-1945 practices. Based on a qualitative art-historical literature review, the study evaluates selected examples by Rodin, Brâncuși, Picasso, Boccioni, Gabo, Tatlin, Moore, Hepworth, Arp, Giacometti, and Duchamp. It argues that modernist sculpture should be read not merely as stylistic change, but as a redefinition of movement, space, time, environment, objecthood, material, viewer experience, and object-space relations. Boccioni’s manifesto, MoMA catalogues, artist writings, material studies, and Krauss’s theoretical framework support this reading. The study is limited to 20 selected works, using Calder, David Smith, Anthony Caro, Judd, and Morris to trace post-1945 legacies in Minimalism, conceptual art, and postmodern pluralism. Through this scope, the article offers a comparative interpretation of modernist sculptural transformation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Modern Sculpture, Rodin, Picasso, Moore, Giacometti, Constructivism, Minimalism., Object–Space Relations

Destekleyen Kurum

MuafNo funding or supporting institution was received.

Etik Beyan

no ethics report required

Kaynakça

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Boccioni, U. (1965). Technical manifesto of Futurist sculpture (pp. 181–189). Art History Project. https://www.arthistoryproject.com/artists/umberto-boccioni/technical-manifesto-of-futurist-sculpture/
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Krauss, R. E. (1977). Passages in modern sculpture. Viking Press.
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Krauss, R. E. (1986). The originality of the avant-garde and other modernist myths. MIT Press.
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Figure 17. Created by the author based on the literature used in the article and selected artist examples.
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Table 1. Created by the author based on the literature used in the article and selected artist examples.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Plastik Sanatlar (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Arif Esen Baykurt ^*
0000-0002-1438-1276
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

25 Haziran 2026

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

26 Mayıs 2026

Kabul Tarihi

16 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.22252/ijca.1959375

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA25ZD39RE

APA

Baykurt, A. E. (2026). THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES. İnönü Üniversitesi Kültür ve Sanat Dergisi, 12(1), 259-271. https://doi.org/10.22252/ijca.1959375

AMA

1.Baykurt AE. THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES. IJCA. 2026;12(1):259-271. doi:10.22252/ijca.1959375

Chicago

Baykurt, Arif Esen. 2026. “THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES”. İnönü Üniversitesi Kültür ve Sanat Dergisi 12 (1): 259-71. https://doi.org/10.22252/ijca.1959375.

EndNote

Baykurt AE (01 Haziran 2026) THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES. İnönü Üniversitesi Kültür ve Sanat Dergisi 12 1 259–271.

IEEE

[1]A. E. Baykurt, “THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES”, IJCA, c. 12, sy 1, ss. 259–271, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.22252/ijca.1959375.

ISNAD

Baykurt, Arif Esen. “THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES”. İnönü Üniversitesi Kültür ve Sanat Dergisi 12/1 (01 Haziran 2026): 259-271. https://doi.org/10.22252/ijca.1959375.

JAMA

1.Baykurt AE. THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES. IJCA. 2026;12:259–271.

MLA

Baykurt, Arif Esen. “THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES”. İnönü Üniversitesi Kültür ve Sanat Dergisi, c. 12, sy 1, Haziran 2026, ss. 259-71, doi:10.22252/ijca.1959375.

Vancouver

1.Arif Esen Baykurt. THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES. IJCA. 01 Haziran 2026;12(1):259-71. doi:10.22252/ijca.1959375

MODERNİST HEYKELDE FORM, MALZEME VE ANLAMIN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: 1900–1945 VE SONRASI ETKİLER

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Etik Beyan

THE TRANSFORMATION OF FORM, MATERIAL, AND MEANING IN MODERNIST SCULPTURE: 1900–1945 AND POST-1945 LEGACIES

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Etik Beyan

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster