Examination of Female And Male Football Players' Value Orientation, Character, and Moral Disengagement Levels in Sports

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 229 - 241, 22.12.2025

Nuri Muhammet Çelik , Mihraç Köroğlu , Burcu Yentürk , Fikret Soyer

Öz

This study aims to examine the value orientation and the level of deviation from character and ethics in sports among female and male football players. The study involved 160 volunteer football players competing in amateur and professional leagues. In the study, the relational survey model was used, and athlete value orientation, moral disengagement in sport, and sport character scales were used to collect the data. One-way analysis of variance, Games-Howell post-hoc test, and Pearson correlation analysis were applied to the data obtained from the scales. Considering the findings of the value orientation scale in sports, significant differences were observed in the variables of gender, age, sports experience, frequency of sports participation, and position. According to the findings of the scale measuring the decline in ethics in sports, significant differences were observed based on gender, age, frequency of sports participation, and position variables. According to the findings of the character scale in sports, significant differences were observed in the variables of gender, age, sports experience, frequency of sports participation, and position. When examining the overall values of football players, it is observed that the values of competitiveness, sportsmanship, responsibility, rule compliance, honesty, compassion, sportsmanship, and fairness are positively and significantly correlated with one another, whereas the values of moral disengagement in sports and antisocial behavior are negatively and significantly correlated with these values. In conclusion, it was observed that athletes' commitment to ethical values varies depending on variables such as gender, age, experience, frequency of participation in sports, and position, and that the tendency to deviate from ethics in sports is negatively correlated with the values of sportsmanship and responsibility.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Value orientation , Character in sport , Moral disengagement.

Kadın ve Erkek Futbolcuların Değer Yönelimi, Sporda Karakter ve Ahlaktan Uzaklaşma Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı kadın ve erkek futbolcuların değer yönelimi, sporda karakter ve ahlaktan uzaklaşma düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya amatör ve profesyonel liglerde mücadele eden 160 gönüllü futbolcu katılmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modeli kullanılan çalışmada verilerin toplanması için sporcu değer yönelimi, sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma ve spor karakter ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçeklerden elde edilen verilere tek yönlü varyans analizi, Games-Howell post-hoc testi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi uygulanmıştır. Sporda değer yönelimi ölçeği bulgularına bakıldığında cinsiyet, yaş, spor tecrübesi, spor yapma sıklığı ve mevki değişkenlerinde anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür. Sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma ölçeği bulgularına göre cinsiyet, yaş, spor yapma sıklığı ve mevki değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık görülmüştür. Sporda karakter ölçeği bulgularına göre cinsiyet, yaş, spor tecrübesi, spor yapma sıklığı ve mevki değişkenlerinde anlamlı farklılık görülmüştür. Futbolcuların genel değerlerine bakıldığında yarışma severlik, sportmenlik, sorumluluk, kurallara uyma, dürüstlük, merhamet, sportmenlik ve adalet değerlerinin birbirleri arasında pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu ve sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma ve antisosyal davranış değerlerinin de bu değerlerle negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak sporcuların etik değerlere bağlılığının cinsiyet, yaş, tecrübe, spor yapma sıklığı ve mevki gibi değişkenlere bağlı olarak değiştiği ve sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma eğiliminin sportmenlik ve sorumluluk değerleri ile negatif ilişki içerisinde olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Değer yönelimi , Sporda karakter , Ahlaktan uzaklaşma

