YOKSULLUK, GELİR EŞİTSİZLİĞİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 654 - 674, 30.09.2024

Leyla Efeer , Ebru Topcu

https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.1430030

Öz

Gelir eşitsizliği ve yoksulluk ülkelerin temel problemleri arasında yer almaktadır. Her ülkenin temel makroekonomik hedeflerinin başında ekonomik büyümenin olduğu dikkate alındığında, gelir eşitsizliği ve yoksulluğun ekonomik büyümeyi nasıl etkilediğinin tespit edilmesi uygulanacak politikaların belirlenmesinde önemli bir husustur. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, OECD ülkelerinde gelir eşitsizliği, yoksulluk ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin 2004-2019 dönemini içeren verilerle Sabit etkili Driscoll-Kraay tahmincisi ile incelenmesidir. Çalışmada kullanılan verilerin elde edilebilirliğine bağlı olarak incelenen dönem 2004-2019 olarak sınırlandırılmıştır. Yoksulluk, gelir eşitsizliği ve ekonomik büyümeyi bilgimiz dahilinde Neo-Klasik Büyüme Modeli çerçevesinde ele alan başka bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmada sabit etkili Driscoll-Kraay tahmincisi kullanılmıştır. Bilgimiz dahilinde OECD ülkelerinde bu ilişki bu yöntem aracılığıyla inceleyen başka bir çalışma yoktur. Çalışmanın bu iki açıdan literatüre katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir. Elde edilen ampirik bulgular, gelir eşitsizliği ve yoksulluğun ekonomik büyüme üzerinde negatif bir etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. OECD ülkelerinde uygulanacak büyüme politikaları, gelir eşitsizliğinin ve yoksulluğunun azaltılmasına yönelik politika bileşenlerini de içermelidir. Diğer bir ifadeyle, yoksulluğu ve gelir eşitsizliğini azaltma stratejileri ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik eden politikalar ile birlikte ele alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yoksulluk, Gelir Eşitsizliği, Ekonomik Büyüme

POVERTY, INCOME INEQUALITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A REVIEW ON OECD COUNTRIES

Öz

Income inequality and poverty are among the main problems of countries. Considering that economic growth is at the forefront of each country's main macroeconomic goals, determining how income inequality and poverty affect economic growth is a crucial issue in specifying the policies to be implemented. In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the relationship between income inequality, poverty and economic growth in OECD countries with the data containing the 2004-2019 period using the Fixed-effect Driscoll-Kraay estimator. The period examined due to the obtainability of the data used in the study was limited as 2004-2019. There is no other study of poverty, income inequality and economic growth within the framework of the Neo-Classical Growth Model. In the study, a Fixed-Effect Driscoll-Kraay estimator was used. Within the scope of our knowledge, there is no other study examining this relationship through this method in OECD countries. It is thought that the study will contribute to the literature in these two respects. Empirical findings obtained show that income inequality and poverty have a negative effect on economic growth.Growth policies to be implemented in OECD countries should also include policy components aimed at reducing income inequality and poverty. In other words, strategies to reduce poverty and income inequality should be considered together with policies that promote economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Poverty, Income Inequality, Economic Growth

Kaynakça

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