ULUSLARARASILAŞMA-FİRMA PERFORMANSI İLİŞKİSİ: ÇOKULUSLU ŞIRKETLER İÇİN BİR META-ANALİZ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4, 896 - 926, 31.12.2024

Muhammed Fatih Aydemir , Değer Alper

https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.1458989

Öz

Günümüze kadar uluslararasılaşma ile firma performansı arasındaki ilişkiye yönelik birçok
çalışma yapılmıştır. Ancak, farklı bulgular nedeniyle literatürde henüz kesin bir görüş birliği oluşmamıştır.
Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, uluslararasılaşma ile firma performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi meta-analiz
ile incelemektir. Çalışmada, veri olarak yayınlanmış çalışmalar için SSCI ve Scopus veritabanlarından
elde edilen makaleler, yayımlanmamış çalışmalar için doktora tezleri kullanılmıştır. 170 örneklem ve
bu örneklemlerdeki 334.855 Çokuluslu Şirket (ÇUŞ) verisi rastgele etkiler modeli kullanılarak analiz
edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, uluslararasılaşma ile firma performansı arasında anlamlı, pozitif ve küçük
düzeyde birleşik etki büyüklüğüne ulaşılmıştır. Alt grup değişkenler olarak finansal kaldıraç, sektör, zaman
dilimi, araştırma-geliştirme (Ar-Ge) yoğunluğu, ana ülke etkileri ve firma yaşı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Buna karşın ilişkisiz ürün çeşitlendirme, firma büyüklüğü ve reklam yoğunluğu istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Bu doğrultuda birleşik etki büyüklüğünün daha yüksek olduğu alt grup
değişkenler olarak gelişmiş ülke ÇUŞ’ları, hizmet sektöründeki ÇUŞ’lar, daha yaşlı ÇUŞ’lar ve finansal
kaldıracın yüksek olduğu ÇUŞ’lar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, ÇUŞ’lar için birleşik etki
büyüklüğünün 2003 öncesine göre daha düşük olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararasılaşma, Firma performansı, Finansal Performans, Meta-Analiz, ÇUŞ’lar

Etik Beyan

Etik kurul izni ve/veya yasal/özel izin alınmasına gerek olmayan bu çalışmada araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur.

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION-FIRM PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP: A META-ANALYSIS FOR MNCs

Öz

Numerous studies have been conducted to examine the internationalization-firm performance
relationship. However, a definitive consensus has not yet emerged in the literature due to varying findings.
Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between internationalization and firm performance
through meta-analysis. The study analyzed data from 170 samples and 334,855 Multinational Companies
(MNCs) obtained from SSCI and Scopus databases for published studies, and doctoral theses for
unpublished studies, using the random effects model. The analysis revealed a significant, positive,
and small combined effect size between internationalization and firm performance. The study found
that financial leverage, sector, time period, research and development (R&D) intensity, home country
development, and firm age were statistically significant as subgroup variables. However, unrelated
product diversification, firm size, and advertising intensity were not statistically significant. It has been
determined that the subgroup variables with a higher combined effect size are developed country MNCs,
MNCs in the service sector, older MNCs, and MNCs with high financial leverage. It is also found that the
combined effect size for MNCs is lower than before 2003.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Internationalization, Firm Performance, Financial Performance, Meta-Analysis, MNCs

Etik Beyan

Research and publication ethics were followed in this study, which did not require ethics committee approval and/or legal/special permission.

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