Risk Assessment In The Context of Human Factors In Aviation: An Analysis of The Five Most Deadly Cases

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 17, 107 - 119, 01.01.2026

Şebnem Tamer , Didem Rodoplu

Öz

Safety has been accepted as the primary element in all processes in the aviation sector. However, this issue does not ensure complete elimination of risks. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) defines safety as; “The situation in which risks associated with aviation activities, related to the operation of the aircraft or directly supporting the operation of the aircraft are reduced to an acceptable level and brought under control.” Humans stand out as the most fragile link at the center of this process. In this context, systematically addressing human errors is important for the risk management process. This study aims to contribute to the safety management system by conducting a risk assessment in the context of human factors in aviation. In this study, the five most fatal accidents in the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (BAAA) database were selected and analyzed in the context of human factors. Each case was analyzed based on the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) model developed by ICAO. This study aims to contribute to the safety management system by conducting risk assessment in the context of human factors in aviation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aviation Safety , Human Factors , Aircraft Accidents , Risk Management.

Havacılıkta İnsan Faktörleri Bağlaminda Risk Değerlendirmesi: En Ölümcül Beş Vaka Üzerine Bir Analiz

Öz

Havacılık sektöründe emniyet, bütün süreçlerde öncelikli unsur olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ancak, bu husus risklerin tamamen ortadan kaldırılmasını sağlayamamaktadır. Uluslararası Sivil Havacılık Örgütü (ICAO) emniyet tanımına; “Havacılık faaliyetleri ile ilişkili, hava aracının işletilmesine ilişkin veya hava aracının işletilmesini doğrudan destekleyen risklerin kabul edilebilir bir seviyeye düşürüldüğü ve kontrol altına alındığı durum.” şeklinde yer vermektedir. İnsan bu sürecin merkezinde yer alan en kırılgan halka olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, insan hatalarının dizgesel olarak ele alınması, risk yönetimi süreci için önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma ile havacılıkta insan faktörleri bağlamında risk değerlendirmesi yapılarak emniyet yönetim sistemine katkı sunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (BAAA) veri tabanında yer almakta olan en ölümcül beş kaza seçilerek insan faktörleri bağlamında analiz edilmiştir. Her bir vaka, ICAO tarafından geliştirilen Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) modeli temelinde analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile havacılıkta insan faktörleri bağlamında risk değerlendirmesi yapılarak emniyet yönetim sistemine katkı sunmak amaçlanmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Havacılık Emniyeti , İnsan Faktörleri , Uçak Kazaları , Risk Yönetimi

Kaynakça

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