Physical fitness and BMI in Men's Vocational Sailing School

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 5, 1016 - 1024, 25.09.2024

Jamaludin Yusuf , Setya Rahayu , Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani , Taufiq Hidayah

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1503337

Öz

The maritime industry is known for its high physical demands. Students in maritime vocational programs, who will eventually work on ships, must have a good level of physical fitness to perform demanding tasks. Without adequate physical fitness, the risk of injury and fatigue increases, which can ultimately affect workplace safety and operational efficiency. This study aims to determine the Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical fitness levels of male students at SMK Baruna Pemalang. The research design uses a descriptive quantitative method to determine BMI and physical fitness levels. The test instruments are based on the Guidelines for the Nusantara Student Fitness Test from the Ministry of Youth and Sports of the Republic of Indonesia, with a validity of 0.471 and a reliability of 0.232. A sample of 61 male students was selected from a total population of 90 students. Data analysis in this study uses SPSS 26 to describe the BMI and physical fitness levels of the male students. The results indicate that the Body Mass Index of the students falls within the normal (healthy) range for a total of 35 students, while the average physical fitness level of the students is categorized as poor, with 46 students falling into this category. The findings of this study are expected to serve as baseline data for further research to improve the physical fitness levels of maritime vocational students.

Anahtar Kelimeler

body mass index, physical fitness, Sailing Vocational School students

Destekleyen Kurum

Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Universitas maarif NU Kebumen

