The Relationship Between Environmental Turbulence and Organizational Improvisation in Hospitals: The Moderator Role of Organizational Culture

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 244 - 266, 27.11.2024

Koray Kopuz , Emre İşci

https://doi.org/10.31201/ijhmt.1341608

Öz

Aim: In today's business environment, dynamism, uncertainty, and environmental turbulence are quite high. Organizational improvisation is seen as an effective mechanism for organizations operating in these environments to respond to demands from the environment. This study aims to examine the relationship between environmental turbulence and organizational improvisation, and also the moderator role of organizational culture (adhocracy, clan, hierarchy, and market culture).
Methods: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The data were collected from 487 lower, middle, and upper-level managers working in private hospitals in Istanbul. The disproportionate stratification method was used since hospitals are not homogeneous regarding technological and financial structure, size, and human resource quality. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 23 program through PROCESS macro.
Results: The results show a positive relationship between environmental turbulence and organizational improvisation. Also, adhocracy, clan, and market cultures moderate the environmental turbulence and organizational improvisation relationship. As these three organizational cultures increase, the effect of environmental turbulence on organizational improvisation weakens.
Conclusion: This study indicates that environmental turbulence is an effective factor in hospitals' organizational improvisation capability. Furthermore, the moderation analysis suggests that organizational culture may be an important mechanism underlying environmental turbulence and organizational improvisation relationship.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environmental Turbulence, Organizational Improvisation, Organizational Culture, Hospital Management, Organizational Theory

