A change in housing prices affects both the real economy and the financial economy. This effect is primarily rooted in households' decisions to invest in housing as an asset or use it as a consumption good. Therefore, housing expenditure within the total expenditures of households also exerts an impact on the economy through the multiplier effect. Therefore, the housing market is a significant indicator in the economic and financial literature for analyzing the preferences of households regarding investment and consumption expenditures. Based on this, this study aims to estimate the dynamic correlation among the housing price index and the housing loan interest rate variables using monthly data from 2010:1 to 2023:05. To perform this estimation, the Wavelet coherence approach is used to conduct frequency analysis over time. Considering the results obtained from the analysis, it has been found that there is a dynamic strong correlation relationship among the variables between 2012 and 2013, and these variables have a dynamic positive correlation relationship during this time period. This finding is consistent with the studies in the literature on the relationship between interest rates and housing prices, as well as with the theory of interest rates and housing prices. Additionally, it indicates that monetary policies were effective during the years 2012-2013 and had an impact on the housing market. In the years 2014, 2020, and 2022, there is a dynamic strong correlation relationship among the variables; however, it has been concluded that there is a dynamic negative correlation relationship between housing prices and housing loan interest rate variables.
Adebayo, T. S. (2020). Revisiting the EKC hypothesis in an emerging market: an application of ARDL-based bounds and wavelet coherence approaches. SN Applied Sciences, 2(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03705-y
Ahn, K. U., & Park, C. S. (2016). Correlation between occupants and energy consumption. Energy and Buildings, 116, 420–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.010
Akkas, M. E., & Sayilgan, G. (2015). Konut fiyatlari ve konut kredisi faizi : Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi. 19. Finans Sempozyumu Çorum. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283644113_Konut_Fiyatlari_ve_Konut_Kredisi_Faizi_Toda-Yamamoto_Nedensellik_Testi
Akkay, R. C. (2021). The macroeconomic determinants of the housing prices in Turkey. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 58, 241–264. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.801319
Akpolat, A. G. (2020). Türkiye’ de konut fiyatları i le konut kredisi faiz oranları arasındaki asimetrik nedensellik ilişkisi : 2010 : 1 - 2020 : 3 aylık dönemi. Uluslararası Sosyal ve Ekonomik Çalışmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 67–83.
Anderes, M. (2023). Housing demand shocks and households’ balance sheets. Empirical Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-023-02435-5
Bilgili, F., Kassouri, Y., Kuşkaya, S., & Majok Garang, A. P. (2024). The dynamic nexus of oil price fluctuations and banking sector in China: A continuous wavelet analysis. Resources Policy, 88(September 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104449
Breeden, D. T. (1979). An intertemporal asset pricing model with stochastic consumption and investment opportunities. Journal of Financial Economics, 7, 265–296. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812701022_0003
Çalışkan, Ş., Karabacak, M., & Meçik, O. (2022). The analysis of the relationship between housing prices and ınterest rates in Turkey. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(1), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.24889/ifede.992109
Çetin, A. C. (2021). Türkiye’de konut fiyatlarına etki eden faktörlerin analizi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.31200/makuubd.846667
Chiu, K. C. (2023). A long short-term memory model for forecasting housing prices in Taiwan in the post-epidemic era through big data analytics. Asia Pacific Management Review, 2019(xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2023.08.002
Demary, M. (2010). The interplay between output, inflation, interest rates and house prices: İnternational evidence. Journal of Property Research, 27(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2010.499015
F.Sharpe, W. (1964). Capital asset prices: a theoryof market equilibrium under conditions of risk. The Journal of Finance, 3, 425–442.
Gabaix, X. (2015). Online Appendix for behavioral macroeconomics via sparse dynamic programming. In SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2705789
Goodhart, C., & Hofmann, B. (2008). House prices,money, credit and the macroeconomy (No. 888; Issue 888).
