Phrygian Marble in Rome

Abstract

The basic elements of the historical, cultural and geopolitical structure of a region are closely related with the geographical position of that region. Geography is the destiny of a country and it determines the geopolitical power of a nation. The geopolitical position of the states appears as a determinant factor in their historical role. Asia Minor is a unique land from which many civilizations emerged and confronted with each other. Phrygia, as one of the most important kingdoms of the first half of the 1st millennium B.C. was located in west-central Anatolia. By means of its geopolitical position, Phrygia created an important role for the civilization movement from the  East to  the West and left a lasting mark on this era. Phrygia, as a pioneer kingdom, led to the transition of the light in the East to the West. The art, mind and mythology of the East transferred to the West through the agency of Phrygia. The richness of Asia Minor has not only been a source of living for the residents of Asia Minor but it has also been a colonial target for the occupying forces. Roman Empire became one of the colonial powers that exploited the natural resources of Asia Minor. Marble is one the natural resorces that was obtained from Asia Minor by the Roman Empire. Marble is one of the precious stones that has been preferred in many different points of life and used as a construction item to show off by the upper- class. In this context, Phrygia, with its rich source of marble, was an indispensable region for the decoration of Rome. The Phrygian marble, called “pavonazetto” or  “Synnadic” was brought from around the Docimeion and Synnada regions in Phrygia and embedded in Roman monuments.

Keywords

• Phrygia,Marble,Rome,Pavonazetto

Roma'da Phryg Mermeri

Öz

Bir bölgenin tarihi, kültürel ve coğrafi yapısının temel unsurları, o bölgenin coğrafi konumu ile yakından ilgilidir. Coğrafya, bir ülkenin kaderidir ve bir ulusun jeopolitik gücünü belirler. Ülkelerin jeopolitik konumları, ülkelerin tarihsel rollerinde belirleyici faktör olarak karşımıza çıkar. Küçük Asya, pek çok medeniyetin ortaya çıktığı ve birbirleriyle karşılaştığı eşsiz bir coğrafyadır. Phrygia, M.Ö. Birinci Bin Yılın ilk yarısında Batı Anadolu’da ortaya çıkan önemli devletlerden birisidir. Phrygia, sahip olduğu coğrafi konum sayesinde Doğu’dan Batı’ya hareket eden medeniyet hareketinde önemli bir rol üstlenmiş ve bu döneme unutulmayacak bir iz bırakmıştır. Öncü bir krallık olarak ışığın Doğu’dan Batı’ya geçişinde önderlik etmiştir. Doğu’nun sanatı, zihinsel yapısı ve mitolojisi Batı’ya Phrygia aracılığıyla intikal etmiştir. Küçük Asya’nın zenginliği, içinde yaşayan halklara kaynak olmakla kalmayıp, işgalci güçleri cezbeden bir sömürge hedefi olmuştur. Roma İmparatorluğu da Küçük Asya’nın doğal kaynaklarını kendi çıkarları doğrultusunda kullanan sömürgeci güçlerden birisi olmuştur. Mermer, Roma’nın Küçük Asya’dan elde ettiği kaynaklardan birisidir. Hayatın pek çok noktasında değerli bir taş olarak kullanılan mermer,  üst sınıf insanlar tarafından da inşaat alanında bir böbürlenme aracı olarak kullanılır. Phrygia bu bağlamda zengin mermer kaynaklarıyla Roma’nın dekorasyonu için vazgeçilmez bir bölge olmuştur. “Pavonazetto ya da  Synnadic” adı verilen Phryg mermerleri Phrygia’nın Docimeion and Synnada bölgelerinden getirilmiş ve Roma anıtlarında yerini almıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Phrygia,Pavonazetto,Mermer,Roma,Pavonazetto

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