In a Time of Rapid Social Change: Organized Crime in Asia and the Pacific

Öz

This paper examines organized crime in Asia and the Pacific. First is a historical and contextual review of organized crime and efforts to counter it. Followed is an analysis of major social forces around and behind organized crime, from failure of the state, dysfunction of the economy, advanced communications and transportation, globalization, and the lure of profit, to the power of organization. The third part explores organized crime with respect to its organizational bases, criminal activities, business models, and other essential patterns or characteristics. The paper points out that organized crime thrives on rapid, drastic, and multifaceted social change. Asia and the Pacific, as a dynamic region of expanding economic development, deepening political reform, and sweeping cultural transformation, will have to face and fight organized crime and various other forms of criminality in unprecedented volumes, forms, and complexities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organized crime, social control, Asia, and the Pacific

Kaynakça

1. Abadinsky, Howard. (2006) Organized Crime. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
2. Andersson, Martin and Christer Gunnarsson (2003) Development and StructuralChange in Asia-Pacific: Globalizing Miracles or End of a Model? New York: Routledge Curzon.
3. Chin, Ko-lin. (1999) Smuggled Chinese: Clandestine Immigration to the United States.
4. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Cole, Ben (2006) Conflict, Terrorism, and the Media in Asia. London: Routledge Curzon.
5. Cressey, Donald A (1969) Theft of the Nation: The Structure and Operations of Organized Crime in America. New York: Harper & Row.
6. Fiandaca, Giovanni (2007) Women and the Mafia: Female Roles in Organized Crime Structures. New York: Springer.
7. Finckenauer, James O (2004) “The Russian „Mafia‟.” Society 41.5: 61-64.
8. Finckenauer, James O. and Yuri A. Voronin (2001) The Threat of Russian Organized Crime. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.

9. Frisby, Tanya (1998) “The Rise of Organized Crime in Russia: Its Roots and Social Significance.” Europe-Asia Studies 50.1: 27-49.
10. Hamm, Mark (2007) Terrorism as Crime: From Oklahoma City to Al-Qaeda and Beyond. New York: New York University Press.
11. Inciardi, James A (1975) Careers in Crime. Chicago: Rand McNally.
12. Juska, Arunas, Peter Johnstone, and Richard Pozzuto (2004) “The Changing Character of Criminality and Policing in Post-Socialist Lithuania: From Fighting Organized Crime to Policing Marginal Populations?” Crime, Law, and Social Change 2: 161-177.
13. Kaplan, David E. and Alec Dubro (1986) Yakuza: The Explosive Accounts of Japan‟s Criminal Underworld. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
14. Kraul, Chris, Rich Connell, and Robert Lopez (2005) “Nations Address Gang Violence” Los Angeles Times June 18: A9.
15. Lewis, Norman (1964) The Honored Society: A Searching Look at the Mafia. New York: Putnam.
16. Lunde, Paul (2006) Organized Crime: An Inside Guide to the World’s Most Successful Industry. New York: Dorling Kindersley Publishing.
17. McFeely, Richard A (2001) “Enterprise Theory of Investigation.” FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 70.5: 19-25.
18. Newman, Graeme (1999) Global Report on Crime and Criminal Justice. New York: Oxford University Press.
19. Paoli, Letizia (2003) Mafia Brotherhoods: Organized Crime, Italian Style. New York: Oxford University Press.
20. Phillips, Tim (2007) Knockoff: The Deadly Trade in Counterfeit Goods. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page.
21. President‟s Commission on Organized Crime (2001) The Cash Connection: Organized Crime, Financial Institutions, and Money Laundering. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
22. Shaw, Victor N (2003) “Within and Without National Borders: Crimes and Deviance in Asia and the Pacific.” International Journal of Comparative Criminology 3.2: 119-148.
23. Shelley, Louise (2003) “The Trade in People in and from the Former Soviet Union.” Crime, Law, and Social Change 40.2/3: 231-250.
24. Soothill, Keith (1996) “The Growth of the Serial Killer Industry: A Study of the Asia Pacific Rim Region.” Criminal Behavior and Mental Health Supplement: 73-83.
25. Sung, Hung-En (2004) “State Failure, Economic Failure, and Predatory Organized Crime: A Comparative Analysis.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 41.2: 129.
26. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2005) Legislative Guides for the Implementation of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto. New York: United Nations Publication.
27. United States Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs (1990) Organized Crime: Twenty-Five Years after Valachi. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
28. Zhang, Sheldon and Ko-lin Chin (2002) “Enter the Dragon: Inside Chinese Human Smuggling Organizations.” Criminology 40.4: 737-768.