Feasibility and Optimal Reliable Design of Renewable Hybrid Energy System for Rural Electrification in Iran

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 574 - 582, 01.12.2012

Farshid Mostofi Hossein Shayeghi

Öz

A hybrid hydro/wind/photovoltaic base on hydrogen storage system is designed to supply power demand. The aim of the optimization problem is minimization of net present cost of the hybrid system to reliable supply of the demand. The system is investigated in the north west of Iran (Meshkinshahr) and the local data is applied. About 12 villages (corresponding to 680 people) are found in the upper Blue Qarahsou river gorge and far remote areas, which makes the task of their electrification via grid system very difficult. The hydro potentials are analyzed with the help of GIS data of Iran. Meteorological data from renewable energy organization (SUNA) of Iran and other sources, such as NASA, is used for the estimation of solar and wind energy potentials. In this paper, hydro/PV/wind/ fuel cell hybrid system is compared with above system without hydro unit. An advanced variation of genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to solve the optimization problem. The developed algorithm is compared with HOMER software and the results show that GA accuracy is better than HOMER software. Result reveals the effects of components outages on the reliability and cost of the proposed hybrid system. Thus, they are directly dependent on component’s reliabilities, i.e. Outages result need for a larger generating system for supplying the load with the acceptable reliability. Different system types and their component sizes are identified having a cost of energy less than 0.3 $/KWh.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Feasibility; Hybrid; Optimization; Reliability; Genetic Algorithm; HOMER software

Kaynakça

• J. Kenfack, F.P.Neirac, T.Tatietse, D.Mayer ,M. d.Fogue, A.Lejeune. “Microhydro-PV hybrid system: Sizing a small hydro-PV-hybrid system for rural electrification in developing countries”, Renewable Energy 34 (2009) 2263
• G. Bekele, B. Palm, “Wind energy potential assessment at four typical locations in Ethiopia”, Applied Energy ; 86(3):388-96
• R. Luna-Rubio, M. Trejo-Perea, D. Vargas-Va´zquez, G.J. Rios-Moreno. “Optimal sizing of renewable hybrids energy systems”, A review of methodologies, Solar Energy 86 (2012) 1077-1088
• S. Diaf, “Design and techno-economical optimization for hybrid PV/wind system under various meteorological conditions”, Applied Energy 85 ,2008 (10), 968-987
• E. Koutroulis, D. Kolokotsa, A. Potirakis, K.Kalaitzakis “Methodology for optimal sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic/wind-generator algorithms”, Solar Energy 2006; 80(9):1072e88 systems using genetic
• Yang HX, Zhou W, Lu L, Fang ZH, “Optimal sizing method for stand-alone hybrid solar-wind system with LPSP technology by using genetic algorithm”, Solar Energy 2008; 82(4):354e67
• O. Ekren, By. Ekren, “Size optimization of a PV/wind hybrid energy conversion system with battery storage using simulated annealing”, Applied Energy 2010; (2):592e8
• JL. Bernal-Agustín, R. Dufo-López, DM. Rivas-Ascaso, “Design of isolated hybrid systems minimizing costs and pollutant emissions”, Renewable Energy 2006; 31 (14):2227e44
• R. Dufo-López, JL. Bernal-Agustín, “Multi-objective design of PVewinde dieselehydrogenebattery systems”, Renewable Energy 2008; 33(12):2559e72
• R. Chedid, S. Rahman, “Unit sizing and control of hybrid wind-solar power systems”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 1997; 12(1):79e85
• Yokoyama R, Ito K, Yuasa Y, “Multi-objective optimal unit sizing of hybrid power generation systems utilizing PV and wind energy”, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 1994; 116:167e73
• Yang. HX, Burnett. J, Lu. L, “Weather data and probability analysis of hybrid photovoltaic/wind power generation systems in Hong Kong”, Renewable Energy ; 28:1813e24
• Yang. HX, Lu. L, Zhou. W, “A novel optimization sizing model for hybrid solarewind power generation system”, Solar Energy 2007; 81(1):76e84
• W. Kellogg, MH. Nehrir, G. Venkataramanan, V. Gerez, “Generation unit sizing and cost analysis for stand-alone wind, photovoltaic and hybrid wind/PV systems”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion ; 13(1):70e5 A. Kashefi Kaviani, G.H. Riahy, SH.M. Kouhsari, “Optimal design of a reliable hydrogen-based stand-alone wind/PV generating system, considering component outages”, Renewable Energy 34 (2009) 2380-2390
• A. Kashefi Kaviani, G.H. Riahy, SH.M. Kouhsari, “Optimal design of a reliable hydrogen-based stand-alone wind/PV generation system”, Proceeding of 11th international conference on optimization of electrical and electronic equipment (OPTIM’08), Brasov, Romania; May 22-24, 2008
• G.C. Ghosh, B. Emonts, D. Stolen, “Comparison of hydrogen storage with dieselgenerator system in a PV- WEC hybrid system”, Solar Energy 2003; 75:187-98
• M. Tanrioven, M.S. Alam, “Reliability modeling and analysis of stand-alone PEM fuel cell power plants”, Renewable Energy 2006; 31:915-33
• F. Mostofi, M. Javadi, G. Ghezeli, H. Shayeghi, J. Javidan, “Modeling and design of hybrid renewable energy sources for rural electrification”, 17 th Electric Power Distribution Conference (EPDC) ,Tehran, Iran, May 12-13 (2012)
• M.Bin. Gadhi Salem, A. Mnkbel Mohammed, “A review of renewable energy activities in Yemen”, Renewable Energy 1998; 14(1-4):459-65
• H. Shayeghi, M. Ghiami, F. Mostofi, S. Lotfi, “Optimal sizing a hybrid hydro-PV-Wind system via ACO algorithm, The first international & third national conference on dams & hydropower, Tehran, Iran.Feb8- (2012).
• A. Menshari, M.ghiami, F. Mostofi, “A novel method hydro/PV/wind International Conference of Science, High Technology & Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran, July 11-12(2012).