Gouhier T.C., Grinsted A., Simko V., (2021). R package biwavelet: Conduct univariate and bivariate wavelet analyses (Version 0.20.21). https://github.com/tgouhier/biwavelet
Iacoviello, M., & Neri, S. (2010). Housing market spillovers: Evidence from an estimated DSGE model. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2(2), 125–164. https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.2.2.125
Jiang, Y., Nie, H., & Yohanes, J. (2017). Co-movement of ASEAN stock markets : New evidence from wavelet and VMD-based copula tests. Economic Modelling, 64(January), 384–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2017.04.012
Kalmaz, D. B., & Kirikkaleli, D. (2019). Modeling CO 2 emissions in an emerging market: empirical finding from ARDL-based bounds and wavelet coherence approaches. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(5), 5210–5220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3920-z
Karadaş, H. A., & Salihoğlu, E. (2020). Seçili makroekonomik değişkenlerin konut fiyatlarina etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 16(1), 63–80.
Karakuş, R., & Öksüz, S. (2021). BİST gayrimenkul yatırım ortaklıkları endeksi ile konut fiyat endeksi, faiz oranı ve enflasyon ilişkisi: ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 751–764. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v9i2.1825
Kassouri, Y., Bilgili, F., & Kuşkaya, S. (2022). A wavelet-based model of world oil shocks interaction with CO2 emissions in the US. Environmental Science and Policy, 127(November 2021), 280–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2021.10.020
Kuriyama, N. (2016). Testing cointegration in quantile regressions with an application to the term structure of interest rates. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics, 20(2), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.1515/snde-2013-0107
Lachaux, J. P., Lutz, A., Rudrauf, D., Cosmelli, D., Le Van Quyen, M., Martinerie, J., & Varela, F. (2002). Estimating the time-course of coherence between single-trial brain signals: An introduction to wavelet coherence. Neurophysiologie Clinique, 32(3), 157–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0987-7053(02)00301-5
Lee, C., & Park, J. (2022). The time-varying effect of interest rates on housing prices. Land, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122296
Lintner, J. (1965). The valuation of risk assets and selection of risky investments in stock portfolios and capital budgets. In The Review of Economics and Statistics (Vol. 47, Issue 1, pp. 13–37).
Lo, A. W., Mamaysky, H., Wang, J., Journal, S., October, N., & Lo, A. W. (2004). Asset prices and trading volume under fixed transactions costs. Journal of Political Economy, 112(5), 1054–1090.
Ma, Q., Khan, Z., Chen, F., Murshed, M., Siqun, Y., & Kirikkaleli, D. (2023). Revisiting the nexus between house pricing and money demand: Power spectrum and wavelet coherence based approach. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 87, 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2021.03.001
Özçin, H. (2022). Türkiye’deki konut satışı ile TCMB politika faiz oranı ve konut fiyat endeksi arasındaki ilişkinin analizi. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(4), 523–533.
Pal, D., & Mitra, S. K. (2019). Oil price and automobile stock return co-movement : A wavelet coherence analysis. Economic Modelling, 76(July 2018), 172–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2018.07.028
Piazzesi, M., Schneider, M., & Tuzel, S. (2007). Housing, consumption and asset pricing. Journal of Financial Economics, 83(3), 531–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2006.01.006
Rhif, M., Abbes, A. Ben, Farah, I. R., Martínez, B., & Sang, Y. (2019). Wavelet transform application for/in non-stationary time-series analysis: A review. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 9(7), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9071345
Schulte, J. A. (2016). Wavelet analysis for non-stationary, nonlinear time series. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 23(4), 257–267. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-23-257-2016
Torrence, C., & P. Compo, G. (1998). Practical guide wavelet analysis. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 79(1), 61–78.
