COVID-19 Salgınını Küresel Sosyal Adalet Perspektifinden Düşünmek

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 33 - 54, 30.06.2022

Ahmet Özgültekin

https://doi.org/10.37093/ijsi.1065882

Cited By: 2

Öz

COVID-19 küresel salgını, dünyanın farklı yerlerinden olan insanların krizlerden çeşitli biçimlerde etkilendiğine yönelik önemli bir kesit oluşturmaktadır. Salgının küresel eşitsizlikleri gün yüzüne çıkarıcı, derinleştirici ve yenilerini yaratan yönü dikkat çekmektedir. Belirli risklerle yüz yüze gelme ve başa çıkabilecek imkanlara sahip olma bakımından bazı kişilerin o risklere daha açık olduğu görünmektedir. Salgın döneminde küresel istihdam kayıplarının geçici ve yarı zamanlı çalışanlara etkisi, sağlık ve iş güvencesine sahip olma konuları birincil olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmak zorunda kalınan sektörler, eğitim düzeyi ve kazancı daha yüksek olan kişilerin iş faaliyetlerini evlerinden yapabilmeleri, evlerinde çocuklarını eğitecek yerlerinin olması, uzaktan eğitim imkanlarına sahip olma başlıkları bunları izleyen eşitsizliklerden yalnızca bazılarıdır. Salgın dönemi tedbirlerinden karantina altında kalma, ev içi ve dışı olmak üzere mekânsal eşitsizlikler yine küresel eşitsizliklerin bir parçasıdır. Küresel ekonomik faaliyetler sonucu ortaya çıkan bölüşüm adaletsizliklerinin, çeşitli eşitsizlikleri nasıl ve ne biçimde yeniden ürettiği salgın döneminde daha fazla dikkat çekmekte, adaletin uluslararası boyutu sorgulanmaktadır. Adaletin küresel yükümlülüklerine vurgu yapan kozmopolitan eşitlikçiler, zenginlik ve kaynakların bölüşümünde John Rawls’ın iki adalet ilkesinin uluslararası boyutta uygulanabileceği iddiasındadırlar. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmamızda COVID-19 salgınının küresel eşitsizlikler üzerindeki etkilerini, salgın dönemi yardım uygulamalarını kozmopolitan eşitlikçilik bağlamında ele almaya çalışacağız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Yoksulluk, Küresel Adalet, Eşitsizlik, Kozmopolitan Eşitlikçilik

Thinking of the COVID-19 Pandemic From a Global Social Justice Perspective

Öz

The COVID-19 global epidemic constitutes an important cross-section that people from different parts of the world are affected by the crises in various ways. In the face of a certain risk, it seems that some people are more open to those risks in terms of confronting them and having opportunities to cope. The aspect of the epidemic that brings global inequalities to light, deepens and creates new ones draws attention. During the epidemic, the effects of global employment losses on temporary and part-time workers, health and employment insurance are the primary issues. Sectors where people have to work, people with higher education and income levels, being able to carry out their business activities from their homes, having a place to educate their children at home, and having distance education opportunities are just some of the following inequalities. Spatial inequalities, including quarantine, indoor and outdoor inequalities, are also a part of global inequalities. How and in what way the distributional injustices resulting from global economic activities reproduce various inequalities draw more attention during the epidemic period, and the international dimension of justice is questioned. Emphasizing the global obligations of justice, cosmopolitan egalitarians claim that John Rawls' two principles of justice can be applied internationally in the distribution of wealth and resources. From this point of view, in our study, we will try to deal with the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on global inequalities and the aid practices during the epidemic in the context of cosmopolitan egalitarianism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Poverty, Global Justice, Inequality, Cosmopolitan Egalitarianism

Kaynakça

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