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Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 27 - 39, 22.12.2025

Romanus Peter Lyanda , Arthur Mngoma Omari

https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1723338
https://izlik.org/JA67TB64HM

Öz

A novel approach to modernizing power networks that can manage large amounts of renewable energy while remaining stable, effective, and sustainable is the concept of smart grids. The integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) into smart networks is examined in detail in this review study. The technical, financial, and regulatory problems that emerge in emerging nations are its focus. The VRE sources that are examined include biomass, hydropower, wind, and solar photovoltaics. Tanzania is used as a primary example in the analysis to demonstrate how adding VRE to the grid exacerbates voltage and frequency instability due to radial transmission networks, insufficient inertia, and inadequate grid infrastructure. We examine the ways in which important technologies, such as energy storage systems (ESS), grid-forming inverters, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), and AI-driven forecasting, might lessen intermittency and increase grid resilience.
Significant economic challenges are highlighted in the report, such as the high capital costs associated with transmission extension, storage deployment, and grid modernization, as well as regulatory obstacles such as antiquated system codes, misaligned tariffs, and unclear regulations for independent power producers. To optimize distributed energy resources (DERs) and enable real-time grid management, innovations in demand response (DR), virtual power plants (VPPs), and edge computing are essential. Tanzania's experience shows how urgent it is to invest in flexible reserves, change policies, and build cross-border links to meet its 2030 goal of 75% renewable power.
Prospects for the future highlight how block chain, quantum computing, and the Internet of Things will combine to decentralize energy management and hasten the shift to low-carbon systems. According to the review's findings, smart grids are essential to the global decarbonization process, especially in developing nations where they can replace outdated infrastructure to provide dependable, affordable, and sustainable electricity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Distributed energy resources (DERs) Energy storage systems Grid stability Renewable energy integration Smart grids Tanzania energy transition

