Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 123 - 134, 31.12.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Baktir, Hasan. (2012). Speech Act Theory; Austin and Searle: Derrida’s Response and Deleuze’s Theory of Order- Word. Language, Literature and Cultural Studies. V. 202-211.
  • Brown, P. & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage, Cambridge University Press.
  • Cai, Ying (2012), ‘A Study on Compliment Response Strategies by Chinese College Students’, Journal of Language Teaching and Research 3(3): 543–49.
  • Chen, R. (1993). Responding to Compliments: A Contrastive Study of Politeness Strategies Between American English and Chinese Speakers. Journal of Pragmatics 20(1): 49–75.
  • Cheng, D. (2011). New insights on compliment responses: A comparison between native English speakers and Chinese L2 speakers. Journal of Pragmatics, 43(8), 2204-2214.
  • Dörtkulak, F. (2017). Compliments and compliment responses in Turkish and American English: a contrastive pragmatics study of a facebook corpus (Unpublished PhD thesis). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İngiliz Dili Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • France, P. (1992). Politeness and Its Discontents: Problems in French Classical Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gajaseni, C. (1995). A constructive study on compliment responses in American English and Thai including the effect of gender and social status. (Unpublished PhD Dissertation) Department of Linguistics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, the USA.
  • Golato, A. (2002). German compliment responses. Journal of Pragmatics, 34(5), 547- 571.
  • Herbert, R. K. (1986). Say “thank you” or something. American Speech, 61, 76-88.
  • Herbert- R. K. (1990). Sex-biased differences in compliment behavior. Language in Society, 19, 201- 224.
  • Herbert- R. K. (1991) The sociology of compliment work: an ethnographical study of Polish and English compliments. Multilingua, 10(4), 381-402.
  • Holmes, J. (1988). Compliments and compliment responses in New Zealand English. Anthropological Linguistics, 28. 485- 508.
  • Holmes, J. (1993). New Zealand women are good to talk to: an analysis of politeness strategies in interaction. Journal of Pragmatics, 20 (2), 91–116.
  • Ishihara, N. (2010). Compliments and responses to compliments. Speech Act Performance: Theoretical, empirical and methodological issues Edited by Alicia Martínez-Flor and Esther Usó-Juan. pp. 179–198 Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Karagöz-Dilek, T. (2020). Pragmatic transfer in Turkish EFL learner’s compliments and responses from L1 Turkish to L2 English. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16 (3), 1264-1281.
  • Levinson, S. (1980). Speech Act Theory: The State of the Art. Language Teaching, 13(1-2), 5-24.
  • Manes, J. (1983). Compliments: A mirror of cultural values. In Sociolinguistics and Language Acquisition, N. Wolfson & E. Judd (eds.), 82–95. Rowley MA: Newbury House.
  • Pomerantz, A. (1978). Compliment responses: notes on the cooperation of multiple constraints. In Jim, Schenkein (Ed.) Studies in the Organization of Conversational Interaction. Academic Press: New York. pp. 79-112.
  • Razi, N. (2013). A contrastive study of compliment responses among Australian English and Iranian Persian speakers. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 61-66.
  • Ruhi, Ş. (2006). Politeness in compliment responses: a perspective from naturally occurring exchanges in Turkish. Pragmatics, 16(6), 43- 101.
  • Ruhi, Ş. (2007). Higher-order intentions and self-politeness in evaluations of (im)politeness: the relevance of compliment responses. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 27(2), 107- 145.
  • Searle, J. (1969). Speech acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sun, Z. (2002). A Study of Gender Differences in Compliments and Compliment Responses in Chinese Context. Unpublished MA dissertation, School of Foreign Studies, Anhui University.
  • Şakirgil, C. (2011). A comparative study of compliments and compliment responses in Turkish and American English regarding form and function (Unpublished Master’s thesis) Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
  • Şakirgil, C., & Çubukçu, H. (2012). Formulas and topics in Turkish and English compliments. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 1126-1135.
  • Tang, C. & Zhang, G. (2009). A contrastive study of compliment responses among Australian English and Mandarin Chinese speakers. Journal of Pragmatics, 41(2). 325- 345.
  • Válková, S. (2013). Speech acts or speech act sets: apologies and compliments. Linguistica Pragensia, 23(2), 44-57.
  • Yu, Ming-Chung, (2003). On the universality of face: evidence from Chinese compliment response behaviour. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(10–11), 1679–1710.
  • Yuvayapan, F. (2016). Compliment Responses in Turkish: An Investigation of L2 transfer. International Journal of Language Academy, 4(2). 217- 232.

Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 123 - 134, 31.12.2020

Öz

This study aims at investigating the compliment responses (CRs) of Turkish native speakers within the framework proposed by Holmes (1988, 1993). At this point, the main focus is directed through naturally occurring conversations and the random responses employed by Turkish speakers. The data of the present study is collected through 20 participants’ short interviews which contain certain situational settings such as appearance, possession and character to the two target groups, namely having equal and higher status in regard to the complimenter. Results from the current study discussed in two ways: whether being in the higher or equal status mark any different responses while employing different category or not. Additionally, it is questioned that whether gender differences have or have not a role in the number of selection of CR categories based on Holmes’ study. The findings of this study demonstrate that the participants in this study employed Accept strategies more, on the other hand they used fewer Reject strategies. Moreover, participants that have high status than the complimenter used more CR categories. Another finding is that there is also gender differences in the responses. Female participants used fewer compliment responses than male participants did. Although limited number of participants took part in this study, the findings of this study would add a new insight to the CR studies.

