Generalized Dynamic Codebook Design for Non-Coherent Short-Packet Communications: Radius Control and Placement of Complex-Conjugate Reciprocal Zero Pairs

Öz

Modulation on Conjugate-Reciprocal Zeros (MOCZ) is a non-coherent communication scheme designed for the reliable transmission of short data packets over unknown wireless multipath channels. Unlike traditional methods that require channel estimation or training sequences, MOCZ encodes information into the zeros of the transmitted signal’s z-transform, enabling the receiver to decode data without prior channel knowledge. To support multiple users, the Multi-User MOCZ (MU-MOCZ) scheme was introduced, employing time-division multiplexing (TDM). However, the use of a fixed codebook for all users in MU-MOCZ can degrade performance due to variations in channel zero distributions. This paper extends previous work by introducing a dynamic codebook design for MU-MOCZ. The design incorporates a rotation parameter into the angular positions of zero-pairs, allowing the transmitter to adjust the codebook to each user’s unique channel conditions and optimize performance. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in bit error rate (BER), throughput, and packet delivery ratio (PDR) compared to the fixed codebook MU-MOCZ scheme.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• MOCZ
• dynamic codebook
• Non-coherent
• Short Packet Communication
• z-transform

Kaynakça

1. [1] Huang, M. Lan, H. Zhang, C. Huang, W. Zhang and S. Cui, "Design of Noncoherent Communications: From Statistical Method to Machine Learning," in IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 76-83, February 2020.
2. [2] M. Liu, Z. Dong, H. H. Chen, H. Xu and Z. Liu, "Joint Design of Energy-Based Constellations for Two-User Noncoherent Massive SIMO Systems," 2023 IEEE 24th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), Shanghai, China, 2023.
3. [3] M. Kim, T. Jahani-Nezhad, S. Lit, R. F. Schaefer and G. Caire, "Short-Length Code Designs for Integrated Sensing and Communications Using Deep Learning," ICC 2024 - IEEE International Conference on Communications, Denver, CO, USA, 2024
4. [4] S. J. Nawaz, S. K. Sharma, B. Mansoor, M. N. Patwary and N. M. Khan, "Non-Coherent and Backscatter Communications: Enabling Ultra-Massive Connectivity in 6G Wireless Networks," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 38144-38186, 2021.
5. [5] S. T. Duong, H. H. Nguyen, E. Bedeer and R. Barton, "Design and Detection of Unitary Constellations in Non-Coherent SIMO Systems for Short Packet Communications," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 12873-12887, Oct. 2024.
6. [6] D. Cuevas, J. Álvarez-Vizoso, C. Beltrán, I. Santamaria, V. Tuček and G. Peters, "Constellations on the Sphere with Efficient Encoding-Decoding for Noncoherent Communications," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1886-1898, March 2024.
7. [7] J. Palacios, N. González-Prelcic, C. Mosquera and T. Shimizu, "A Dynamic Codebook Design for Analog Beamforming in MIMO LEO Satellite Communications," ICC 2022 - IEEE International Conference on Communications, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2022.
8. [8] M. J. Lopez-Morales, K. Chen-Hu, A. Garcia-Armada and O. A. Dobre, "Constellation Design for Multiuser Non-Coherent Massive SIMO Based on DMPSK Modulation," in IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 70, no. 12, pp. 8181-8195, Dec. 2022.

9. [9] H. Xie, W. Xu, W. Xiang, K. Shao and S. Xu, "Non-Coherent Massive SIMO Systems in ISI Channels: Constellation Design and Performance Analysis," in IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 2252-2263, Sept. 2019.
10. [10] P. Walk, P. Jung and B. Hassibi, "MOCZ for Blind Short-Packet Communication: Basic Principles," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 5080-5097, Nov. 2019.
11. [11] P. Walk, P. Jung, B. Hassibi and H. Jafarkhani, "MOCZ for Blind Short-Packet Communication: Practical Aspects," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 6675-6692, Oct. 2020.
12. [12] P. Walk and W. Xiao, "Multi-User MOCZ for Mobile Machine Type Communications," 2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Nanjing, China, 2021.
13. [13] T. Eren, “Non-Coherent Short-Packet Communications: Novel z-Domain User Multiplexing,” Digital Signal Processing, vol. 156, p. 104777, 2025.
14. [14] B. Fine and G. Rosenberger, The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. Springer Science & Business Media, 1997.
15. [15] M. Rajiv and U. Mitra, “Securing BMOCZ Signaling: A Two Layer Artificial Noise Injection Scheme,” in 2022 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC), 2022, pp. 1–5.
16. [16] A. A. Siddiqui, E. Bedeer, H. H. Nguyen, and R. Barton, “Spectrally Efficient Modulation on Conjugate-Reciprocal Zeros (SE-MOCZ) for Noncoherent Short Packet Communications,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 2226–2240, 2024.
17. [17] A. Şahin, "Over-the-Air Majority Vote Computation with Modulation on Conjugate-Reciprocal Zeros," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 17714-17726, Nov. 2024.
18. [18] Y. Sun, Y. Zhang, G. Dou, Y. Lu and Y. Song, "Noncoherent SIMO Transmission via MOCZ for Short Packet-Based Machine-Type Communications in Frequency-Selective Fading Environments," in IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 4, pp. 1544-1550, 2023.
19. [19] A. Akan and L. F. Chaparro, Signals and Systems using MATLAB. Elsevier Science, 2024.
20. [20] T. Eren, "Dynamic Codebook Design in Non-Coherent Short-Packet Communications Using Modulation on Conjugate-Reciprocal Zeros," 2024 8th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Smart Technologies (ISAS), İstanbul, Turkiye, 2024.