Kaynakça

  • C.P. Ohanu, S.A. Rufai, U.C. Oluchi, A comprehensive review of recent developments in smart grid through renewable energy resources integration, Heliyon 10 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2024.E25705.
  • M. Khalid, Smart grids and renewable energy systems: Perspectives and grid integration challenges, Energy Strategy Reviews 51 (2024) 101299. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ESR.2024.101299.
  • A Guide to Smart Grids in 2025 - Action Services Group, (n.d.). https://actionservicesgroup.com/blog/a-guide-to-smart-grids-in-2025/ (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • The Role of Control Systems in Smart Grid Technology: Enhancing Renewable Energy. https://online-engineering.case.edu/blog/role-of-control-systems-in-smart-grid-technology (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • The Smart Grid and Renewable Energy - IEEE Innovation at Work. https://innovationatwork.ieee.org/smart-grid-transforming-renewable-energy/ (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • S. Ergun, A. Dik, R. Boukhanouf, S. Omer, Large-Scale Renewable Energy Integration: Tackling Technical Obstacles and Exploring Energy Storage Innovations, Sustainability 2025, Vol. 17, Page 1311. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU17031311.
  • Smart Grids Support the Energy Transition. Here’s How. https://www.ief.org/news/smart-grids-support-the-energy-transition-heres-how (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • Smart grids - IEA. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/electricity/smart-grids?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • V. Ethirajan, S.P. Mangaiyarkarasi, An in-depth survey of latest progress in smart grids: paving the way for a sustainable future through renewable energy resources, Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology 2025 12:1 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1186/S43067-025-00195-Z.
  • F.E. Abrahamsen, Y. Ai, M. Cheffena, Communication Technologies for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey.
  • H. Masrur, A. Sharifi, M.R. Islam, M.A. Hossain, T. Senjyu, Optimal and economic operation of microgrids to leverage resilience benefits during grid outages, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems 132 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJEPES.2021.107137.
  • Distributed Energy Resource Management Systems Grid Modernization NREL. https://www.nrel.gov/grid/distributed-energy-resource-management-systems (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • M. Adham, S. Keene, R.B. Bass, Distributed Energy Resources: A Systematic Literature Review, Energy Reports 13 (2025) 1980–1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EGYR.2025.01.026.
  • Africa Energy Insights - Tanzania - Steps to ensure Electricity reliability and resilience. https://africaenergyinsights.com/publications/article/short-term-measures-need-to-go-hand-in-hand-with-long-term-steps-to-ensure-electricity-reliability-and-resilience/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Energy Resource Guide - Tanzania - Renewable Energy. https://www.trade.gov/energy-resource-guide-tanzania-renewable-energy (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Executive summary – Renewables 2023 – Analysis - IEA. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2023/executive-summary (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • G. Rajendran, R. Raute, C. Caruana, A Comprehensive Review of Solar PV Integration with Smart-Grids: Challenges, Standards, and Grid Codes, Energies 2025, Vol. 18, Page 2221 18 (2025) 2221. https://doi.org/10.3390/EN18092221.
  • Energy storage - IEA. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/electricity/grid-scale-storage (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • AFD to Finance the First Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant in Tanzania and the Modernization of Electricity Network | AFD - Agence Française de Développement. https://www.afd.fr/en/actualites/communique-de-presse/tanzania-first-grid-connected-solar-photovoltaic-power-plant-and-modernization-electricity-network (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Integration of Renewable Energy in Tanzania - Norconsult. https://norconsult.com/projects/integration-of-renewable-energy-in-tanzania/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • eebionews_18_autumn_winter2022. https://www.eera-bioenergy.eu/wpcontent/uploads/2022/12/eebionews_18_autumn_winter2022.pdf (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • A. Arasto, D. Chiaramonti, J. Kiviluoma, E. Van Den Heuvel, L. Waldheim, K. Maniatis, K. Sipilä, Bioenergy’s role in balancing the electricity grid and providing storage options-an EU perspective, (2017).
  • E. Zigah, M. Barry, A. Creti, Are Mini-Grid Projects in Tanzania Financially Sustainable?, (2023) 233–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_10.
  • M. Jeuland, P. Babyenda, A. Beyene, G. Hinju, R. Mulwa, J. Phillips, S.A. Zewdie, Barriers to off-grid energy development: Evidence from a comparative survey of private sector energy service providers in Eastern Africa, Renew Energy 216 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119098.
  • A. Pueyo, S. Bawakyillenuo, H. Osiolo, DS Evidence Report No 190 Cost and Returns of Renewable Energy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comparison of Kenya and Ghana, (2016).
  • National Energy Compact for United Republic of Tanzania, (2019).
  • thedocs.worldbank.orgthedocs.worldbank.org (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Tanzania: $12.9 Billion to Strengthen Its Power Grid by 2030 - energynews. https://energynews.pro/en/tanzania-12-9-billion-to-strengthen-its-power-grid-by-2030/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Multiconsult, Clean Energy Transition in Tanzania Powering Sustainable Development, Dar es Salaam, 2022. https://www.norway.no/contentassets/00c56b3642e5429fbc917d5fa42ff869/clean-energy-transition-in-tanzania-report.pdf (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • F. Bariloche, 2 Renewables 2024 Global Status Report-Renewables in Energy Systems & Infrastructure Module Overview Electricity Grids Energy Storage Sector Coupling Challenges and Opportunities Science and Academia AEE-Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE-INTEC) Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW). https://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/gsr2024_SYSTEMS_module.pdf# (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • K.E. Rodby, M.L. Perry, F.R. Brushett, Assessing capacity loss remediation methods for asymmetric redox flow battery chemistries using levelized cost of storage, J Power Sources 506 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2021.230085.
