Araştırma Makalesi

The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance

Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2 31 Aralık 2023
Atiye Bahar Mergen , Mücahit Yılmaz *, Ezman Karabulut , Fatih Ahmet Çelik
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International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications Kapak International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications
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The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance

Abstract

Archaeologically, the elements in the tooth enamel and their isotopes provide a lot of information about the related period, such as the way of life and nutrition culture. In this study, it was determined how the durability or brittleness of tooth enamel varies with the presence of H, C, N and S elements, which are mostly detected in tooth enamel, and their most stable isotopes, D (deuterium), 13C, 15N, 34S elements. These elements were moved inside and on the surface of the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal, which is the most abundant in tooth enamel and the cornerstone of enamel. At the end of the study, it was revealed that Nitrogen (N) and Sulphur (S) elements, especially Ca atoms that ensure the durability of the HAp crystal, and Oxygen atoms make bonds that prevent electronic charge sharing. In addition, this type of bonding (in geometries holding many Ca atoms) increase the fragility as the number of Ca-O bonds decrease. At the same time, such bindings create difficulties in determining the isotopes of the relevant elements. C bonding, on the other hand, provides a strong stretching action as it provides a double bond with the Oxygen atom, so the isotopic state of the carbon atom easily shows itself. The same situation was observed for element H and its isotope D. These findings better explain the brittleness of the teeth of ancient people, especially those who were fed marine life. Keywords: Carbon, Hydrogen, Hydroxyapatite, Nitrogen, Sulphur

Keywords

Carbon , Sulphur , Nitrogen , Hydrogen , Hydroxyapatite

Kaynakça

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  4. Federico L., Cipriani, A.; Capecchi, G., Ricci, S., Boschin, F., Boscato, P., Iacumin, P., Badino, F., Marcello A. Mannino, S.T., Richards, M. P., Benazzi, S., & Ronchitelli, A. (2019). Strontium and stable isotope evidence of human mobility strategies across the Last Glacial maximum in southern Italy. Nature Ecology & Evolution 3, 905–911.
  5. Faure, G., & Mensing, T. M. (2005). Principles and applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  6. Fry, B. (2006). Stable isotope ecology (Vol. 521, p. 318). New York: Springer.
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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Mühendislik

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

29 Aralık 2023

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

15 Mayıs 2023

Kabul Tarihi

4 Ağustos 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.46460/ijiea.1297247

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA92ZK45RB

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex
APA
Mergen, A. B., Yılmaz, M., Karabulut, E., & Çelik, F. A. (2023). The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications, 7(2), 170-174. https://doi.org/10.46460/ijiea.1297247
AMA
1.Mergen AB, Yılmaz M, Karabulut E, Çelik FA. The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance. ijiea, IJIEA. 2023;7(2):170-174. doi:10.46460/ijiea.1297247
Chicago
Mergen, Atiye Bahar, Mücahit Yılmaz, Ezman Karabulut, ve Fatih Ahmet Çelik. 2023. “The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance”. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications 7 (2): 170-74. https://doi.org/10.46460/ijiea.1297247.
EndNote
Mergen AB, Yılmaz M, Karabulut E, Çelik FA (01 Aralık 2023) The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications 7 2 170–174.
IEEE
[1]A. B. Mergen, M. Yılmaz, E. Karabulut, ve F. A. Çelik, “The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance”, ijiea, IJIEA, c. 7, sy 2, ss. 170–174, Ara. 2023, doi: 10.46460/ijiea.1297247.
ISNAD
Mergen, Atiye Bahar - Yılmaz, Mücahit - Karabulut, Ezman - Çelik, Fatih Ahmet. “The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance”. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications 7/2 (01 Aralık 2023): 170-174. https://doi.org/10.46460/ijiea.1297247.
JAMA
1.Mergen AB, Yılmaz M, Karabulut E, Çelik FA. The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance. ijiea, IJIEA. 2023;7:170–174.
MLA
Mergen, Atiye Bahar, vd. “The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance”. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications, c. 7, sy 2, Aralık 2023, ss. 170-4, doi:10.46460/ijiea.1297247.
Vancouver
1.Atiye Bahar Mergen, Mücahit Yılmaz, Ezman Karabulut, Fatih Ahmet Çelik. The Geometries of Stable Isotopes in Tooth Enamel and Their Radiation Cycles and Archaeological Significance. ijiea, IJIEA. 01 Aralık 2023;7(2):170-4. doi:10.46460/ijiea.1297247