ÇEVRE KALİTESİ VE İNSANİ GELİŞME İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR NEDENSELLİK ANALİZİ

Öz

Çevre ve insan, sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın iki temel bileşenidir. Bu nedenle çevre kalitesi ile insani gelişme arasındaki ilişki son yıllarda çok sayıda araştırmanın odağında yer almıştır. Literatürdeki çalışmaların büyük bir bölümü, çevre kalitesinin insani gelişme üzerindeki etkisine odaklanmakta; özellikle sera gazı emisyonlarının yol açtığı çevresel bozulmanın yaşam kalitesi göstergeleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Buna karşın, insani gelişmenin çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkisini ele alan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Ayrıca mevcut araştırmalar genellikle iki değişken arasındaki etkileşimi yönsel olarak analiz etmekle birlikte, aralarındaki nedensellik ilişkisini kapsamlı biçimde ortaya koymamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çevre kalitesi ile insani gelişme arasındaki nedensellik yönünü ampirik olarak belirlemektir. Analiz, 2001–2021 döneminde Ekonomik İş Birliği ve Kalkınma Teşkilatı’na (OECD) üye 38 ülkeyi kapsamaktadır. Veriler, Yale Üniversitesi ve UNDP veri tabanlarından elde edilmiştir. Uygulanan Dumitrescu & Hurlin panel nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre, çevre kalitesi ve insani gelişme değişkenleri arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşmak isteyen ülkelerin çevresel ve insani boyutları birlikte ele alan, karşılıklı etkileşimi dikkate alan bütüncül politikalar geliştirmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevre Kalitesi
• İnsani Gelişme
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma

A CAUSALITY ANALYSIS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Öz

The environment and human beings are two fundamental components of sustainable development. Therefore, the relationship between environmental quality and human development has become the focus of numerous studies in recent years. Most of the existing literature examines the impact of environmental quality on human development, particularly analyzing how environmental degradation caused by greenhouse gas emissions affects indicators of quality of life. In contrast, studies investigating the effect of human development on environmental quality remain relatively limited. Moreover, while existing research has generally analyzed the directional interaction between these two variables, it has not comprehensively addressed the issue of causality between them. The aim of this study is to empirically determine the direction of causality between environmental quality and human development. The analysis covers 38 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) over the period 2001–2021. Data were obtained from the Yale University and UNDP databases. According to the results of the Dumitrescu & Hurlin panel causality test, there is a bidirectional causality relationship between environmental quality and human development variables. The findings suggest that countries aiming to achieve sustainable development goals should design integrated policies that simultaneously consider both environmental and human dimensions, taking into account their mutual interaction.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Environmental quality
• human development
• sustainable development

Kaynakça

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