Kaynakça

  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Baktir, Hasan. (2012). Speech Act Theory; Austin and Searle: Derrida’s Response and Deleuze’s Theory of Order- Word. Language, Literature and Cultural Studies. V. 202-211.
  • Brown, P. & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage, Cambridge University Press.
  • Cai, Ying (2012), ‘A Study on Compliment Response Strategies by Chinese College Students’, Journal of Language Teaching and Research 3(3): 543–49.
  • Chen, R. (1993). Responding to Compliments: A Contrastive Study of Politeness Strategies Between American English and Chinese Speakers. Journal of Pragmatics 20(1): 49–75.
  • Cheng, D. (2011). New insights on compliment responses: A comparison between native English speakers and Chinese L2 speakers. Journal of Pragmatics, 43(8), 2204-2214.
  • Dörtkulak, F. (2017). Compliments and compliment responses in Turkish and American English: a contrastive pragmatics study of a facebook corpus (Unpublished PhD thesis). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İngiliz Dili Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • France, P. (1992). Politeness and Its Discontents: Problems in French Classical Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gajaseni, C. (1995). A constructive study on compliment responses in American English and Thai including the effect of gender and social status. (Unpublished PhD Dissertation) Department of Linguistics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, the USA.
  • Golato, A. (2002). German compliment responses. Journal of Pragmatics, 34(5), 547- 571.
  • Herbert, R. K. (1986). Say “thank you” or something. American Speech, 61, 76-88.
  • Herbert- R. K. (1990). Sex-biased differences in compliment behavior. Language in Society, 19, 201- 224.
  • Herbert- R. K. (1991) The sociology of compliment work: an ethnographical study of Polish and English compliments. Multilingua, 10(4), 381-402.
  • Holmes, J. (1988). Compliments and compliment responses in New Zealand English. Anthropological Linguistics, 28. 485- 508.
  • Holmes, J. (1993). New Zealand women are good to talk to: an analysis of politeness strategies in interaction. Journal of Pragmatics, 20 (2), 91–116.
  • Ishihara, N. (2010). Compliments and responses to compliments. Speech Act Performance: Theoretical, empirical and methodological issues Edited by Alicia Martínez-Flor and Esther Usó-Juan. pp. 179–198 Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Karagöz-Dilek, T. (2020). Pragmatic transfer in Turkish EFL learner’s compliments and responses from L1 Turkish to L2 English. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16 (3), 1264-1281.
  • Levinson, S. (1980). Speech Act Theory: The State of the Art. Language Teaching, 13(1-2), 5-24.
  • Manes, J. (1983). Compliments: A mirror of cultural values. In Sociolinguistics and Language Acquisition, N. Wolfson & E. Judd (eds.), 82–95. Rowley MA: Newbury House.
  • Pomerantz, A. (1978). Compliment responses: notes on the cooperation of multiple constraints. In Jim, Schenkein (Ed.) Studies in the Organization of Conversational Interaction. Academic Press: New York. pp. 79-112.
  • Razi, N. (2013). A contrastive study of compliment responses among Australian English and Iranian Persian speakers. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 61-66.
  • Ruhi, Ş. (2006). Politeness in compliment responses: a perspective from naturally occurring exchanges in Turkish. Pragmatics, 16(6), 43- 101.
  • Ruhi, Ş. (2007). Higher-order intentions and self-politeness in evaluations of (im)politeness: the relevance of compliment responses. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 27(2), 107- 145.
  • Searle, J. (1969). Speech acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sun, Z. (2002). A Study of Gender Differences in Compliments and Compliment Responses in Chinese Context. Unpublished MA dissertation, School of Foreign Studies, Anhui University.
  • Şakirgil, C. (2011). A comparative study of compliments and compliment responses in Turkish and American English regarding form and function (Unpublished Master’s thesis) Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
  • Şakirgil, C., & Çubukçu, H. (2012). Formulas and topics in Turkish and English compliments. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 1126-1135.
  • Tang, C. & Zhang, G. (2009). A contrastive study of compliment responses among Australian English and Mandarin Chinese speakers. Journal of Pragmatics, 41(2). 325- 345.
  • Válková, S. (2013). Speech acts or speech act sets: apologies and compliments. Linguistica Pragensia, 23(2), 44-57.
  • Yu, Ming-Chung, (2003). On the universality of face: evidence from Chinese compliment response behaviour. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(10–11), 1679–1710.
  • Yuvayapan, F. (2016). Compliment Responses in Turkish: An Investigation of L2 transfer. International Journal of Language Academy, 4(2). 217- 232.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nurbanu Korkmaz 0000-0002-7254-781X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Kabul Tarihi 24 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Korkmaz, N. (2020). Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference. International Journal of Social Science Research, 9(2), 123-134.
AMA Korkmaz N. Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference. IJSSR. Aralık 2020;9(2):123-134.
Chicago Korkmaz, Nurbanu. “Compliment Responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference”. International Journal of Social Science Research 9, sy. 2 (Aralık 2020): 123-34.
EndNote Korkmaz N (01 Aralık 2020) Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference. International Journal of Social Science Research 9 2 123–134.
IEEE N. Korkmaz, “Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference”, IJSSR, c. 9, sy. 2, ss. 123–134, 2020.
ISNAD Korkmaz, Nurbanu. “Compliment Responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference”. International Journal of Social Science Research 9/2 (Aralık 2020), 123-134.
JAMA Korkmaz N. Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference. IJSSR. 2020;9:123–134.
MLA Korkmaz, Nurbanu. “Compliment Responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference”. International Journal of Social Science Research, c. 9, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 123-34.
Vancouver Korkmaz N. Compliment responses in Turkish: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Academic Status and Gender Difference. IJSSR. 2020;9(2):123-34.