  • The Energy Storage Logjam is Breaking: Sodium-sulfur Batteries Can Help. https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2024/sodium-sulfur-batteries/807811 (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Flywheel Energy Storage for Grid and Industrial Applications with Nova Spin – Torus. https://www.torus.co/torus-flywheel (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Demand response - IEA. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/energy-efficiency-and-demand/demand-response (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • W.L. Phillips, J. Chang, R. Charles, T. Lead, J. Beattie, T. Bialecki, P. Lee, D. Schmitt, D. Smith, 2024 Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering Pursuant to Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1252(e)(3) Staff Report Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 2024 Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering i-Acknowledgements Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Staff Team, (2024).
  • California now has 500 MW of demand-side resources. Here’s how they’re using them. https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/energy-storage/battery/california-now-has-500-mw-of-demand-side-resources-heres-how-theyre-using-them/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • FERC Order No. 2222 Explainer: Facilitating Participation in Electricity Markets by Distributed Energy Resources[i] | Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. https://www.ferc.gov/ferc-order-no-2222-explainer-facilitating-participation-electricity-markets-distributed-energy?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • Tripling virtual power plant capacity by 2030 could save $10B, meet 20% peak demand: DOE | Utility Dive. https://www.utilitydive.com/news/virtual-power-plant-vpp-doe-liftoff-tesla-voltus/693525/?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • A. R. Singh, R.S. Kumar, M. Bajaj, C.B. Khadse, I. Zaitsev, Machine learning-based energy management and power forecasting in grid-connected microgrids with multiple distributed energy sources, Sci Rep 14 (2024) 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41598-024-70336-3.
  • What is Self-Healing Grid Technology? | GE Vernova. https://www.gevernova.com/software/blog/what-self-healing-grid-technology (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • B. Kroposki, Introduction to Grid Forming Inverters: A Key to Transforming our Power Grid, 2024. https://docs.nrel.gov/docs/fy24osti/90256.pdf# (acc.June11, 2025).
  • G.B. Bhavana, R. Anand, J. Ramprabhakar, V.P. Meena, V.K. Jadoun, F. Benedetto, Applications of blockchain technology in peer-to-peer energy markets and green hydrogen supply chains: a topical review, Scientific Reports 2024 14:1 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72642-2.
  • (TANESCO x Odit-e) Low-voltage grid digitization software to optimize management and operation of electricity distribution | Digital Energy Facility. https://digital-energy.eu/en/projects/tanesco-x-odit-e-low-voltage-grid-digitization-software-optimize-management-and-operation (accessed June 11, 2025). Masdar and TANESCO to develop renewable projects in Tanzania. https://www.power-technology.com/news/masdar-tanesco-tanzania/?cf-view (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • TANESCO and Gridworks partner on Tanzania’s North East Grid transmission project | Enerdata. https://www.enerdata.net/publications/daily-energy-news/tanesco-and-gridworks-partner-tanzanias-north-east-grid-transmission-project.html (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Core Functions - Distribution. https://www.tanesco.co.tz/about-us/functions-distribution (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • T.A. Rajaperumal, C.C. Columbus, Transforming the electrical grid: the role of AI in advancing smart, sustainable, and secure energy systems, Energy Informatics 2025 8:1 8 (2025) 1–43. https://doi.org/10.1186/S42162-024-00461-W.
  • M.H. Alsharif, A. Jahid, A.H. Kelechi, R. Kannadasan, Green IoT: A Review and Future Research Directions, Symmetry 2023, Vol. 15, Page 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/SYM15030757.
  • Q.N. Minh, V.H. Nguyen, V.K. Quy, L.A. Ngoc, A. Chehri, G. Jeon, Edge Computing for IoT-Enabled Smart Grid: The Future of Energy, Energies 2022, Vol. 15, Page 6140. https://doi.org/10.3390/EN15176140.
  • A. Kumari, U.C. Sukharamwala, S. Tanwar, M.S. Raboaca, F. Alqahtani, A. Tolba, R. Sharma, I. Aschilean, T.C. Mihaltan, Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Transactive Energy Management Scheme for Smart Grid System, Sensors 2022, Vol. 22, Page 4826 https://doi.org/10.3390/S22134826.
  • Big Data Synchrophasor Analysis | Department of Energy. https://www.energy.gov/oe/big-data-synchrophasor-analysis (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • M.F. Guato Burgos, J. Morato, F.P. Vizcaino Imacaña, A Review of Smart Grid Anomaly Detection Approaches Pertaining to Artificial Intelligence, Applied Sciences 2024, Vol. 14, Page 1194. https://doi.org/10.3390/APP14031194.
  • J. Blenninger, D. Bucher, G. Cortiana, K. Ghosh, N. Mohseni, J. Nüßlein, C. O’Meara, D. Porawski, B. Wimmer, Quantum Optimization for the Future Energy Grid: Summary and Quantum Utility Prospects, (2024). https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.17495v1 (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • B. Goia, T. Cioara, I. Anghel, Virtual Power Plant Optimization in Smart Grids: A Narrative Review, Future Internet 2022, Vol. 14, Page 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/FI14050128.

Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 27 - 39, 22.12.2025

Romanus Peter Lyanda , Arthur Mngoma Omari

https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1723338
https://izlik.org/JA67TB64HM

Öz

A novel approach to modernizing power networks that can manage large amounts of renewable energy while remaining stable, effective, and sustainable is the concept of smart grids. The integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) into smart networks is examined in detail in this review study. The technical, financial, and regulatory problems that emerge in emerging nations are its focus. The VRE sources that are examined include biomass, hydropower, wind, and solar photovoltaics. Tanzania is used as a primary example in the analysis to demonstrate how adding VRE to the grid exacerbates voltage and frequency instability due to radial transmission networks, insufficient inertia, and inadequate grid infrastructure. We examine the ways in which important technologies, such as energy storage systems (ESS), grid-forming inverters, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), and AI-driven forecasting, might lessen intermittency and increase grid resilience.
Significant economic challenges are highlighted in the report, such as the high capital costs associated with transmission extension, storage deployment, and grid modernization, as well as regulatory obstacles such as antiquated system codes, misaligned tariffs, and unclear regulations for independent power producers. To optimize distributed energy resources (DERs) and enable real-time grid management, innovations in demand response (DR), virtual power plants (VPPs), and edge computing are essential. Tanzania's experience shows how urgent it is to invest in flexible reserves, change policies, and build cross-border links to meet its 2030 goal of 75% renewable power.
Prospects for the future highlight how block chain, quantum computing, and the Internet of Things will combine to decentralize energy management and hasten the shift to low-carbon systems. According to the review's findings, smart grids are essential to the global decarbonization process, especially in developing nations where they can replace outdated infrastructure to provide dependable, affordable, and sustainable electricity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Distributed energy resources (DERs) Energy storage systems Grid stability Renewable energy integration Smart grids Tanzania energy transition

