Herkes için Sağlık? Türkiye'de Sağlık Hizmetleri Kullanımında Eşitlik Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Öz

Sağlık hizmetleri kullanımında eşitsizlikler gelir temelli, mesleki veya bölgesel faktörlerden kaynaklanabilir. Bu eşitsizlikler, önlenebilir ve haksız nedenlerle sağlık hizmetlerinin kullanımını engellediğinde politika yapıcılar tarafından müdahale gerektirir. 2003 yılında başlatılan Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı bu nitelikte bir politika müdahalesi olarak kabul edilebilir. Bu program sağlık hizmetlerinin etkinliğini, verimliliğini ve eşitliğini sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Ancak bu politika değişikliğinden kaynaklanan refah düzeyinin analiz edilmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışma, literatürdeki bu boşluğa odaklanmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı’ndan sonra sağlık hizmetleri kullanımında eşitlik ilkesinin sağlanıp sağlanamadığını incelemektedir. Çalışmanın bu amacı için Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması veri seti analiz edilecektir. Probit modeli tahminlerinin sonuçları, Türkiye’de gelir temelli eşitsizliğe ek olarak sağlık hizmetleri kullanımında bölgesel eşitsizliğin de olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, belirli meslek grupları arasında eşitsizlik kanıtları gözlemlenmiştir. Türkiye’de sağlık hizmetlerinin kullanımındaki eşitsizleri gidermek için politikaların daha hassas bir şekilde uygulanması zorunludur. Sağlık politikalarının, özellikle gelir, servet ve istihdam politikaları ile desteklenmesi gerekir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık hizmetleri kullanımı
• eşitlik
• sağlıkta eşitsizlik

Health for All? A Study on Equity in Health Services Utilization in Turkey

Öz

Inequities in the utilization of health services may stem from income-related, occupational, or region-based factors. These inequities require intervention by policymakers when they prevent individuals from utilizing health services for avoidable and unjust reasons. The Health Transformation Program, initiated in 2003, can be regarded as a policy intervention of this nature. This program aims to enhance the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of health services. However, the level of prosperity resulting from this policy change still needs to be analyzed. This study addresses this gap in the literature. It examines whether the principle of equity in health service utilization has been achieved after the Health Transformation Program. For this purpose, data from the Turkey Health Survey were analyzed. The probit model estimates show that, in addition to income-related inequity, region-based inequities exist in health service utilization in Turkey. Furthermore, evidence of inequity was observed among specific occupational groups. In order to address inequities in the utilization of health services in Turkey, it is essential that policies are implemented with greater precision. It is especially important that health policies are supported by income, wealth, and employment policies..

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health services utilization
• equity
• inequity in health

Kaynakça

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