mtDNA COI and Cyt b Analysis of Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Species Living in Atatürk Dam Lake (Turkey)

Öz

Today, biological invasion is one of the leading threats to biodiversity and is an issue that is gaining more and more importance. In recent years, molecular techniques have been widely used in the identification and monitoring of invasive species in many parts of the world. This study aimed to detect the infested species, Carassius auratus, in Atatürk Dam Lake and to reveal the population status. For these purposes, 10 Carassius auratus specimens were randomly selected from Atatürk Dam Lake. After DNA isolation of the selected samples, mtDNA COI and cyt b gene regions were sequenced and analyzed. In this study, sequence analyzes of individuals belonging to the C. auratus species living in Atatürk Dam Lake were performed for the first time using mtDNA COI and cyt b markers. Analyzed sequence results were compared with databases and it was concluded that the results obtained for both mtDNA markers were compatible. No other variation was observed. When the results are evaluated as a whole, it is possible to say that this species has spread recently. In future studies, it is recommended to determine the invasive species populations that are intensely found in Atatürk Dam Lake and other lakes and to determine the necessary strategies to combat these invasive species

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Invasive species
• Carassius auratus
• COI
• cyt b
• Atatürk Dam Lake

Kaynakça

1. 1. Dogac, E., et al., Mitochondrial genetic variations of an introduced freshwater fish, goldfish Carassius auratus at the frontier between Europe and Asia (western Anatolia, Turkey): proximity to Europe rather than East Asia? Mitochondrial DNA Part A: DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis, 2016. 27(6):4008-4014.
2. 2. Aktop, Y., Japon balığının (Carassius auratus L. 1758) büyümesi ve Gonad gelişimi üzerine çakşır otunun (Ferula elaeochytris K. 1947) etkisinin araştırılması. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2017.
3. 3. Alesci, A., et al., Mast cells in goldfish (Carassius auratus) gut: Immunohistochemical characterization. Acta Zoologica. 2022.
4. 4. Chen, Z., et al., De novo assembly of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) genome and the evolution of genes after whole-genome duplication. Science Advances, 2019. 5(6):1-12.
5. 5. Luo, J., et al., From asymmetrical to balanced genomic diversification during rediploidization: Subgenomic evolution in allotetraploid fish. Science Advances, 2020. 6(22):1-11.
6. 6. Wu, DS., Current situation and prospect of the standardization research and application of Laboratory red crucian carp. Laboratory Animal Science, 2016. 33(03):56–60.
7. 7. Innal, D., Distribution and impacts of Carassius species (Cyprinidae) in Turkey: a review. Management of Biological Invasions, 2011. (2):57-68.
8. 8. Bostanci, D., et al., Ordu ili iç sularında Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) türünün ilk kaydı ve türün Ulugöl Yaylası Göleti popülasyonuyla ilgili bazı veriler. Aquatic Research, 2021. 4(3):279-285.

9. 9. Oymak, S. A., Atatürk Baraj Gölü' nde yaşayan Chondrostoma regium (Heckel, 1843) un büyüme özellikleri. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 2000. 24(supp):41-50.
10. 10. Oymak, S. A., A Study on the Age, Growth and Reproduction of Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843) (Cyprinidae) in Atatürk Dam Lake (Euphrates River), Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2011. 11:217-225.
11. 11. Gozlan, R. E., et al., Current knowledge on non-native freshwater fish introductions. Journal of fish biology, 2010. 76(4):751-786.
12. 12. Mollot, G., Pantel, J. H., and Romanuk, T. N., Chapter Two - The Effects of Invasive Species on the Decline in Species Richness: A Global Meta-Analysis. Advances in Ecological Research, 2017. 56:61-83.
13. 13. Jackson, M. C., et al., Chapter Two - Novel and Disrupted Trophic Links Following Invasion in Freshwater Ecosystems. Advances in Ecological Research, 2017. 57:55-97.
14. 14. Ugurlu, S., and Polat, N., Samsun İli Tatli Su Kaynaklarinda Yaşayan Egzotik Balik Türleri. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 2007. 1(3):139-151.
15. 15. Leung, B., et al., An ounce of prevention or a pound of cure: bioeconomic risk analysis of invasive species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 2002. 269:2407-2413.
16. 16. Parmaksiz, A., et al., Phylogenetic analysis of Luciobarbus Heckel, 1843 and Barbus Cuvier & Cloquet, 1816 species in the Euphrates River (Turkey) based on mtDNA COI gene sequences. Aquatic Research, 2022. 5(2):129-135.
17. 17. Tarkan, A. S., et al., Are introduced gibel carp Carassius gibelio in Turkey more invasive in artificial than in natural waters? Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2012. 19:178–187.
18. 18. Erdem, Y., Samur, M., and Özdemir, S., İçsularda İstilaci Balik Türleriyle Mücadelede Seçici Avlama Yöntemlerinin Etkinliği. Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 2014. 29(2): 49-63.
19. 19. Darabi, A. R., et al., Investigation of Phylogenetic Relationship Among Two Barbus Species (Cyprinidae) Populations with Mitochondrial Dna Using Pcr-Sequencing. International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, 2015. 4(2):302-311.
20. 20. Parmaksiz, A., and Eskici, H. K., Genetic Variation of Yellow Barbell (Carasobarbus Luteus (Heckel, 1843)) From Four Populations Using Mitochondrial Dna Coi Gene Sequences. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2018. 16(2):1673-1682.
21. 21. Briolay, J., et al., Molecular phylogeny of Cyprinidae inferred from cytochrome b DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 1998. 9(1):100-108.
22. 22. Parmaksiz, A., and Seker, Ö., Genetic Diversity of the Endemic Species Shabbout (Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843)) Based on Partial Cytochrome B Sequences of Mitochondrial DNA. Aquatic Research, 1(3):103-109.
23. 23. Komiyama, T., et al., An evolutionary origin and selection process of goldfish. Gene, 430(1-2):5-11.
24. 24. Loh, W. K. W., et al., DNA barcoding of freshwater fishes and the development of a quantitative qPCR assay for the species-specific detection and quantification of fish larvae from plankton samples. Journal of Fish Biology, 2014. 85(2):307-328.
25. 25. Brandl, S., et al., Ten real-time PCR assays for detection of fish predation at the community level in the San Francisco Estuary-Delta. Molecular Ecology Resources, 2015. 15(2):278-284.
26. 26. Halas, D., Lovejoy, N., and Mandrak, N. E., Undetected diversity of goldfish (Carassius spp.) in North America. Aquatic Invasions, 2018. 13(2):211–219.
27. 27. Knytl, M., et al., Chromosome studies of European cyprinid fishes: cross-species painting reveals natural allotetraploid origin of a Carassius female with 206 chromosomes. Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 2013. 139(4):276-83.
28. 28. Rylková, K., et al., Phylogeny and biogeographic history of the cyprinid fish genus Carassius (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) with focus on natural and anthropogenic arrivals in Europe. Aquaculture, 2013. 380-383: 13-20.
29. 29. Türkmen, G., First record of the Guppy (Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859) in inlandwaters of Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2019. 36(4):397-400.
30. 30. Tarkan, A. S., et al., Circumstantial evidence of gibel carp, Carassius gibelio, reproductive competition exerted on native fish species in a mesotrophic reservoir. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2012. 19:167-177.