Kaynakça

  • C.P. Ohanu, S.A. Rufai, U.C. Oluchi, A comprehensive review of recent developments in smart grid through renewable energy resources integration, Heliyon 10 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2024.E25705.
  • M. Khalid, Smart grids and renewable energy systems: Perspectives and grid integration challenges, Energy Strategy Reviews 51 (2024) 101299. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ESR.2024.101299.
  • A Guide to Smart Grids in 2025 - Action Services Group, (n.d.). https://actionservicesgroup.com/blog/a-guide-to-smart-grids-in-2025/ (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • The Role of Control Systems in Smart Grid Technology: Enhancing Renewable Energy. https://online-engineering.case.edu/blog/role-of-control-systems-in-smart-grid-technology (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • The Smart Grid and Renewable Energy - IEEE Innovation at Work. https://innovationatwork.ieee.org/smart-grid-transforming-renewable-energy/ (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • S. Ergun, A. Dik, R. Boukhanouf, S. Omer, Large-Scale Renewable Energy Integration: Tackling Technical Obstacles and Exploring Energy Storage Innovations, Sustainability 2025, Vol. 17, Page 1311. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU17031311.
  • Smart Grids Support the Energy Transition. Here’s How. https://www.ief.org/news/smart-grids-support-the-energy-transition-heres-how (accessed June 12, 2025).
  • Smart grids - IEA. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/electricity/smart-grids?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • V. Ethirajan, S.P. Mangaiyarkarasi, An in-depth survey of latest progress in smart grids: paving the way for a sustainable future through renewable energy resources, Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology 2025 12:1 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1186/S43067-025-00195-Z.
  • F.E. Abrahamsen, Y. Ai, M. Cheffena, Communication Technologies for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey.
  • H. Masrur, A. Sharifi, M.R. Islam, M.A. Hossain, T. Senjyu, Optimal and economic operation of microgrids to leverage resilience benefits during grid outages, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems 132 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJEPES.2021.107137.
  • Distributed Energy Resource Management Systems Grid Modernization NREL. https://www.nrel.gov/grid/distributed-energy-resource-management-systems (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • M. Adham, S. Keene, R.B. Bass, Distributed Energy Resources: A Systematic Literature Review, Energy Reports 13 (2025) 1980–1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EGYR.2025.01.026.
  • Africa Energy Insights - Tanzania - Steps to ensure Electricity reliability and resilience. https://africaenergyinsights.com/publications/article/short-term-measures-need-to-go-hand-in-hand-with-long-term-steps-to-ensure-electricity-reliability-and-resilience/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Energy Resource Guide - Tanzania - Renewable Energy. https://www.trade.gov/energy-resource-guide-tanzania-renewable-energy (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Executive summary – Renewables 2023 – Analysis - IEA. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2023/executive-summary (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • G. Rajendran, R. Raute, C. Caruana, A Comprehensive Review of Solar PV Integration with Smart-Grids: Challenges, Standards, and Grid Codes, Energies 2025, Vol. 18, Page 2221 18 (2025) 2221. https://doi.org/10.3390/EN18092221.
  • Energy storage - IEA. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/electricity/grid-scale-storage (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • AFD to Finance the First Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant in Tanzania and the Modernization of Electricity Network | AFD - Agence Française de Développement. https://www.afd.fr/en/actualites/communique-de-presse/tanzania-first-grid-connected-solar-photovoltaic-power-plant-and-modernization-electricity-network (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Integration of Renewable Energy in Tanzania - Norconsult. https://norconsult.com/projects/integration-of-renewable-energy-in-tanzania/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • eebionews_18_autumn_winter2022. https://www.eera-bioenergy.eu/wpcontent/uploads/2022/12/eebionews_18_autumn_winter2022.pdf (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • A. Arasto, D. Chiaramonti, J. Kiviluoma, E. Van Den Heuvel, L. Waldheim, K. Maniatis, K. Sipilä, Bioenergy’s role in balancing the electricity grid and providing storage options-an EU perspective, (2017).
  • E. Zigah, M. Barry, A. Creti, Are Mini-Grid Projects in Tanzania Financially Sustainable?, (2023) 233–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_10.
  • M. Jeuland, P. Babyenda, A. Beyene, G. Hinju, R. Mulwa, J. Phillips, S.A. Zewdie, Barriers to off-grid energy development: Evidence from a comparative survey of private sector energy service providers in Eastern Africa, Renew Energy 216 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119098.
  • A. Pueyo, S. Bawakyillenuo, H. Osiolo, DS Evidence Report No 190 Cost and Returns of Renewable Energy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comparison of Kenya and Ghana, (2016).
  • National Energy Compact for United Republic of Tanzania, (2019).
  • thedocs.worldbank.orgthedocs.worldbank.org (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Tanzania: $12.9 Billion to Strengthen Its Power Grid by 2030 - energynews. https://energynews.pro/en/tanzania-12-9-billion-to-strengthen-its-power-grid-by-2030/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Multiconsult, Clean Energy Transition in Tanzania Powering Sustainable Development, Dar es Salaam, 2022. https://www.norway.no/contentassets/00c56b3642e5429fbc917d5fa42ff869/clean-energy-transition-in-tanzania-report.pdf (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • F. Bariloche, 2 Renewables 2024 Global Status Report-Renewables in Energy Systems & Infrastructure Module Overview Electricity Grids Energy Storage Sector Coupling Challenges and Opportunities Science and Academia AEE-Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE-INTEC) Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW). https://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/gsr2024_SYSTEMS_module.pdf# (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • K.E. Rodby, M.L. Perry, F.R. Brushett, Assessing capacity loss remediation methods for asymmetric redox flow battery chemistries using levelized cost of storage, J Power Sources 506 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2021.230085.
