PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANIES AS NON-STATE ACTORS IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Öz

In this study, Private Military and Security Companies –as non-state actors- are examined. At the same time, the areas of influence and activities of these companies’ in the Middle East region are examined. Indeed, these companies have matured and spread in accordance with the changing agenda of security. Besides, the transformation of economy-politics in international relations have influenced directly and indirectly these companies. As for the Middle East region, it seems impossible for it to isolate itself from such transformation. Basically, it is also asserted in the article that these companies have long been undermining the basic characteristic of modern state which claims to uphold the monopoly over physical violence. In order to explain such allegations, such companies –and their role to alter states’ autonomous status- acting in the Middle East are taken under investigation. Keywords: Private Military and Security Companies, modern state, Middle East, Monopoly on the Use of Legitimate Violence, Neo-Liberalism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Private Military and Security Companies
• modern state
• Middle East
• Monopoly on the Use of Legitimate Violence
• Neo-Liberalism

ORTA DOĞU'DA DEVLET DIŞI AKTÖR OLARAK ÖZEL ASKERİ VE GÜVENLİK ŞİRKETLERİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada devlet-dışı aktör olarak “Özel Askeri ve Güvenlik Şirketleri” ele alınmıştır. Bu yapılırken, Özel Askeri ve Güvenlik Şirketlerinin Orta Doğu coğrafyasındaki etki alanları ve faaliyetlerine odaklanılmıştır. Esas itibariyle Özel Askeri ve Güvenlik Şirketleri, güvenliğin değişen gündemine uygun şekilde gelişmiş ve yayılmıştır. Ayrıca, uluslararası ilişkilerde meydana gelen ekonomi-politik dönüşüm de söz konusu aktörlere dolaylı ve doğrudan etki etmiştir. Orta Doğu coğrafyasının bu dönüşümden etkilenmemesi ise olanaklı görülmemektedir. Temelde ise, söz konusu aktörlerin modern devletin bir ayırıcı özelliği olduğu varsayılan ‘meşru şiddet tekelinin sahipliği iddiası’ düsturunun zayıflatılmasında önemli rol oynadığı savlanmaktadır. Bu savların açıklanması için Orta Doğu coğrafyasında faaliyet gösteren kimi şirketler ele alınmıştır ve bu şirketlerin devletin özerk konumunu nasıl etkilediği de ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Özel Askeri ve Güvenlik Şirketleri
• Modern Devlet
• Orta Doğu
• Meşru Şiddet Kullanma Tekeli
• Neo-Liberalizm

Kaynakça

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