Chemical constituents of the essential oil isolated from seed of black pepper, Piper nigrum L., (Piperaceae)

Abstract

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a flowering plant from family Piperaceae. In this research, chemical analysis of the essential oil isolated from this important tropical medicinal plant was performed. For this, seed of this plant was provided, dried under shadow (25 °C), powdered, it’s essential oil isolated by Clevenger apparatus, and analyzed by Gas Chromatography related to Mass Spectroscopy device (Agilent 7890). The results showed that there were valuable compounds in its essential oil, total numbers of them reach to 89. Total identification time was estimated to be 38.143 min. Also, nineteen compounds contained more than 1% of total volume; among them, trans-caryophyllene bicyclo (peak 44, 19.512 min, 36.43%), L-limonene cyclohexene (peak 13, 7.193 min, 6.75%), 3-carene (peak 9, 6.838 min, 4.97%), cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(5-methyl) (peak 60, 22.081 min, 4.93%), and 2-beta-pinene bicyclo (peak 5, 6.220 min, 4.18%) were five dominant constituents, respectively. Moreover, thirty-seven compounds contained lower and equal with 0.1% of total volume and named as the least constituents. In conclusion, this medicinal plant has important secondary compounds which could seriously be focused on them in medical, pharmacology, and toxicology.

Keywords

• Analysis
• Black pepper
• Constituent
• Volatile compound

Kaynakça

1. Asadi, M., Rafiee-Dastjerdi, H., Nouri-Ganbalani, G., Naseri, B., Hassanpour, M., 2018. The effects of plant essential oils on the functional response of Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to its host. Invertebrate Survival Journal, 15, 169-182.
2. Asadi, M., Rafiee-Dastjerdi, H., Nouri-Ganbalani, G., Naseri, B., Hassanpour, M., 2019. Insecticidal activity of the isolated essential oils from three medicinal plants on the biological control agent, Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Acta Biologica Szegedensis, 63(1), 63-68.
3. Bagheri, H., Bin-Abdul Manap, M.Y., Solati, Z., 2014. Antioxidant activity of Piper nigrum L. essential oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction and hydro-distillation. Talanta, 121, 220-228.
4. Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., Idomar, M., 2008. Biological effects of essential oils. Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 46, 446-475.
5. Babaee Ghaghelestany, A., Alebrahim, M.T., Asadi, M., 2020. Chemical analysis and identifying dominant essential oils compositions from sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Food Science and Technology, 17(101), 155-165.
6. Dini, M., 2005. Medicinal plants used in traditional medical. Publications of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Organization, Tehran, Iran.
7. Govindarajan, V.S., 1980. Pepper chemistry, technology and quality evaluation. Critical Review of Food Science and Nutrition, 9, 115-225.
8. Isman, M.B., 2000. Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection, 19, 603-608.

9. Isman, M.B., Wilson, J.A., Bradbury, F., 2008. Insecticidal activities of commercial rosemary oils (Rosmarinus officinalis) against larvae of Pseudaletia unipunctata and Trichoplusia ni in relation to their chemical compositions. Pharmaceutical Biology, 46(1-2), 82-87.
10. Jaramillo, M., Manos, A., 2001. Phylogeny and patterns of floral diversity in the genus Piper (Piperaceae). American Journal of Botany, 88 (4), 706-716.
11. Jeena, K., Liju, V.B., Umadevi, N.P., Kuttan, R., 2014. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of black pepper essential oil (Piper nigrum Linn). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17(1), 1-12.
12. Morshed, S., Hossain, M.D., Ahmad, M., Junayed, M., 2017. Physicochemical characteristics of essential oil of black pepper (Piper nigrum) cultivated in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Journal of Food Quality, 4(3), 66-69.
13. Negahban, M., Moharramipour, S., Sefidkon, F., 2007. Fumigant toxicity of essential oil from Artemisia sieberi Besser against three insects. Journal of Stored Product Resarch, 43, 123-128.
14. Nirmala Menon, A. 2000. The aromatic compounds of pepper. Journal of Medicnal and Aromatic Plant Science, 22, 185-190.
15. Rafiee-Dastjerdi, H., Khorrami, F., Razmjou, J., Esmaielpour, B., Golizadeh, A., Hassanpour, M., 2013. The efficacy of some medicinal plant extracts and essential oils against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Crop Protection, 2(1), 93-99.
16. Samsam Shariat, S.H., 2007. Extraction and extraction of active plant substances. Mani Publications, Tehran, Iran.
17. Sasidharan, I., Menon, A.N., 2010. Comparative chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of berry and leaf essential oils of Piper nigrum L. International Journal of Biological and Medical Research, 1(4), 215-218.
18. Singh, S., Kapoor, I.P.S., Singh, G., Schuff, C., De Lampasona, M.P., Catalan, C.A.N., 2013. Chemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) essential oil and oleoresins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 83, 357-366.
19. Shiva Parsia, A., Valizadegan, O., 2015. Fumigant toxicity and repellent effect of three Iranian eucalyptus species against the lesser grain beetle, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Col.: Bostrychidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 3(2), 198-202.
20. Sumathykutty, M.A., Rao, J.M., Padmakumari, K.P., Narayanan, C.S., 1999. Essential oil constituents of some Piper species. Flavor and Fragrance Journal, 14(5), 279-282.