Wang, Y., Wei, M., Bashir, U., & Zhou, C. (2022). Geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty and global oil price volatility —an empirical study based on quantile causality nonparametric test and wavelet coherence. Energy Strategy Reviews, 41(April), 100851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2022.100851
Wong, J., Hui, E., & Seabrooke, W. (2003). The role of interest rates in influencing housing prices. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 9(3), 300–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/14445921.2003.11104145
Xiao, Z. (2009). Quantile cointegrating regression. Journal of Econometrics, 150(2), 248–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.12.005
Konut fiyatlarında meydana gelen bir değişim hem reel ekonomi hem de finansal ekonomi üzerinde etkili olmaktadır. Bu etkinin temelinde hane halkının varlık portföylerinde konutu yatırım harcaması veya tüketim malı olarak kullanmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, hane halkının toplam harcamaları içerisinde konut harcaması aynı zamanda çarpan kanalıyla ekonomi üzerinde etkili olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, konut piyasası iktisat ve finans literatüründe hane halkının yatırım ve tüketim harcamaları ile ilgili tercihlerini analizi için önemli bir göstergedir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada 2010:1-2023:05 yıllarına ait aylık veriler kullanılarak konut fiyatları endeksi ile konut kredisi faiz oranı değişkenleri arasındaki dinamik korelasyon tahmin edilmektedir. Bu tahmin yapılırken zaman boyutuna bağlı olarak frekans analizi yapılması amacıyla Dalgacık uyum yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Analizden elde edilen sonuçlar dikkate alındığında, 2012-2013 yılları arasında değişkenler arasında güçlü dinamik korelasyon ilişkisi olduğunu ve bu değişkenlerin bu zaman aralığında pozitif dinamik korelasyon ilişkisine sahip olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bu bulgu literatürde faiz oranı ve konut fiyatı ilişkisi ile ilgili olarak yapılan çalışmalarla ve faiz oranı-konut fiyatları teorisiylede parallel sonuçlar vermektedir. Ayrıca, 2012-2013 yıllarında para politikaların etkin olduğunu ve konut piyasası üzerinde etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir. 2014, 2020 ve 2022 yıllarında değişkenler arasında güçlü dinamik korelasyon ilişkisi bulunmakta, ancak konut fiyatı ile konut kredisi faiz oranı değişkenlerinin aralarında negatif dinamik korelasyon ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Adebayo, T. S. (2020). Revisiting the EKC hypothesis in an emerging market: an application of ARDL-based bounds and wavelet coherence approaches. SN Applied Sciences, 2(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03705-y
Ahn, K. U., & Park, C. S. (2016). Correlation between occupants and energy consumption. Energy and Buildings, 116, 420–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.010
Akkas, M. E., & Sayilgan, G. (2015). Konut fiyatlari ve konut kredisi faizi : Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi. 19. Finans Sempozyumu Çorum. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283644113_Konut_Fiyatlari_ve_Konut_Kredisi_Faizi_Toda-Yamamoto_Nedensellik_Testi
Akkay, R. C. (2021). The macroeconomic determinants of the housing prices in Turkey. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 58, 241–264. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.801319
Akpolat, A. G. (2020). Türkiye’ de konut fiyatları i le konut kredisi faiz oranları arasındaki asimetrik nedensellik ilişkisi : 2010 : 1 - 2020 : 3 aylık dönemi. Uluslararası Sosyal ve Ekonomik Çalışmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 67–83.
Anderes, M. (2023). Housing demand shocks and households’ balance sheets. Empirical Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-023-02435-5
Bilgili, F., Kassouri, Y., Kuşkaya, S., & Majok Garang, A. P. (2024). The dynamic nexus of oil price fluctuations and banking sector in China: A continuous wavelet analysis. Resources Policy, 88(September 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104449
Breeden, D. T. (1979). An intertemporal asset pricing model with stochastic consumption and investment opportunities. Journal of Financial Economics, 7, 265–296. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812701022_0003
Çalışkan, Ş., Karabacak, M., & Meçik, O. (2022). The analysis of the relationship between housing prices and ınterest rates in Turkey. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(1), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.24889/ifede.992109
Çetin, A. C. (2021). Türkiye’de konut fiyatlarına etki eden faktörlerin analizi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.31200/makuubd.846667
Chiu, K. C. (2023). A long short-term memory model for forecasting housing prices in Taiwan in the post-epidemic era through big data analytics. Asia Pacific Management Review, 2019(xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2023.08.002
Demary, M. (2010). The interplay between output, inflation, interest rates and house prices: İnternational evidence. Journal of Property Research, 27(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2010.499015
F.Sharpe, W. (1964). Capital asset prices: a theoryof market equilibrium under conditions of risk. The Journal of Finance, 3, 425–442.
Gabaix, X. (2015). Online Appendix for behavioral macroeconomics via sparse dynamic programming. In SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2705789
Goodhart, C., & Hofmann, B. (2008). House prices,money, credit and the macroeconomy (No. 888; Issue 888).