Teşekkür

Diajeng Tyas Pinru Phytanza, Erick Burhaein

Kaynakça

• Andrade-Lara, K. E., Latorre-Román, P. Á., Párraga-Montilla, J. A., Pincay-Lozada, J. L., Cabrera-Linares, J. C., & Mayanquer-Lara, A. (2024). Association between physical condition and weight status in primary school students. Retos, 51, 888–894. [Crossref]
• Appau, M. W., Attakora-Amaniampong, E., & Anugwo, I. C. (2024). Nature of student housing in Ghana: drivers of physical health condition effects on students living with disability (SWD) in Purpose-Built university housing. Property Management, 42(4), 523–544. [Crossref]
• Arleiny, A., & Prastyanti, R. A. (2019). Optimalisasi Fitness For Duty Pelaut Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Pelaut. Infokes: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekam Medis Dan …, 9(1), 50–56.
• Ben Brahim, M., Sal-de-Rellán, A., Hernaiz-Sánchez, A., Yasin, H., & García-Valverde, A. (2023). The relationships between body mass index, reciprocal ponderal index, waist-to-height ratio, and fitness in young adult males. Frontiers in Psychology, 14.1250913. [Crossref]
• Boquete-Pumar, C., Álvarez-Salvago, F., Martínez-Amat, A., Molina-García, C., De Diego-Moreno, M., & Jiménez-García, J. D. (2023). Influence of Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness on Cognitive Domains among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Switzerland), 11(22). [PubMed]
• Burhaei̇n, E., Fadjeri̇, A., & Wi̇di̇yono, I. P. (2024). Application of Naive Bayes Algorithm for Physical Fitness Level Classification. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 7(1). 178-187. [Crossref]
• Burhaei̇n, E., & Riyan Jaya, S. (2024). The Influence of Imagery and Agility Training on Athletes Futsal Goalkeeper Reaction Time Metro City Senior High School. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 7(1). [CrossRef]
• CDC. (2021). Body Mass Index (BMI), Healthy Weight, Nutrition, and Physical Activity. In Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
• Cole, T. J., & Lobstein, T. (2012). Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatric Obesity, 7(4), 284–294. [PubMed]
• Di Maglie, A., Marsigliante, S., My, G., Colazzo, S., & Muscella, A. (2022). Effects of a physical activity intervention on schoolchildren fitness. Physiological Reports, 10(2). [PubMed]
• Guo, J., Wan, B., Zheng, S., Song, A., & Huang, W. (2022). A Teenager Physical Fitness Evaluation Model Based on 1D-CNN with LSTM and Wearable Running PPG Recordings. Biosensors, 12(4). [PubMed]
• Ha, A. S., Lonsdale, C., Lubans, D. R., & Ng, J. Y. Y. (2020). Increasing Students’ Activity in Physical Education: Results of the Self-determined Exercise and Learning for FITness Trial. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 52(3), 696–704. [PubMed]
• Huang, Z., Li, S., Lu, F., Tian, K., & Peng, L. (2023). Current situation and factors influencing physical fitness among adolescents aged 12 ∼ 15 in Shandong Province, China: A cross-sectional study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 36. [PubMed]
• Ilyas, M., Soemarko, D. S., Adi, N. P., Fitria, D. Y., Putra, M. I., & Kualasari, Y. (2021). Relatıonshıp between nutrıtıon ıntake and the fıtness of manufacturıng workers ın ındonesıa. Indonesian Journal of Public Health, 16(1). [CrossRef]
• Inaba, K., Hochi, Y., Iwaasa, T., & Mizuno, M. (2021). Relationships between the Psychological Safety, Job Resources, and Work Engagement of Fitness Club Employees. Juntendo Medical Journal, 67(4).1-7. [CrossRef]
• Indah, Y., Ansyar, D. I., Ibrahim, I. A., Suyuti, S., Hartini, D. A., & Dewi, N. U. (2021). Prediction model of balanced nutrition practices among university students in the covid-19 outbreak. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9, 1155–1160. [CrossRef]
• Ksajikyan, N., Aghababyan, H., & Sargsyan, M. (2024). Assessment of reactıvıty to the body under condıtıons of physıcal actıvıty ın students aged 17-20 yeARS. Georgian Medical News, 347(2), 54–58. [PubMed]
• Kubiyeva, S., Botagariev, T., Akhmetova, A., Tissen, P., Zhetimekov, E., Bobyreva, M., Mambetov, N., & Aralbaev, A. (2019). Specificity of physical development and physical preparation of schoolchildren of orenburg and aktobe cities. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 14(Proc5). [CrossRef]
• Kwon, J., & Kwon, Y. T. (2024). Factors Influencing the Subjective Health and Physical Fitness Perceptions of Korean Adolescents. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 53(4), 878–887. [CrossRef]
• Li, S., Cao, H., Liu, H., Hu, Y., & Liu, J. (2023). Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness index in Chinese college students: Results from a cross-sectional survey. American Journal of Human Biology, 35(5). [PubMed]
• Liu, B., Liu, X., Wang, Q., Yan, W., & Hao, M. (2022). Nutritional status, food consumption, lifestyle, and physical fitness in rural and urban elementary school children in Northeast China. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9. [PubMed]
• López, I. M. R., Martín-Matillas, M., Delgado-Fernández, M., Delgado-Rico, E., Folgoso, C. C., & Verdejo-García, A. (2021). Effect of increased physical activity on physical fitness in an overweight and/or obese group of adolescents. Sport TK, 10(1), 17–28. [CrossRef]
• Lu, Z., Mao, C., Tan, Y., Zhang, X., Li, Z., Zhang, L., Zhu, W., & Sun, Y. (2022). Trends in Physical Fitness and Nutritional Status among School-Aged Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Shaanxi, China—A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 14(15). [PubMed] Lv, W., Fu, J., Zhao, G., He, Z., Sun, S., Huang, T., Wang, R., Chen, D., & Chen, R. (2023). A cohort study of factors influencing the physical fitness of preschool children: a decision tree analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. [PubMed]
• Machado, E. A., Farinatti, P., Sicuro, F. L., Rodrigues, F., Bouskela, E., & Collett-Solberg, P. F. (2021). Daily physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, nutritional status, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation in school-age adolescents: A principal component analysis. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 15(3), 205–211. [PubMed]
