Araştırma Makalesi

DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control

Sayı: Advanced Online Publication Erken Görünüm Tarihi: 14 Temmuz 2026
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DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control

Öz

Active Queue Management (AQM) mechanisms are also used in TCP/IP networks to alleviate congestion, decrease queueing delay, and increase throughput. In related work, the BLUE Algorithm (Adaptive) is an AQM that controls congestion by adjusting the likelihood of dropping packets in response to network events. However, the performance of these solutions is heavily dependent on a set of fixed configuration parameters, resulting in limited adaptation to dynamic network conditions. To address this limitation, a Deep Reinforcement Learning-enhanced version of it, called BLUE (DRL-BLUE), is proposed in this paper, using the methodology of Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG). Unlike traditional methods, which fix parameter values at the beginning of the process, this contribution proposes a flexible approach for queue estimation and congestion responsiveness, enabling dynamic adjustments to the parameter wq (queue weight). Instead, the DDPG agent continues to learn adaptive control by interactively exploring the network environment over time, enabling the BLUE algorithm to configure itself to different traffic scenarios without any explicit traffic models. Our proposed framework is tested under low- and high-density network scenarios and compared with the classical BLUE algorithm in terms of throughput, delay, and packet loss ratio (PLR). Experimental results show that the proposed DRL-BLUE approach improves network performance in most evaluated scenarios. Figure 10 shows the throughput, packet loss ratio, and delay in a high-density scenario with 10 active senders; high density is defined as having more than 5 active senders competing to receive packets. The overall results show that the adaptive tuning queue weight parameter with DDPG enhances congestion control performance through higher throughput, lower packet losses, even in obstructed transmission attempts, and keeps low queueing delays when faced with changing data from network usages.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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  3. [3] W.-C. Feng, K. G. Shin, D. D. Kandlur, and D. Saha, “The BLUE Active Queue Management Algorithms,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 513–528, Aug. 2002.
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  5. [5] K. Nichols and V. Jacobson, “Controlling Queue Delay,” Communications of the ACM, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 42–50, Jul. 2012.
  6. [6] T. P. Lillicrap, J. J. Hunt, A. Pritzel, N. Heess, T. Erez, Y. Tassa, D. Silver, and D. Wierstra, “Continuous Control with Deep Reinforcement Learning,” arXiv:1509.02971, 2015.
  7. [7] R. S. Sutton and A. G. Barto, Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction, 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2018.
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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Yapay Zeka (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

14 Temmuz 2026

Yayımlanma Tarihi

-

Gönderilme Tarihi

27 Ekim 2025

Kabul Tarihi

29 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: Advanced Online Publication

Kaynak Göster

APA
Mohammed, S., Shwaish, M., & Hamid, M. (2026). DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, Advanced Online Publication, 57-63. https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP
AMA
1.Mohammed S, Shwaish M, Hamid M. DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control. IJMSIT. 2026;(Advanced Online Publication):57-63. https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP
Chicago
Mohammed, Sawsan, Mohanad Shwaish, ve Majid Hamid. 2026. “DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control”. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, sy Advanced Online Publication: 57-63. https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP.
EndNote
Mohammed S, Shwaish M, Hamid M (01 Temmuz 2026) DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies Advanced Online Publication 57–63.
IEEE
[1]S. Mohammed, M. Shwaish, ve M. Hamid, “DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control”, IJMSIT, sy Advanced Online Publication, ss. 57–63, Tem. 2026, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP
ISNAD
Mohammed, Sawsan - Shwaish, Mohanad - Hamid, Majid. “DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control”. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies. Advanced Online Publication (01 Temmuz 2026): 57-63. https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP.
JAMA
1.Mohammed S, Shwaish M, Hamid M. DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control. IJMSIT. 2026;:57–63.
MLA
Mohammed, Sawsan, vd. “DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control”. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, sy Advanced Online Publication, Temmuz 2026, ss. 57-63, https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP.
Vancouver
1.Sawsan Mohammed, Mohanad Shwaish, Majid Hamid. DDPG-Enhanced Integration of the BLUE Algorithm for Adaptive Active Queue Management and Congestion Control. IJMSIT [Internet]. 01 Temmuz 2026;(Advanced Online Publication):57-63. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA24UL94YP