Yüzücülerde Farklı Ekipmanlarla Serbest Stil Performansının İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı küçük yaş grubu yüzücülerde farklı ekipmanlarla (ayak paleti, ayak tahtası ve pull-buoy) uygulanan serbest stil performansının incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya İstanbul ilinde yaşayan, özel kulüplerde aktif yüzme hayatına devam eden, en az üç yıldır yüzme sporu ile ilgilenen; sporcu kartı/lisanslı olan; 10-11 yaş grubu 14 kız 9 erkek toplam 23 yüzücü gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma özel bir kulübe ait kapalı yüzme havuzunda (kısa kulvar-25 m) gerçekleştirimiştir. Öncelikle yüzücülerin vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ve kulaç uzunluğu ölçülmüştür. Sonrasında yüzücülerin maksimal, ayak paletli, pull-buoylu ve sadece tahta ile ayak vurarak 25 metre (m), 50 m, 75 m, 100 m mesafelerinde serbest stil performanslarını göstermeleri istenilmiştir. Her bir ekipmanla uygulanan yüzme performansı iki gün ara ile yapılmıştır. Yüzme performansı sırasında bir adet SJCAM 4k marka dış kamera ile tüm yüzücülerin performansları kaydedilmiştir. Test sonrasında görüntüler bilgisayar ortamına ve Kinovea 0.9.5. programına MP4 formatında aktarılmıştır. Her bir yüzücünün her bir mesafeye ve ekipmana ait bitiş süresi, geçiş süreleri, hız değerleri bireysel olarak hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde IBM SPSS 24.0 analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği kabul edilmiştir (“-1,5” ile “+1,5”) ve yüzücülerin farklı ekipmanlarla elde edilen bitiş süresi, geçiş süreleri, hız değerlerinin karşılaştırılması tekrarlı ölçümlü varyans ile analiz edilmiştir. Bitiş süresi, geçiş süreleri ve hız değerlerinde ayak paleti ile ayak tahtası ve pull-buoy arasında istatistiksel olarak farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Ayak paletli yapılan 100 m bitiş süresi (108.58±14.99 s) ve geçiş süreleri (21.73±2.71 s - 28.47±3.73 s) diğer ekipmanlara göre daha düşük bulunurken ayak paletli yapılan hız (0.94±0.13 m/s) ve geçiş hızları (1.17±0.14 m/s - 0.89±0.12 m/s) diğer ekipmanlara göre daha yüksek tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kısa mesafe serbest yüzme performansının antrenmanlarında kullanılan ekipmanlara göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yüzme ekipmanları
• serbest stil
• performans

Investigation of Freestyle Performance in Swimmers with Different Equipments

Abstract

The present study sought to examine the freestyle proficiency of juvenile swimmers deploying various accessories, namely fins, kickboard, and pull-buoy. Twenty-three participants, comprising 14 females and 9 males aged between 10 and 11 years, who reside in Istanbul, pursue activities in exclusive clubs, have held an athlete license for no less than three years, and expressed a keen interest in swimming opted to take part in the study. The research was implemented voluntarily in a private club's indoor swimming pool (25 m short lane). First, the swimmers' body weight, height, and arm length were measured. They then demonstrated their freestyle performance at distances of 25 m, 50 m, 75 m, and 100 m using different equipment: maximal, fins, pull-buoy, and kickboard-only flutter kick. Swimming performances with each piece of equipment were performed two days apart, and all swimmers' performances were recorded with an SJCAM 4k external camera. After conducting the test, the captured images were transferred to the computer and processed using the Kinovea 0.9.5 program in MP4 format. Individual calculations were made for each swimmer's finish time, lap times and velocity for each distance and equipment. The data were evaluated using the IBM SPSS 24.0 analysis program. It was ensured that the data followed a normal distribution ("±1.5"). The comparison of finish times, lap times and velocity of swimmers using different equipment was analysed using repeated measures variance. There was a statistical difference between the fins, kickboard and pull-buoy in finish time, lap times and velocity (p<0.05). While 100 m finish time (108.58±14.99 s) and lap times (21.73±2.71 s - 28.47±3.73 s) performed with fins were found lower than the other equipment, velocity (0.94±0.13 m/s) and lap velocity (1.17±0.14 m/s - 0.89±0.12 m/s) performed with fins were found higher than the other equipment. Therefore, it was concluded that the equipment used in training affected the performance of short-distance freestyle swimming.

Keywords

• Swimming equipments
• freestyle
• performance

Kaynakça

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