Enhancing the Renewable Energy and GDP Share of Agriculture in Indonesia: Analysis of the Impacts on Agricultural Sector Employment

Öz

Renewable energy capacity, agricultural sector GDP, and agricultural employment in Indonesia experienced a downward trend from 1990 to 2019. This trend negatively impacts Indonesia’s target to utilize renewable energy as its energy source, employment in the agricultural sector, and the importance of agriculture to the Indonesian economy. Based on these issues, this research examined the impact of renewable energy usage and agricultural sector GDP on the employment rate of the agricultural sector by implementing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. According to empirical findings, total renewable energy supply improves agricultural sector employment in the short and long run; however, agricultural sector GDP improves employment only in the short run and negatively impacts the long run. It suggests that renewable energy has the potency to enhance agricultural employment. The use of renewable energy is expected to be a solution for the decrease in employment in the agricultural sector along with the GDP decrease. Governments can make sure that all funds allocated to an agroecological program or policy are used to increase agricultural renewable energy use. Renewable energy regulations should be assessed based on their ability to reduce pollution while also ensuring a reliable energy supply for the agricultural sector at an affordable price.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Renewable energy
• agricultural employment
• GDP
• ARDL

Endonezya'da Tarımın Yenilenebilir Enerji ve GSYİH Payının Artırılması: Tarım Sektörü İstihdamı Üzerindeki Etkilerin Analizi

Öz

Endonezya'da yenilenebilir enerji kapasitesi, tarım sektörü GSYİH ve tarım istihdamı 1990'dan 2019'a düşüş eğilimi yaşamıştır. Bu eğilim Endonezya'nın yenilenebilir enerjiyi enerji kaynağı olarak kullanma hedefini, tarım sektöründeki istihdamı ve Endonezya ekonomisi için tarımın önemini olumsuz etkiliyor. Bu konulara dayanarak, bu araştırma, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modelini uygulayarak yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı ve tarım sektörü GSYİH'sının tarım sektörünün istihdam oranı üzerindeki etkisini incelemiştir. Ampirik bulgulara göre, toplam yenilenebilir enerji arzı, kısa ve uzun dönemde tarım sektörü istihdamını iyileştirmektedir; ancak tarım sektörü GSYİH'si istihdamı yalnızca kısa vadede artırır ve uzun vadede olumsuz etkiler. Yenilenebilir enerjinin tarımsal istihdamı arttırma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu öne sürüyor. Yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının GSYİH azalması ile birlikte tarım sektöründeki istihdam azalmasına çözüm olması beklenmektedir. Hükümetler, tarımsal yenilenebilir enerji kullanımını artırmak için bir agroekolojik program veya politikaya tahsis edilen tüm fonların kullanılmasını sağlayabilir. Yenilenebilir enerji politikası, tarım sektörü için uygun fiyata güvenilir enerji arzını sağlarken kirliliği azaltma yeteneklerine göre değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yenilenebilir enerji
• tarımsal istihdam
• GSYİH
• ARDL

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