  • The Energy Storage Logjam is Breaking: Sodium-sulfur Batteries Can Help. https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2024/sodium-sulfur-batteries/807811 (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Flywheel Energy Storage for Grid and Industrial Applications with Nova Spin – Torus. https://www.torus.co/torus-flywheel (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Demand response - IEA. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/energy-efficiency-and-demand/demand-response (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • W.L. Phillips, J. Chang, R. Charles, T. Lead, J. Beattie, T. Bialecki, P. Lee, D. Schmitt, D. Smith, 2024 Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering Pursuant to Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1252(e)(3) Staff Report Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 2024 Assessment of Demand Response and Advanced Metering i-Acknowledgements Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Staff Team, (2024).
  • California now has 500 MW of demand-side resources. Here’s how they’re using them. https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/energy-storage/battery/california-now-has-500-mw-of-demand-side-resources-heres-how-theyre-using-them/ (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • FERC Order No. 2222 Explainer: Facilitating Participation in Electricity Markets by Distributed Energy Resources[i] | Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. https://www.ferc.gov/ferc-order-no-2222-explainer-facilitating-participation-electricity-markets-distributed-energy?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • Tripling virtual power plant capacity by 2030 could save $10B, meet 20% peak demand: DOE | Utility Dive. https://www.utilitydive.com/news/virtual-power-plant-vpp-doe-liftoff-tesla-voltus/693525/?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed August 9, 2025).
  • A. R. Singh, R.S. Kumar, M. Bajaj, C.B. Khadse, I. Zaitsev, Machine learning-based energy management and power forecasting in grid-connected microgrids with multiple distributed energy sources, Sci Rep 14 (2024) 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1038/S41598-024-70336-3.
  • What is Self-Healing Grid Technology? | GE Vernova. https://www.gevernova.com/software/blog/what-self-healing-grid-technology (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • B. Kroposki, Introduction to Grid Forming Inverters: A Key to Transforming our Power Grid, 2024. https://docs.nrel.gov/docs/fy24osti/90256.pdf# (acc.June11, 2025).
  • G.B. Bhavana, R. Anand, J. Ramprabhakar, V.P. Meena, V.K. Jadoun, F. Benedetto, Applications of blockchain technology in peer-to-peer energy markets and green hydrogen supply chains: a topical review, Scientific Reports 2024 14:1 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72642-2.
  • (TANESCO x Odit-e) Low-voltage grid digitization software to optimize management and operation of electricity distribution | Digital Energy Facility. https://digital-energy.eu/en/projects/tanesco-x-odit-e-low-voltage-grid-digitization-software-optimize-management-and-operation (accessed June 11, 2025). Masdar and TANESCO to develop renewable projects in Tanzania. https://www.power-technology.com/news/masdar-tanesco-tanzania/?cf-view (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • TANESCO and Gridworks partner on Tanzania’s North East Grid transmission project | Enerdata. https://www.enerdata.net/publications/daily-energy-news/tanesco-and-gridworks-partner-tanzanias-north-east-grid-transmission-project.html (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • Core Functions - Distribution. https://www.tanesco.co.tz/about-us/functions-distribution (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • T.A. Rajaperumal, C.C. Columbus, Transforming the electrical grid: the role of AI in advancing smart, sustainable, and secure energy systems, Energy Informatics 2025 8:1 8 (2025) 1–43. https://doi.org/10.1186/S42162-024-00461-W.
  • M.H. Alsharif, A. Jahid, A.H. Kelechi, R. Kannadasan, Green IoT: A Review and Future Research Directions, Symmetry 2023, Vol. 15, Page 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/SYM15030757.
  • Q.N. Minh, V.H. Nguyen, V.K. Quy, L.A. Ngoc, A. Chehri, G. Jeon, Edge Computing for IoT-Enabled Smart Grid: The Future of Energy, Energies 2022, Vol. 15, Page 6140. https://doi.org/10.3390/EN15176140.
  • A. Kumari, U.C. Sukharamwala, S. Tanwar, M.S. Raboaca, F. Alqahtani, A. Tolba, R. Sharma, I. Aschilean, T.C. Mihaltan, Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Transactive Energy Management Scheme for Smart Grid System, Sensors 2022, Vol. 22, Page 4826 https://doi.org/10.3390/S22134826.
  • Big Data Synchrophasor Analysis | Department of Energy. https://www.energy.gov/oe/big-data-synchrophasor-analysis (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • M.F. Guato Burgos, J. Morato, F.P. Vizcaino Imacaña, A Review of Smart Grid Anomaly Detection Approaches Pertaining to Artificial Intelligence, Applied Sciences 2024, Vol. 14, Page 1194. https://doi.org/10.3390/APP14031194.
  • J. Blenninger, D. Bucher, G. Cortiana, K. Ghosh, N. Mohseni, J. Nüßlein, C. O’Meara, D. Porawski, B. Wimmer, Quantum Optimization for the Future Energy Grid: Summary and Quantum Utility Prospects, (2024). https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.17495v1 (accessed June 11, 2025).
  • B. Goia, T. Cioara, I. Anghel, Virtual Power Plant Optimization in Smart Grids: A Narrative Review, Future Internet 2022, Vol. 14, Page 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/FI14050128.
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Elektrik Enerjisi Depolama, Elektrik Enerjisi Taşıma, Şebeke ve Sistemleri, Fotovoltaik Güç Sistemleri, Güneş Enerjisi Sistemleri, Yenilenebilir Enerji Sistemleri
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Romanus Peter Lyanda 0009-0002-2740-0605

