The Effect of Social Support on Maternal Stress and Anxiety in Risky Pregnancy

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between social support on maternal stress and anxiety in risky pregnancies. Material and Method: This descriptive study was conducted with 432 pregnant women who met the acceptance criteria in the perinatology clinic of a university hospital in Turkiye from October 2019 to January 2020. The data were collected by the Individual Identification Form, the Ministry of Health Risk Assessment Form, the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Results: The mean MSPSS score of the pregnant women was 58.51±17.06; the mean PSS score was found to be 14.04±5.97 and the mean PASS score was found to be 36.10±18.04. It was determined that 41.2% of the pregnant women had moderate anxiety, 36.1% had severe anxiety and 22.7% had minimal anxiety. It was found a statistically significant weak negative correlation between the MSPSS mean scores of risky pregnants and PSS (r= -0.217; p=0.000) and PASS (r= -0.143; p= 0.003), and a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between the PSS mean scores and PASS mean scores (r= 0.570; p=0.000). Conclusion: Health professionals need to question whether pregnant women with risky pregnancies have the social support they need and should activate the social support systems of the pregnant women.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety
• maternal stress
• risky pregnancy
• social support

Riskli Gebeliklerde Sosyal Desteğin Maternal Stres ve Anksiyete Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, riskli gebeliklerde sosyal destek ile maternal stres ve anksiyete arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Türkiye’de bir üniversite hastanesinin perinatoloji kliniğine Ekim 2019-Ocak 2020 arasında başvuran ve dâhil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 432 gebe ile yürütülen bu araştırma tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Veriler, Birey Tanıtım Formu, Sağlık Bakanlığı Risk Değerlendirme Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ), Perinatal Anksiyete Tarama Ölçeği (PATÖ) ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve korelasyon analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Gebelerin ÇBASDÖ puan ortalaması 58,51±17,06; ASÖ puan ortalaması 14,04±5,97 ve PATÖ puan ortalaması 36,10±18,04 olarak bulunmuş; %41,2’sinin orta, %36,1’inin şiddetli ve %22,7’sinin minimal düzeyde anksiyete yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Riskli gebelerin ÇBASDÖ puan ortalamaları ile ASÖ (r= -0.217; p=0.000) ve PATÖ (r= -0.143; p= 0.003) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı zayıf negatif korelasyon, ASÖ puan ortalamaları ile PATÖ puan ortalamaları arasında (r= 0.570; p=0.000) ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı orta düzeyde pozitif korelasyon olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Sağlık profesyonellerinin riskli gebeliği olan gebelerin ihtiyaç duydukları sosyal desteğe sahip olup olmadıklarını sorgulamaları ve gebenin sosyal destek sistemlerini harekete geçirmeleri gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• Maternal stres
• riskli gebelik
• sosyal destek

Kaynakça

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