Determination of healthcare managers’ perceptions on non-governmental organizations
Abstract
Backround: Non-governmental organizations (NGO) are
social organizations that guide the presentation of social services and play an
effective role on legislative, implementation and controlling processes. There
are NGOs related to health services such as professional rights and
sustainability, quality of service delivery, follow-up and feasibility of
technological developments. There are different practices in the scope of the
effects of NGOs to the social structure among countries. Additionally, there
are differences between developed and developing countries. These differences may
be from the value that governments give to NGOs and their place in society There are a number
of NGOs developed for different purposes in Turkey as well. However, NGOs are
carrying out activities, which are beneficial for society; it is possible to
say that there are aspects that need improvement in Turkey. Many NGOs have
aimed to provide services for the benefit of society. It is very important that
NGOs evaluate the effectiveness of the services that they are offering. The
evaluation of these activities can also provide realistic results by obtaining
the views of healthcare managers. Because healthcare managers can be directly
affect to the decisions taken by the administrations in planning,
implementation and supervision stages. The main aim of this study is evaluation
of the effectiveness of NGOs in planning, implementation and controlling
processes.
Methods: The present study aimed to assess the perceptions
of healthcare managers on adequacy of NGOs. The universe of the study is
composed of the health managers working in İzmir province. 105 health managers
were involved in the study. Questionnaire was developed to collect data
and conducted on the internet. Data was obtained by administrating a structured-questionnaire
consisting two parts. The main part of
the survey was developed to assess the perceptions of healthcare managers on adequacy
of NGOs. The items were rated on a five-point scale (5= strongly agree; 4=agree;
3=neither; 2=disagree; 1=strongly disagree). The last part inquired demographic
questions. After
scanning process, questionnaires which are eligible to be included in the
analysis, were computerized. Statistical program was used for data analysis.
Exploratory factor analysis was applied in the study to measure construct
validity. The reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of the data which were intended
for overall effectiveness of NGOs data set, and each effectiveness of NGOs
subscale items were tested. Correlation
analysis was conducted in order to determine the direction and strength of the
relationships among the effectiveness of NGOs. Finally, stepwise regression
analysis was conducted to determine the effects of independent variables on the
dependent variable. Statistically, p value which was equal or less than 0,05
was accepted to be significant.
Results: The obtained data were analyzed with the
statistical analysis program and the findings were interpreted. As a result,
explanatory factor analysis and internal reliability analyses were conducted to
the scale. For the effectiveness of NGOs data set, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin
illustration value realized as 0.93, 19 variables are formed under two factors
and explained 83,33% of the variance. These factors are named as basic
functions; and secondary functions. The reliability tests were conducted on
data for internal consistency. The general Cronbach’s alpha is found 0.98 for
effectiveness of NGOs data sets, over the recommended value of 0.70 for
reliability analysis. In the study there is no significant difference was found
between the answers given by the health managers according to the gender, job
and type of NGOs. In order to analyze the relationship among dimensions of
effectiveness of NGOs, correlation coefficient values were calculated. There
was a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of effectiveness
of NGOs. Regression analysis is applied to determine the importance of
independent variables on dependent variables. It is found out that R square
value in regression analyses is in the sufficient level for the researches made
in social sciences. The regression analysis aims to determine the relative
importance of effectiveness of NGOs dimensions on adequacy of NGOs. Using the
stepwise method, it was found that the overall model explains 0.32 of the
variation in effectiveness of NGOs
(p<0.001 R2 = 0.32). The Beta coefficients are calculated
and according to the regression analysis performed, it has determined that only
basic functions has a significant effect on adequacy of NGOs.
Conclusions: NGOs, one of the main indicators of
democratic societies, need to work adequately and effectively. According to
results, to ensure NGOs’ activities sufficiently should focus on basic function
of NGOs rather than secondary functions. First of all employees wanted to
ensure physiological and safety needs. Improvements to be made in the effectiveness
of basic functions will also enhance the adequacy of NGO activities. This study
takes a micro stand by focusing on the views of healthcare managers on the
effectiveness of NGOs. It is limited by the region and it can be carried out in
country wide.
Keywords
Sağlık yöneticilerinin sivil toplum kuruluşlarına yönelik algılarının belirlenmesi
Öz
Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları (STK), toplumsal hizmetlerin sunumuna yön veren,
kanun koyma, uygulama ve denetleme süreçlerinde etkili rol oynayabilen
toplumsal örgütlenmelerdir. STK’ların planlama, uygulama ve denetleme
süreçlerindeki etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesi bu çalışmanın temel amacını
oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın evrenini İzmir ilinde görev yapan sağlık
yöneticileri oluşturmaktadır. Toplam 105 sağlık yöneticisi çalışmaya dahil
olmuştur. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak alan araştırması ve anket tekniği uygulanmıştır.
Çalışma kapsamında sağlık yöneticilerinin cinsiyet, görev ve üyesi oldukları
STK türüne göre verdikleri yanıtlar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit
edilmemiştir. STK faaliyetlerinin etkililiği boyutları arasında pozitif yönde
yüksek düzeyde anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen regresyon
analizine göre STK faaliyetlerinin yeterliliğini, STK faaliyetlerinin etkinliği
boyutlarından sadece temel işlevlerin etkililiği boyutunun etkilediği tespit
edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, STK’lar demokratik toplumların temel göstergelerinden
biri olan STK’ların yeterli ve etkili bir şekilde çalışmaları gerekmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
