TÜRKİYE’DE DÖNGÜSEL GİRİŞİMLER: KEŞİFSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Dünya nüfusu çoğaldıkça ulusların lineer ekonomi anlayışını terk ederek, döngüsel bir ekonomi modeline geçiş yapmaları ihtiyacı artmaktadır. Bu yönde bir dönüşüm mevcut iş yapış biçimlerinin değişmesiyle olduğu kadar, yepyeni iş modellerinin kullanılmaya başlamasıyla da mümkün olacaktır. Uygulamada, döngüsel ekonomi anlayışıyla uyumlu bu yeni iş modellerinin hem mevcutta kurulu olan, hem de yeni kurulmuş işletmeler tarafından hayata geçirildiği görülmektedir. Bununla beraber, akademik çalışmalar çoğunlukla kurulu şirketlerin uygulamalarına odaklanagelmiştir. Bu yüzden yeni kurulan işletmelerin döngüsel uygulamalarının daha fazla incelenmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle keşifsel bir çalışma olarak tasarlanan bu araştırma Türkiye’deki yeni kurulan şirketlerin döngüsel stratejilerine ve iş modellerine odaklanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 47 firma mercek altına alınarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’de yeni kurulan döngüsel işletmelerin en çok Geri Dönüşüm stratejisini uyguladıkları görülmüştür. Bunu Yeniden Ele Alma stratejisi takip etmektedir. Bu şirketlerce uygulanan iş modellerine bakıldığında, en çok Ürünün Sonraki Hayatı- Kaynak Değerini Uzatmak ve Paylaşım Platformu iş modellerinin kullanıldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye’deki döngüsel işletmeler şu beş kategori altında toplanmaktadır: 1) Geri Dönüşüm Şirketleri, 2) Paylaşım Temelli Girişimler, 3) Geri Dönüştürülmüş Malzeme Kullanan Girişimler, 4) İkinci-el Pazaryeri Uygulamaları, 5) Atık Yönetim Platformları.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Circular Economy
• Entrepreneurship
• Start-up
• Circular Business Models
• Döngüsel Ekonomi
• Girişimcilik
• Yeni Girişim
• Döngüsel İş Modeli

CIRCULAR START-UPS IN TURKEY: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

Abstract

As world population grows, the need for the transition to a circular economy from a linear one is increasing. Such a transition can be made possible through the conversion of existing business models as well as introduction of new, circular ones. When it comes to application, circular business models can be adopted by both existing companies and start-ups. Among these two, academic research has traditionally focused more on existing companies. Therefore, more studies are needed on circular economy related activities of start-ups. As an exploratory study, this research analyses circularity strategies and circular business models used by start-ups within Turkey. The analysis is based on the data collected from 47 companies. As a result, it is found that most frequently used circularity strategy by circular start-ups in Turkey is Recyling, followed by Rethinking. As for circular business models used these companies, it is observed that Next Life- Extending Resource Value and Collaborative Consumption- Sharing Platform models are most popular ones. Also it is suggested that circular start-ups in Turkey can be categorised under five categories as 1) Recycling Companies, 2) Sharing Based Endeavors, 3) Recycled Material Users, 4) Second-Hand Product Marketplaces, 5) Waste Management Platforms

Keywords

• Circular Economy
• Entrepreneurship
• Start-up
• Circular Business Models
• Döngüsel Ekonomi
• Girişimcilik
• Yeni Girişim
• Döngüsel İş Modeli

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