Globalization and Cooperative Activity among National Labor Unions and National Environmental Organizations in the United States

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, - , 30.05.2016

David Foster Steele

Öz

This paper examines the cooperative activity between national labor unions and national environmental organizations in the United States on issues associated with globalization. Past researchers have advocated the need for organizations that makeup the labor and environmental movements to work together, but do they? It is hypothesized that globalization issues may be a key factor for cooperative activity between national labor unions and national environmental organizations. The conducted research does find some evidence to support this claim. Industrial labor unions and politically oriented environmental organizations appear to be most active in working together on globalization issues. Associated with working together is the need for organizations to adopt a social justice frame that other organizations can support. The article concludes with a discussion of the importance of permanent, federative arrangements between national labor unions and national environmental organizations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Globalization, Social Movements, Labor Unions, Environmental Movement, Coalitions

Kaynakça

• Acuff, S. (2000). The struggle for economic justice. Labor Studies Journal, 25(1), 7-9.
• Alliance for Responsible Trade (ART). (n.d.). Who we are. Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://www.art-us.org/Who_We_Are.html
• Alliance for Responsible Trade (ART). (2000). Hemispheric Social Alliance. Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://www.art-us.org/LiberateText.html
• Alliance for Sustainable Jobs and the Environment. (n.d.). Houston principles of the Alliance for Sustainable Jobs and the Environment. Retrieved October 1, 2002, from http://www.asje.org/houston.html
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (1999). Labor and environmental organizations discuss climate change. Retrieved August , 2003, from http://www.aflcio.org/mediacenter/prsptm/pr05061999.cfm
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (2000). 15,000 working women and men rally at U.S. Capitol to tell their members of Congress: "No blank check for China". Retrieved August 12, 2003, from http://www.aflcio.org/mediacenter/prsptm/pr04122000.cfm
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (2002a). Coalition of 135 groups voice opposition to fast track letter to Senate calls push for fast http://www.aflcio.org/mediacenter/prsptm/pr05062002.cfm Retrieved August , , from
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (2002b). Principles of unity on trade & investment. Retrieved August 12, 2003, from http://www.aflcio.org/issuespolitics/globaleconomy/principles.cfm
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (2002c). Unions, environmental, religious groups call for World Bank reforms. Retrieved August http://www.aflcio.org/issuespolitics/globaleconomy/ns04172002.cfm , , from
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (2003a). http://www.aflcio.org/issuespolitics/globaleconomy/loader.cfm?url=/commonspo t/security/getfile.cfm&PageID=23761 Retrieved August , , from
• American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). (2003b). Letter to the Honorable Robert Zoellick, Retrieved August 12, 2003, from http://www.aflcio.org/issuespolitics/globaleconomy/loader.cfm?url=/commonspo t/security/getfile.cfm&PageID=21973
• Apollo Alliance. (n.d.a). About the Apollo Alliance. Retrieved January 25, 2004, from http://www.apolloalliance.org/about_the_alliance/
• Apollo Alliance. (n.d.a). About the Board of Directors. Retrieved June 24, 2008, from http://www.apolloalliance.org/about_board.php
• Berberoglu, B. (1990). Political Sociology: A comparative/historical approach. Dix Hills, N.Y.: General Hall.
• Berberoglu, B. (1992). The legacy of empire: Economic decline and class polarization in the United States. New York: Praeger.
• Boggs, C. (1990). Economic conversion as a radical strategy: Where social movements and labor meet. In J. Brecher & T. Costello (Eds.), Building bridges: The emerging grassroots coalition of labor and community (pp. 302-309). New York: Monthly Review Press.
• Boswell, T., & Stevis, D. (1997). Globalization and international labor organizing: A world-system perspective. Work and Occupations, 24(3), 288–308.
• Brecher, J., & Costello, T. (1990). Building bridges: The emerging grassroots coalition of labor and community. New York: Monthly Review Press.