• Martin, J., Lobo, J., De Jesus, J., Santos, M., Baltazar, S., Baltazar, J., & Miller, J. (2023). Selected Physical Fitness Efficiency in the Improvement of Students’ Body Mass Index in an Online Learning Environment. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(4), 926–937. [CrossRef]
• Mokmin, N. A. M., & Jamiat, N. (2021). The effectiveness of a virtual fitness trainer app in motivating and engaging students for fitness activity by applying motor learning theory. Education and Information Technologies, 26(2), 1847–1864. [CrossRef]
• Murphy, C., Takahashi, S., Bovaird, J., & Koehler, K. (2021). Relation of aerobic fitness, eating behavior and physical activity to body composition in college-age women: A path analysis. Journal of American College Health, 69(1), 30–37. [PubMed]
• Oukheda, M., Bouaouda, K., Mohtadi, K., Lebrazi, H., Derouiche, A., Kettani, A., Saile, R., & Taki, H. (2023). Association between nutritional status, body composition, and fitness level of adolescents in physical education in Casablanca, Morocco. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10. [PubMed]
• Özdemir, M. (2023). The Effect of School-Based Physical Activity on Body Composition and Body Mass Index as Indicators of Obesity. Int. J. Sports Eng. Biotech; 1(1): 25-28. [CrossRef]
• Patel, A. V, Friedenreich, C. M., Moore, S. C., Hayes, S. C., Silver, J. K., Campbell, K. L., Winters-Stone, K., Gerber, L. H., George, S. M., & Fulton, J. E. (2019). American College of Sports Medicine roundtable report on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cancer prevention and control. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 51(11), 2391. [PubMed]
• Phytanza, D. T. P., Burhaein, E., Lourenço, C. C. V., & Pavlovic, R. (2023). Physical activity based on manipulative exercise: how it affects the gross motor of children with autism for 12 years old? International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 6(2). [CrossRef]
• Rajabi, H., Sabouri, M., & Hatami, E. (2021). Associations between physical activity levels with nutritional status, physical fitness and biochemical indicators in older adults. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 45, 389–398. [PubMed]
• Rusdiana, A., Wiriawan, O., & Ronald, H. (2022). Panduan Tes Kebugaran Pelajar Nusantara (TKPN). Kementerian Pemuda Dan Olahraga Republik Indonesia.
• Saputra. (2022, September 9). Haornas 2022; Angka Kebugaran Masyarakat Masih Rendah, jadi PR Bersama. Shanti, D. H. (2021). Kebugaran Jasmani Pelajar Indonesia Rendah. Antaranews.Com.
• Sofianita, N. I., Khomsan, A., Setiawan, B., & Ekayanti, I. (2020). Identification of Balanced Nutrition in Indonesia Elementary School Curriculum. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 16, 71–72.
• Soon Kim, J., & Sung Lee, J. (2024). An Analysis of Influencing Factors of Regular Physical Activities between Fitness Participation Types: Focus on Bodybuilding and Yoga. American Journal of Health Behavior, 48(1), 134–144. [CrossRef]
• Syah, M. N. H., Asna, A. F., & Wahono, D. N. (2020). Nutrition balanced guideline: Irregular weight monitoring is associated with overweight-obesity in adolescents (high school students) at Bekasi. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 66, S137–S140. [PubMed]
• Thomas, E., Bianco, A., Tabacchi, G., da Silva, C. M., Loureiro, N., Basile, M., Giaccone, M., Sturm, D. J., Şahin, F. N., Güler, Ö., Gómez-López, M., Sánchez, G. F. L., Pajaujiene, S., Zuoziene, I. J., Rada, A., Alesi, M., & Palma, A. (2020). Effects of a physical activity intervention on physical fitness of schoolchildren: The enriched sport activity program. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5). [PubMed]
• Tong, Z., Kong, Z., Jia, X., Yu, J., Sun, T., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Spatial Heterogeneity and Regional Clustering of Factors Influencing Chinese Adolescents’ Physical Fitness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5). [PubMed]
• Wang, Q., Guo, H., Chen, S., Ma, J., & Kim, H. (2023). The Association of Body Mass Index and Fat Mass with Health-Related Physical Fitness among Chinese Schoolchildren: A Study Using a Predictive Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1). [PubMed]
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Mean Body Mass Index (BMI). Who.
• Xie, Q., Xiong, J., Mao, C., Niu, Z., Zhou, J., Gong, L., & Jiang, J. (2023). Association between body mass index and physical fitness index among secondary school students in Jiangxi Province. Chinese Journal of School Health, 44(8), 1216–1220. [CrossRef]
• Yip, K. man, Wong, S. W. S., So, H. kwan, Tso, W. W. Y., Siu, P. M. F., Wong, I. C. K., Yam, J. C., Kwan, M. Y. W., Lum, T. Y. S., Louie, L. H. T., Lee, A., Wong, W. H. S., & Ip, P. (2024). Physical Fitness and Body Mass Index Status of Hong Kong Primary Schoolchildren across the COVID-19 Pandemic, before and after School Closure. Journal of Pediatrics, 264. [PubMed]
• Yoo, J. J., & Lee, S. E. (2022). Factors influencing life satisfaction: Role of physical fitness, body satisfaction, and shopping. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 51(2), 90–102. [CrossRef]
• Zalal, A., Nugraheni, W., & Saleh, M. (2023). Dampak Penghapusan Mata Pelajaran PJOK Terhadap Kebugaran Siswa Kelas XII SMK. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 9(4). [CrossRef]
• Zhang, J., Gao, X., & Li, T. (2022). Comparison of physical fitness and physiological function of children and adolescents with different nutritional status in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. Chinese Journal of School Health, 43(6), 894–897. [CrossRef]
• Zhang, Y., Lai, Z., Qiu, A., Yu, H., Lin, J., Wei, W., & Chen, X. (2021). Association between nutritional status and indicators of physical fitness and physical capacity among primary and secondary school students in Xiamen/. Chinese Journal of School Health, 42(8), 1212–1215. [CrossRef]
• Zhang, Y., Xu, W. Y., Liu, R. Q., & Xu, S. J. (2021). Analysis of College Students’ Cognition upon PE Study and Their Physical Conditions during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era. 2021 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Educational Informatization, CSEI 2021, 89–93. [CrossRef]