Domates Bitkisi, Besin İçeriği ve Sağlık Açısından Değerlendirmesi

Öz

Gıda arz temini yani beslenme ihtiyacı insanın yer kürede var olmasından bu yana en temel problemlerden biri olmuştur. Tarih boyunca sürekli tarım ve beslenmeye yönelik çalışmalar yapılmış ve açlık sorununa çözümler bulunmaya çalışılmıştır. Özellikle ikinci dünya savaşından sonra yapılan devrim niteliğinde ki çalışmalar bu ihtiyaca cevap bulmak için yapılmış ve o dönem için kısa vadeli çözümler bulunulmasını sağlamıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar neticesinde kullanılan kimyasal maddeler, savaşlar neticesinde günümüzün önemli problemlerinden olan ağır metal stresi ve çevresel kirlilik günümüzde halen tedavisi mümkün olmayan çeşitli kanser ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi problemlerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Yapılan
araştırmalar neticesinde bu problemler ile birlikte diyabetik hastalıklar, kalp krizi, inme gibi hastalıklar için kullanılabilecek tedaviler için zengin bir antioksidan kaynağı olan domates üzerinde çalışmaların daha da yoğunlaşmasına neden olmuştur. Likopenin anti-oksidatif ve anti kanser özelliklerinin keşfedilmesi ve domateste’de Likopenin bol miktarda bulunması, yüksek özdöllenme, melezmede, tozlaştırmada kolaylıklar bulunması ve özelliklede 2012 yılında genom çalışmaları tamamlanan domates bitkisi üzerinde birçok antioksidatif ve anti-kanser çareler bulmak için yapılan çalışmalarda ciddi oranda artış gözlendiği görülmüştür. Domatesin A ve C vitamini ile potasyum miktarı bakımından zengin olması domatesin kalori ve yağ oranının düşük olması ve kolesterol içermeyen lifli bir meyve olması da tercih edilebilirliğinin artıran başka bir neden olmuştur. Bu derlemede domates bitkisinin genel özellikleri ve üretim miktarları verildikten sonra besin içeriği ve sağlık üzerine etkilerine değinilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Domates
• Likopen
• anti-kanser
• antioksidan
• ß-karoten (beta karoten)

Tomato Plant, Evaluation in terms of Nutrient Content and Healthy

Öz

The supply of food has become one of the most fundamental problems since the need for nutrition has existed in the globe. Throughout history, continuous agriculture and nutritional studies have been carried out and trying to resolve the problem of hunger. Especially after the second world war, revolutionary works were made to answer this need and provided short-term solutions for that period. According to result of many studies; chemical substances used, heavy metal stress as a result of wars and environmental pollution, which are one of the most important problems of our day, caused problems such as various cancer and cardiovascular diseases which are still untreatable. As a result of the researches, the problems along with diabetic diseases, heart attack, and stroke like diseases can be treated by using antioxidants which are abundant in tomato plant and these led to further studies on the tomato as source of antioxidants. The discovery of the anti-oxidative and anti-cancer properties of lycopene and the high availability of lycopene in tomato, the high self-fertilization, hybridization, ease pollination of the crop and especially the studies of genome-wide tomato plants in 2012 seen that increased the rate to find many anti-oxidative and anti-cancer remedies.The fact that tomatoes are rich
in vitamin A and vitamin C; the calories and faty content of tomatoes are low and that they are a fiber-free fruit without cholesterol is another reason for increasing their preference. In this review, the characteristics and production amounts of tomato plants and their effects on nutrient content and health are given. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tomato
• Lycopene
• anti-cancer
• antioxidant
• ß-carotene (beta carotene)

Kaynakça

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