• Broad, D. (1995). Globalization and the casual labor problem: History and prospects. Social Justice, 22(3(61)), 67–91.
• Burton, D. J. (1986). Contradictions and changes in labour response to distributional implications of environmental-resource policies. In A. Schnaiberg, N. Watts & K. Zimmerman (Eds.), Distributional conflicts in environmental-resource policy (pp. 287– ). Aldershot, England: Gower Publishing.
• Buttel, F. H., Geisler, C. C., & Wiswall, I. W. (1984). Labor and the environment: An analysis of and annotated bibliography on workplace environmental quality in the United States. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
• Buttel, F. H., & Gould, K. A. (2004). Global social movement(s) at the crossroads: Some observations on the trajectory of the anti-corporate globalization movement. Journal of World-Systems Research, 10(1), 37–66.
• Cable, S., & Cable, C. (1995). Environmental problems, grassroots solutions: The politics of grassroots environmental conflict. New York: St. Martin's Press.
• Capek, S. M. (1993). The "environmental justice" frame: A conceptual discussion and an application. Social Problems, 40(1), 5–24.
• Citizens Trade Campaign (CTC). (n.d.). What is Citizens Trade Campaign? Retrieved January 21, 2004, from http://www.citizenstrade.org/about.php
• Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES). (n.d.a) About us: overview. Retrieved November 9, 2003 from http://www.ceres.org/about/main.htm
• Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES). (n.d.b) Our work: The CERES principles. Retrieved November 9, 2003 from http://www.ceres.org/our_work/principles.htm
• Derber, C. (1998). Populism. Social Policy, 28(3), 27–31
• Dewey, S. (1998). Working for the environment: Organized labor and the origins of environmentalism in the Untied States, 1948–1970. Environmental History, 3(1), 45–63.
• Dreiling, M. (1997). Remapping North American environmentalism: Contending visions and divergent practices in the fight over NAFTA. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism, (4(32)), 65- 98.
• Dreiling, M. (1998). From margin to center: Environmental justice and social unionism as sites for intermovement solidarity. Race, Gender & Class, 6(1), 51–69.
• Dreiling, M. (2001). Solidarity and contention: The politics of security and sustainability in the NAFTA conflict. New York: Garland.
• Evans, P. (2001). Why renewed interest in the labor movement? In Critical Solidarity, (1), 4–6.
• Fisher, R., & Kling, J. (1993). Mobilizing the community: Local politics in the era of the global city. New Park, CA: SAGE.
• Foster, J. B. (1991). Capitalism and the ancient forest. Monthly Review, 43(5), 1–16.
• Gordon, R. (1998). "Shell no " OCAW and the labor-environmental alliance. Environmental History, 3(4), 460–488.
• Gould, K. A., Lewis, T. L., & Roberts, J. T. (2004). Blue-Green coalitions: Constraints and possibilities in the post 9-11 political environment. Journal of World-Systems Research, 10(1), 91–116.
• Greenhouse, S. (2003). Unions back research plan for energy. Retrieved June 21, 2003, from http://www.ourfuture.org/issues_and_campaigns/energy_independence/nyt_6_6_ cfm Campaign for America‟s Future Web site:
• Hodge, B. J., & Anthony, W. P. (1988). Organization Theory (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
• International Brotherhood of Teamsters (Teamsters). (n.d.). What is the Seattle ministerial? Retrieved August 15, 2003, from http://www.teamster.org/wto/what_is_seattle_ministerial.htm
• International Brotherhood of Teamsters (Teamsters). (2001a). Hoffa: Teamsters part of diverse coalition on cross-border trucking. Retrieved June 30, 2004, from http://www.teamster.org/01newsb/hn%5F010820%5F2.htm
• International Brotherhood of Teamsters (Teamsters). (2001b). Labor coalition urges Hastert to stop fast track. Retrieved August 15, 2003, from http://www.teamster.org/01newsb/hn_011107_3.htm
• International Right to Know Campaign. (n.d.). What is IRTK? Retrieved March 24, 2003, from http://www.irtk.org/what_is_irtk.html
• Jackson, A., & Wright, A. (1981, October). Nature's banner: Environmentalists have just begun to fight. The Progressive, 26–32.
• Johnston, P. (1994). Success where others fail: Social movement unionism and the public workplace. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.
• Kazis, R., & Grossman, R. L. (1991). Fear at work: Job blackmail, labor, and the environment (New Edition ed.). Philadelphia, PA: New Society Publishers.
• Labor-Environment Alliance for Planetary Solidarity (LEAPS). (n.d.). What is LEAPS? Retrieved January 25, 2004, from Corporate Campaign Web site: http://www.corporatecampaign.org/whatleap.html
