Uluslararası Sözleşmeler Kapsamında Nükleer Kazalarda Hukuki Sorumluluk

Yıl 2025, Sayı: Advanced Online Publication, 73 - 87

Mutlu Yalvaç , Emine Tellioğlu

Öz

Tarih boyunca nükleer kazalar, bu teknolojinin potansiyel tehlikelerini çarpıcı biçimde gözler önüne sermiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, nükleer kazaları uluslararası sözleşmeler bağlamında incelemektir. İlk olarak, üçüncü şahıslara yönelik nükleer zararlardan doğan sorumluluğu düzenleyen Paris ve Viyana Sözleşmeleri gibi uluslararası anlaşmalar ele alınmaktadır. 1960 tarihli Paris Sözleşmesi ile 1963 tarihli Viyana Sözleşmesi, bu tür zararlar için hukuki sorumlulukları belirlemekte olup, 1988 yılında kabul edilen ortak bir protokolle genişletilmiştir. Çernobil ve Fukuşima Daiiçi nükleer kazaları bu çerçevede ele alınmakta; nedenleri, sonuçları ve uluslararası hukuk açısından değerlendirmeleri incelenmektedir. İki kaza arasındaki benzerlikler ve farklılıklar analiz edilmekte, bu olayların uluslararası sözleşmelere göre nasıl değerlendirilebileceği tartışılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu kazaların uluslararası hukuk üzerindeki etkileri ve önemi vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Paris Sözleşmesi , Viyana Sözleşmesi , Chernobyl , Fukushima , Nükleer

Legal Liability for Nuclear Accidents Under International Conventions

Öz

Throughout history, nuclear accidents have starkly illuminated the potential dangers of this technology. The aim of this study is to examine nuclear accidents in the context of international conventions. Initially, international agreements such as the Paris and Vienna Conventions, which regulate the liability from nuclear damage to third parties, are discussed. The 1960 Paris Convention and the 1963 Vienna Convention establish legal responsibilities for such damages and were expanded by a joint protocol adopted in 1988. The Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accidents are discussed within this framework, focusing on their causes, consequences, and evaluation in terms of international law. Similarities and differences between the two accidents are analyzed, and how these events can be assessed according to international conventions is examined. In conclusion, the impacts and significance of these accidents on international law are emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Paris Convention , Vienna Convention , Chernobyl , Fukushima , Nuclear

Etik Beyan

Etik izin gerektirmiyor.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Teşekkür

yok

Kaynakça

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