Gouhier T.C., Grinsted A., Simko V., (2021). R package biwavelet: Conduct univariate and bivariate wavelet analyses (Version 0.20.21). https://github.com/tgouhier/biwavelet
Iacoviello, M., & Neri, S. (2010). Housing market spillovers: Evidence from an estimated DSGE model. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2(2), 125–164. https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.2.2.125
Jiang, Y., Nie, H., & Yohanes, J. (2017). Co-movement of ASEAN stock markets : New evidence from wavelet and VMD-based copula tests. Economic Modelling, 64(January), 384–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2017.04.012
Kalmaz, D. B., & Kirikkaleli, D. (2019). Modeling CO 2 emissions in an emerging market: empirical finding from ARDL-based bounds and wavelet coherence approaches. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(5), 5210–5220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3920-z
Karadaş, H. A., & Salihoğlu, E. (2020). Seçili makroekonomik değişkenlerin konut fiyatlarina etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 16(1), 63–80.
Karakuş, R., & Öksüz, S. (2021). BİST gayrimenkul yatırım ortaklıkları endeksi ile konut fiyat endeksi, faiz oranı ve enflasyon ilişkisi: ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 751–764. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v9i2.1825
Kassouri, Y., Bilgili, F., & Kuşkaya, S. (2022). A wavelet-based model of world oil shocks interaction with CO2 emissions in the US. Environmental Science and Policy, 127(November 2021), 280–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2021.10.020
Kuriyama, N. (2016). Testing cointegration in quantile regressions with an application to the term structure of interest rates. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics, 20(2), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.1515/snde-2013-0107
Lachaux, J. P., Lutz, A., Rudrauf, D., Cosmelli, D., Le Van Quyen, M., Martinerie, J., & Varela, F. (2002). Estimating the time-course of coherence between single-trial brain signals: An introduction to wavelet coherence. Neurophysiologie Clinique, 32(3), 157–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0987-7053(02)00301-5
Lee, C., & Park, J. (2022). The time-varying effect of interest rates on housing prices. Land, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/land11122296
Lintner, J. (1965). The valuation of risk assets and selection of risky investments in stock portfolios and capital budgets. In The Review of Economics and Statistics (Vol. 47, Issue 1, pp. 13–37).
Lo, A. W., Mamaysky, H., Wang, J., Journal, S., October, N., & Lo, A. W. (2004). Asset prices and trading volume under fixed transactions costs. Journal of Political Economy, 112(5), 1054–1090.
Ma, Q., Khan, Z., Chen, F., Murshed, M., Siqun, Y., & Kirikkaleli, D. (2023). Revisiting the nexus between house pricing and money demand: Power spectrum and wavelet coherence based approach. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 87, 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2021.03.001
Özçin, H. (2022). Türkiye’deki konut satışı ile TCMB politika faiz oranı ve konut fiyat endeksi arasındaki ilişkinin analizi. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(4), 523–533.
Pal, D., & Mitra, S. K. (2019). Oil price and automobile stock return co-movement : A wavelet coherence analysis. Economic Modelling, 76(July 2018), 172–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2018.07.028
Piazzesi, M., Schneider, M., & Tuzel, S. (2007). Housing, consumption and asset pricing. Journal of Financial Economics, 83(3), 531–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2006.01.006
Rhif, M., Abbes, A. Ben, Farah, I. R., Martínez, B., & Sang, Y. (2019). Wavelet transform application for/in non-stationary time-series analysis: A review. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 9(7), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9071345
Schulte, J. A. (2016). Wavelet analysis for non-stationary, nonlinear time series. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 23(4), 257–267. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-23-257-2016
Torrence, C., & P. Compo, G. (1998). Practical guide wavelet analysis. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 79(1), 61–78.
Wang, Y., Wei, M., Bashir, U., & Zhou, C. (2022). Geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty and global oil price volatility —an empirical study based on quantile causality nonparametric test and wavelet coherence. Energy Strategy Reviews, 41(April), 100851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2022.100851
Wong, J., Hui, E., & Seabrooke, W. (2003). The role of interest rates in influencing housing prices. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 9(3), 300–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/14445921.2003.11104145
Xiao, Z. (2009). Quantile cointegrating regression. Journal of Econometrics, 150(2), 248–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2008.12.005
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
Zaman Serileri Analizi, Para Politikası, Makro İktisat (Diğer)