• Mitchell, R. C., Mertig, A. G., & Dunlap, R. E. (1992). Twenty years of environmental mobilization: Trends among national environmental organizations. In R. E. Dulap &
• A. G. Mertig (Eds.), American environmentalism: The U.S. environmental movement, –1990 (pp. 11-26). New York: Taylor & Francis.
• Obach, B. K. (2000). Social movement alliance formation: Organized labor and the environmental movement (Doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin – Madison, ). Dissertation Abstracts International, A: The Humanities and Social Sciences, 61(8), A.
• Obach, B. K. (2004). New labor: Slowing the treadmill of production? Organization & Environment, 17(3), 337–354.
• Podobnik, B., & Reifer, T. E. (2004). The globalization protest movement in comparative perspective. Journal of World-Systems Research, 10(1), 3–9.
• Reily, J. F., & Allen, B. A. B. (2003). Political campaign and lobbying activities of IRC (c)(4), (c)(5), and (c)(6) organizations. Retrieved June 26, 2004, from the Internal Revenue Service Web site: http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-teg/eotopicl03.pdf
• Reynolds, D. (1999). Coalition politics: Insurgent union political action builds ties between labor and the community. Labor Studies Journal, 24(3), 54–75.
• Rose, F. (2000). Coalitions across the class divide: Lessons from the labor, peace, and environmental movements. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
• Ross, G. (2000). Labor versus globalization. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 570, 78–91.
• Ross, R. J. S. (2004). From antisweatshop to global justice to antiwar: How the new left is the same and different from the old left. Journal of World-Systems Research, 10(1), –319.
• Schnaiberg, A. (1980). The environment: From surplus to scarcity. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Schnaiberg, A., & Gould, K. A. (1994). Environment and society: The enduring conflict. New York: St. Martin's Press.
• Shefner, J. (2001). Coalitions and clientelism in mexico. Theory and Society, 30(5), 593–
• Siegmann, H. (1985). The conflicts between labor and environmentalism in the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States. New York: St. Martin's Press.
• Siegmann, H. (1986). Discussion: Environmental policy and trade unions in the United States. In A. Schnaiberg, N. Watts & K. Zimmerman (Eds.), Distributional conflicts in environmental-resource policy (pp. 315–327). Aldershot, England: Gower Publishing.
• Sierra Club. (2006, June). Sierra Club, United Steelworkers announce „Blue-Green Alliance‟ good jobs, clean environment, safer world cited as uniting principles. Retrieved May 2, , from http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom/releases/pr2006-06-07.asp
• Simmons, L. (1994). Organizing in hard times: Labor and neighborhoods in Hartford. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
• Simmons, L. (1997, November). New developments in community-labor coalitions in Connecticut. Paper presented at the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning 39th Annual Meeting, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
• Simmons, L. (1998, May). Issues in building community-labor alliances. Paper presented at the University and College Labor Education Association\AFL-CIO Education Department Conference: Building the 21st Century Labor Movement, San Jose, CA.
• Snow, D. A., Rochford, E. B., Worden, S. K., & Benford, R. D. (1986). Frame alignment processes, micromobilization, and movement participation. American Sociological Review, 51(4), 464–481.
• Starr, A. (2000). Naming the enemy: Anti-corporate movements confront globalization. New York: St. Martin's Press.
• Tell Us the Truth Tour. (n.d.). Homepage, Retrieved June 26, 2004, from http://www.tellusthetruth.org/index_home.html
• Tokar, B. (1997). Earth for sale: Reclaiming ecology in the age of corporate greenwash. Boston, MA: South End Press.
• United Steelworkers of America (USWA). (2003a). Broad coalition joins AFL- CIO's Trumka for launch of nationwide actions to opposition to FTAA. Retrieved June 30, 2004, from http://www.uswa.org/uswa/program/content/550.php
• United Steelworkers of America (USWA). (2003b). Rally and march to protest FTAA meet http://www.uswa.org/uswa/program/content/776.php police repression. Retrieved June , ,
• Wallerstein, I. (1990). Antisystemic movements: History and dilemmas. In S. Amin, G. Arrighi, A. G. Frank & I. Wallerstein (Eds.), Transforming the revolution: Social movements and the world-system (pp. 13–53). New York: Monthly Review Press.
• Warren, R. L. (1967). The interorganizational field as a focus for investigation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 12(3), 396–419.