Kaynakça

• Akdeniz, B. (2018). An Analysis of the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Safety Culture in View of Occupatıonal Health and Safety: A Study at a Mining Enterprise. PhD dissertation, Dumlupınar University.
• Akgun, A.E., Byrne, J.C., Lynn, G.S. and Keskin, H. (2007). New Product Development in Turbulent Environments: Impact of Improvisation and Unlearning on New Product Performance, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 24(3), 203-230. doi: 10.1016/j.jengtecman.2007.05.008.
• AlNuaimi, B. K., Singh, S.K., Ren, S., Budhwar, P. and Vorobyev, D. (2022). Mastering Digital Transformation: The Nexus between Leadership, Agility, and Digital Strategy. Journal of Business Research, 145,636-648. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.038.
• Brinkerhoff, D.W. (2004). Accountability and Health Systems: Toward Conceptual Clarity and Policy Relevance. Health Policy and Planning, 19(6), 371-379. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czh052.
• Büyüköztürk, S. (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı [Data Analysis Handbook for Social Sciences] (7th Edition), Pegem publishing: Ankara
• Cameron, K.S. and Quinn, R.E. (2006). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework (2nd Edition), Jossey-Bass: San Francisco
• Crossan, M., Cunha, M.P.E.,Vera, D. and Cunha, J. (2005). Time and Organizational Improvisation. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 129-145. doi: 10.5465/amr.2005.15281441.
• Crossan, M.M. (1998). Improvisation in Action. Organization Science, 9(5), 593-599. doi: 10.1287/orsc.9.5.593.
• Cunha, M.P., Cunha, J.V. and Kamoche, K. (1999). Organizational Improvisation: What, When, How, and Why. International Journal of Management Reviews, 1(3), 299-341. doi: 10.1111/1468-2370.00017.
• Cunha, M.P.E. and Da Cunha, D.J. (2003). Organizational Improvisation and Change: Two Syntheses and a Filled Gap. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(2), 169-185. doi: 10.1108/09534810310468143.
• D'Aveni, R.A. (1995). Coping with Hypercompetition: Utilizing the New 7S's Framework. Academy of Management Perspectives, 9(3), 45-57. doi: 10.5465/ame.1995.9509210281.
• Deshpande, R. and Webster Jr, F.E. (1989). Organizational Culture and Marketing: Defining the Research Agenda. Journal of Marketing, 53(1), 3-15. doi: 10.1177/002224298905300102.
• Du, W.D., Wu, J., Liu, S. and Hackney, R.A. (2019). Effective Organizational Improvisation in Information Systems Development: Insights from the Tencent Messaging System Development. Information & Management, 56(4), 614-624. doi: 10.1016/j.im.2018.10.003.
• Emery, F.E. and Trist, E.L. (1965). The Causal Texture of Organizational Environments. Human Relations, 18(1), 21-32. doi:10.1177/001872676501800103.
• Gemici, E. (2019). The Relationship between Environmental Turbulence and Organizational Innovativeness: The Impact of Learning Orientation and High Performance Work. PhD dissertation, Yıldız Technical University.
• Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. and Anderson, R.E. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th Edition), Cengage: UK Hatch, M.J. and Cunliffe, A.L. (2013). Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic and Postmodern Perspectives (3rd Edition), University of Oxford Press: Oxford
• Hayes, A.F. (2022). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach (3rd Edition), Guilford publications: New York
• Hejazi, A. (2016). The Relationship between Managers' Cognitive Style and Leadership Type as Moderated by Organizational Culture. PhD dissertation, Regent University.
• Hina, S. M., Hassan, G., Parveen, M. and Arooj, S. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Firm Performance Through Organizational Learning: The Moderating Role of Environmental Turbulence. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 34(1), 77-104. doi: 10.1002/piq.21343.
• Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G.J. and Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations, Software of The Mind. Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival (3rd Edition), McGraw-Hill: London
• Kamoche, K., e Cunha, M.P. and da Cunha, J.V. (2003). Towards a Theory of Organizational Improvisation: Looking Beyond the Jazz Metaphor. Journal of Management Studies, 40(8), 22-2380. doi: 10.1046/j.1467-6486.2003.00410.x.
• Kaplan, M. (2020). The Effect of Dynamic Capabilities on Competitive Advantage and Environmental Turbulence: An Example of the Footwear Sector. PhD dissertation, Selçuk University.
• Keith, T. Z. (2019). Multiple Regression and Beyond: An Introduction to Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modelling (3rd Edition), Routledge: New York
• Kim, H. and Kim, J. (2015). A Cross-Level Study of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Affective Commitment in the Korean Local Governments: Mediating Role of Procedural Justice and Moderating Role of Culture Types Based on Competing Values Framework. Leadership, 11(2), 158-185. doi: 10.1177/1742715013514880.
• Kocel, T. (2018). İşletme yöneticiliği [Business Management] (18th Edition), Beta Press: Istanbul
• Kung, L. and Kung, H.J. (2019). Organization Improvisational Capability: Scale Development and Validation. ACM SIGMIS Database: The Database for Advances in Information Systems, 50(2), 94-110. doi: 10.1145/3330472.3330479.
• Lee, M. and Kim, H. (2017). Exploring the Organizational Culture's Moderating Role of Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Firm Performance: Focused on Corporate Contributions in Korea. Sustainability, 9(10), 1883. doi: 10.3390/su9101883.
• Levallet, N. and Chan, Y.E. 2013. The Role of Information Systems in Organizational Improvisation: A Perspective Based on Two Complementary Theories, Paper presented at the 19th Americas Conference on Information Systems, Chicago, August 15-17.
• Limon, I. and Dilekçi, U. (2020). Organizational Improvisation Capability of Schools: A Study of Scale Adaptation and Level Determination. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 10(4), 1147-1182. doi: 10.14527/pegegog.2020.035.
• Moorman, C. and Miner, A.S. (1998). The Convergence of Planning and Execution: Improvisation in New Product Development. Journal of Marketing, 62(3), 1-20. doi: 10.1177/002224299806200301.
• Morgan, R., Ensor, T. and Waters, H. (2016). Performance of Private Sector Health Care: Implications for Universal Health Coverage. The Lancet, 388(10044), 606-612. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00343-3.
• Ogbeibu, S., Pereira, V., Burgess, J., Gaskin, J., Emelifeonwu, J., Tarba, S.Y. and Arslan, A. (2021). Responsible Innovation in Organisations–Unpacking the Effects of Leader Trustworthiness and Organizational Culture on Employee Creativity. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1-31. doi: 10.1007/s10490-021-09784-8.
• Pavlou, P. A. and El Sawy, O.A. (2010). The 'Third Hand': IT-Enabled Competitive Advantage in Turbulence through Improvisational Capabilities. Information Systems Research, 21(3), 443-471. doi: 10.1287/isre.1100.0280.
• Rego, L., Brady, M., Leone, R., Roberts, J., Srivastava, C. and Srivastava, R. (2022). Brand Response to Environmental Turbulence: A Framework and Propositions for Resistance, Recovery and Reinvention. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 39(2), 583-602. doi: 10.1016/j.ijresmar.2021.10.006.
• Schein, E.H. (1990). Organizational Culture. American Psychological Association, 45(2), 109-119. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.45.2.109.
• Song, S., Hossin, M.A., Yin, X. and Hosain, M.S. (2021). Accelerating Green Innovation Performance from the Relations of Network Potential, Absorptive Capacity, and Environmental Turbulence. Sustainability, 13(14), 7765. doi: 10.3390/su13147765.
• Strese, S., Adams, D.R., Flatten, T.C. and Brettel, M. (2016). Corporate Culture and Absorptive Capacity: The Moderating Role of National Culture Dimensions on Innovation Management. International Business Review, 25(5), 1149-1168. doi: 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2016.02.002.
• Subudhi, R.N. and Mishra, S. (2022). Reinventing the Future of Work and Business in the COVID-19 Era: Challenges, Opportunities and the Path Ahead. In Future of Work and Business in Covid-19 Era, Edited by Subudhi, R. N., Mishra, S., Saleh, A. and Khezrimotlagh, D. Springer: Berlin
• Tabachnick, B.G. and Fidell, L.S. (2012). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th Edition), Pearson Education: Boston
• Teleş, M. (2022). Sağlık kavramı ve sağlık hizmetleri [The concept of health and health services] In Sağlık hizmetlerinde iletişim [Communication in healthcare], edited by Fuat Korkmazer and Erhan Ekingen. Gazi Kitabevi: Ankara
• Ülgen, H. and Mirze, S.K. (2018). İşletmelerde stratejik yönetim [Strategic management in businesses] (9th Edition), Beta Press: İstanbul
• Vera, D. and Crossan, M. (2004). Theatrical Improvisation: Lessons for Organizations. Organization Studies, 25(5), 727-749. doi: 10.1177/0170840604042412.
• Vera, D. and Crossan, M. (2005). Improvisation and Innovative Performance in Teams. Organization Science, 16(3), 203-224. doi: 10.1287/orsc.1050.0126.
• White, M.C., Crino, M.D. and Kedia, B.L. (1984). Environmental Turbulence: A Reappraisal of Emery and Trist. Administration & Society, 16(1), 97-116. doi: 10.1177/009539978401600106.
• Wilden, R. and Gudergan, S.P. (2015). The Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Operational Marketing and Technological Capabilities: Investigating The Role of Environmental Turbulence. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(2), 181-199. doi: 10.1007/s11747-014-0380-y.