Kaynakça

• Akoğlu, H., Ayyıldız, E., & Sunay, H. (2019). Investigation of moral disengagement in sport and sportspersonship behavior of athletes participating in international sport organizations. Sportive Perspective: Journal of Sports and Educational Sciences, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.33468/sbsebd.111
• Altın, Y., & Altın, S. (2023). The predictive effect of personality traits on moral disengagement in sports. Journal of Sport Sciences, 33(4), 204-213. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.899827
• Atasoy, T., Kılıçkaya, O., & Akman, S., (2024). The effect of archers sporting characteristics on their sporting moral approach. International Academic Sports Studies Congress (pp.286-295). Trabzon, Turkey. https://akademiksporarastirmalarikongresi.com/2022/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/31.12.2024.-8.-uluslararasi-akademik-spor-aras%CC%A7tirmalari-kongre-kitabi.pdf
• Ayyildiz, E., Kayabeşler, H., Gülü, M., Yagin, F. H., Aldhahi, M. I., García-Grimau, E., & Al-Mhanna, S. B. (2023). Examining mindfulness and moral disengagement in doping: Perspective of Turkish wrestlers. Frontiers in Psychology.28;14:1142343. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1142343
• Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L
• Bandura, A. (2002). Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, (31), 101–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305724022014322
• Boardley, I.D., & Kavussanu, M. (2008). The moral disengagement in sport scale – short. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26, 1507–1517. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802315054
• Booth, R. J., Cope, E., & Rhind, D. J. A. (2023). Crossing the line: conceptualising and rationalising bullying and banter in male adolescent community football. Sport, Education and Society, 29(6), 758–773. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2180498
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2021). Handbook of data analysis for social sciences: Statistics, research design, SPSS applications and interpretation. Pegem Academy.
• Chen, M., & Chen, C. C. (2021). The moral dark side of performance pressure: how and when it affects unethical pro-organizational behavior. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(7), 1359–1389. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2021.1991434
• Coulomb-Cabagno, G., & Rascle, O. (2006). Team sports players’ observed aggression as a function of gender, competitive level, and sport type. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(8), 1980-2000. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00090.x
• Eroğlu, O., Ünveren, A., Ayna, Ç., Müftüoğlu, N. E. (2020). Investigation of the relationship between the level of mental resilience in sports and moral distancing in sports of the students of the faculty of sports sciences. Turkish Journal of Sports Science, 4(2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.829164
• George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson.
• Görgüt, İ. & Tuncel, S. (2017). Adaptation of sport character scale to Turkish. Spormetre. 15 (3), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000319
• Gürpınar, B. (2014). Attitudes to moral decision making of the student athletes in secondary and high school level according to sport variables. Eğitim ve Bilim - Education and Science, 39(176). https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2014.3645
• Gürpınar, B. (2015). Adaptation of the moral disengagement in sport scale-short into turkish culture: a validity and reliability study in a Turkish sample. SPORMETRE The Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 13(1), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000269
• Gürpınar, B., & Kurşun, S. (2013). Sportsperson ship orientations of basketball and soccer players. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 3(1), 171-176. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH/20131660
• Güvendi B., & Işım Türksoy A. (2019). Moral disengagement and aggression in fight sport athletes. J. Educ. Train. Stud., 7:118–123. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i7.4244
• İmamlı H., & Ünver G. (2018). Examination of Sports Character in Terms of Demographic Qualifications. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 36-48. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/616834
• Jang C Y (2013): Development and validation of the sport character scale. Doctorate thesis, The University of Utah, USA.
• Kangalgil, M., Temel, A., Tevfik, E., & Tuğbay, İ. (2023). Investigation of young athletes’ attitudes towards moral decision making and distancing from moral values. Journal of Youth Research, 11(29), 14-29. https://doi.org/10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.898598
• Kaplan, E., & Akyüz, O. (2020). Investigation of the relationship between football players' achievement goals and sports character. International Journal of Exercise Psychology, 2(2), 82-90. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1404628
• Karasar, N. (2020). Scientific research method: Concepts, principles, techniques. Nobel Publishing.
• Kavussanu, M. (2008). Moral behaviour in sport: A critical review of the literature. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(2), 124-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/17509840802277417
• Kaya, D. G., Ayan, B. N., & Ocak, Y. (2023). Investigation of sport emotions with the moral disengagement in sport of amateur footballers. MANAS Journal of Social Studies, 12(3), 1139-1149. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1259126
• Kurtipek, S., Çelik, O. B., Gümüş, H., & Yılmaz, B. (2017). Metaphorical perceptions of camp leaders working under the ministry of youth and sports on the concept of youth. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education and Sport/Science, Movement and Health, 17(2), 359-368.
• Kusan, M., Yılmaz, S., & Çankaya, S. (2024). The effect of moral disengagement in sports on sportsmanship behavior in boxers. Journal of ROL Sports Sciences, 5(1), 125-138. https://rrpubs.com/index.php/rol/article/view/417
• Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
• Özsarı, A., Demirel, H., Altın, M., Yalçın, Y. G., & Demir, H. (2018). Sportmenıty dırectıons of women basketball. The Journal of Turkish Sport Sciences, 1(2), 66-71. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/561338
• Öztürk, S. E., & Türkmen, M. (2018). An investigation of the sport character of dart athletes. 6th International
• Congress of Science, Culture and Sport, Lviv, Ukraine, (2018) 848- 861. https://www.sporbilim.com/UserFiles/File/abstractbook_18.pdf
• Shields, D. L., Funk, C. D., & Bredemeier, B. L. (2015). Predictors of Moral Disengagement in Sport. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 37(6):646-58. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0110
• Siyahtaş, A, Saraç, D. Tükenmez, A. & Hocaoğlu M. (2018). Comparison of sports character features of different branches athletes. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 4 (28): 6252-6259. https://doi.org/10.26449/sssj.1099
• Sülün, F., Susuz, Y. E., Varol, Y. K., & Çolakoğlu, F. F. (2021). Investigation of relationship between judo trainers' sportsmanship orientation and personality characteristics. Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 15(2), 285-300. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1784625
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
• Tel, M., Yaman, Ç., & Altun, M. (2017). Opinions of sports faculty students on sportsmanship behavior. International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies (IntJCSS), 3(Özel Sayı 2), 16-26. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/388136
• Traclet, A., Moret, O., Ohl, F., & Clémence, A. (2015). Moral disengagement in the legitimation and realization of aggressive behavior in soccer and ice hockey. Aggressive Behavior, 1(2):123-33 https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21561
• Tsai, E., & Fung, L. (2005). Sportspersonship in youth basketball and volleyball players. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sport Psychology, 7(2), 37-46. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Sportspersonship-in-Youth-Basketball-and-Volleyball-Tsai-Fung/a10f452a27106f27961bdc213c6daaf684e76e98
• Türksoy Işım, A., Güvendi, B., & Toros, T. (2019). Moral deviation in sports, motivational climate and decision making among amateur league football players. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 5(1), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.483295
• Uluç, E. A. (2022). Examination of the Effect of Sports Character on Aggression and Anger in Karate Athletes. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, 11(4), 1559-1568. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1181544
• Van Der Hoeven, S., Constandt, B., Manoli, A. E., van Bottenburg, M., Caneppele, S., & Willem, A. (2023). Understanding how individuals engage in match-fixing: the role of moral disengagement. European Sport Management Quarterly, 24(4), 979–999. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2023.2230221
• Yıldız, M., & Güven, Ö. (2021). Development of the athlete value orientation scale: a validity and reliability study. Scientific Educational Studies, 5(2), 159-177. https://doi.org/10.31798/ses.1020314