Arthur Mngoma Omari 0000-0003-0927-4238

Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 15 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1723338
IZ https://izlik.org/JA67TB64HM
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Lyanda, R. P., & Omari, A. M. (2025). Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies, 11(1), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1723338
AMA 1.Lyanda RP, Omari AM. Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies. 2025;11(1):27-39. doi:10.31593/ijeat.1723338
Chicago Lyanda, Romanus Peter, ve Arthur Mngoma Omari. 2025. “Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements”. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies 11 (1): 27-39. https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1723338.
EndNote Lyanda RP, Omari AM (01 Aralık 2025) Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies 11 1 27–39.
IEEE [1]R. P. Lyanda ve A. M. Omari, “Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements”, International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies, c. 11, sy 1, ss. 27–39, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.31593/ijeat.1723338.
ISNAD Lyanda, Romanus Peter - Omari, Arthur Mngoma. “Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements”. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies 11/1 (01 Aralık 2025): 27-39. https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1723338.
JAMA 1.Lyanda RP, Omari AM. Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies. 2025;11:27–39.
MLA Lyanda, Romanus Peter, ve Arthur Mngoma Omari. “Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements”. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies, c. 11, sy 1, Aralık 2025, ss. 27-39, doi:10.31593/ijeat.1723338.
Vancouver 1.Lyanda RP, Omari AM. Smart grids and renewable energy integration: challenges and technological advancements. International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies [Internet]. 01 Aralık 2025;11(1):27-39. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA67TB64HM