The Impact of Eu Conditionality On Democratisation In Turkey: The Case Of Civil-Military Relations In The Period of 1999-2008

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 79 - 108, 29.12.2016

Fatma Zeynep Özkurt

Öz

This article explores the impact of EU conditionality on democratisation in Turkey by delving into the institutional transformation and policy (re)formation in the area of civil-military relations. The internal and external factors stemming from external incentives and social learning models in the framework of Europeanisation are operationalized to identify reasons behind the domestic change in Turkey concerning the political actors, institutions, cultural norms and values embedded in Turkish political system. They are tested by a cross-periodical analysis to trace the process on policy changes at the national level under the influence of EU conditionality. The results support the assumption that irrespective of different theoretical approaches, a complete domestic change can be achieved if favourable domestic conditions and strong conditionality are maintained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Union, Conditionality Principle, Democratisation, External Incentives, Social Learning, Civil-Military Relations

AB Koşulluluğunun Türkiye’nin Demokratikleşmesi Üzerine Olan Etkisi: 1999-2008 Dönemi Sivil-Asker İlişkileri Örneği

Öz

Bu makale, sivil-asker ilişkileri konusunda kurumsal dönüşümleri ve politik (re) formasyonları inceleyerek, AB koşullarının Türkiye’deki demokratikleşme sürecinde olan etkisini ele almaktadır. Makale, Avrupalılaşma çerçevesi içindeki dış teşvikler ve sosyal öğrenme modellerine bağlı içsel ve dışsal faktörlerin, Türkiye’nin politik sistemi içinde yer alan politik aktörler, kurumlar, kültürel normlar ve değerlerle ilgili olarak nasıl etki yaptığını, bu etkiyle Türkiye’deki değişimlerin altında yatan sebeplerin neler olduğunu incelemeyi hedeflemiştir. AB koşulluluğunun etkisi, ulusal ölçekte yaşanan politika değişimleriyle ilgili süreci takip etmek üzere, dönemler arası karşılaştırmalarla analiz edilmiştir. Makalede elde edilen bulgular, farklı teorik yaklaşımlardan bağımsız olarak, eksiksiz bir içsel dönüşümün uygun iç koşullar ve güçlü koşulluluk sağlanması halinde gerçekleşebileceğini öne çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, Koşulluluk İlkesi, Demokratikleşme, Dış Teşvikler, Sosyal Öğrenme, Sivil-Asker İlişkileri

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