GİRİŞİMCİLİĞİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİNİN KÓNYA NEDENSELLİK ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ: MIST ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Girişimcilik, ekonomik büyümenin itici güçlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmekte ve yenilikçilik, istihdam artışı ve rekabetçilik gibi unsurlar üzerinden ekonomilere katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma ile MIST ülkelerinde girişimciliğin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 1991-2021 yılları arasında ekonomik büyüme ile girişimcilik arasındaki ilişkiler Kónya Nedensellik Analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, ekonomik büyümenin girişimcilik faaliyetlerini teşvik ettiğini ve girişimciliğin yenilikçilik ve sermaye yatırımları yoluyla ekonomik büyümeye katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Çalışma, ekonomik yapıların bu ilişkide belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Yenilikçilik odaklı ekonomilerde girişimcilik büyümeyi daha fazla desteklerken, kaynak odaklı ekonomilerde bu etki daha sınırlı kalmaktadır. Güney Kore gibi yenilikçi ekonomilerde Ar-Ge ve tasarım faaliyetlerinin büyümeyi tetiklediği gözlemlenirken, Endonezya’da doğal kaynakların ön planda olması girişimcilik etkisini sınırlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, girişimciliğin ekonomik büyümeye olan katkısını artırmak için yenilikçilik ve girişimcilik politikalarının güçlendirilmesi gerektiğine dikkat çekmektedir. Özellikle Ar-Ge yatırımları, tasarım faaliyetleri ve sermaye oluşumuna destek olan politikalar, sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyüme için kritik bir rol oynamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kónya Nedensellik Analizi
• Girişimcilik
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• MIST Ülkeleri

EXAMINING THE EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON ECONOMIC GROWTH USING KÓNYA CAUSALITY ANALYSIS: THE CASE OF MIST COUNTRIES

Öz

Entrepreneurship is recognized as one of the drivers of economic growth, contributing to economies through factors such as innovation, employment growth and competitiveness. This study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth in MIST countries. The relationship between economic growth and entrepreneurship between 1991 and 2021 was analyzed using Kónya Causality Analysis. The results of the analysis show that economic growth encourages entrepreneurial activities and entrepreneurship contributes to economic growth through innovation and capital investment. The study reveals that economic structures are decisive in this relationship. While entrepreneurship supports growth more in innovation-oriented economies, this effect is more limited in resource-oriented economies. In innovative economies such as South Korea, R&D and design activities are observed to trigger growth, while in Indonesia the emphasis on natural resources limits the effect of entrepreneurship. This study highlights the need to strengthen innovation and entrepreneurship policies in order to increase the contribution of entrepreneurship to economic growth. Particularly, policies that support R&D investment, design activities and capital formation play a critical role in sustainable economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kónya Causality Analysis
• Entrepreneurship
• Economic Growth
• MIST Countries

Kaynakça

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