Bariyatrik Cerrahi Sonrası Hemşirelik Bakımı

Öz

Morbid obezite; beden kitle indeksinin (BKI) 40'ın üzerinde veya BKI 35 olup obeziteye eşlik eden hastalık bulunması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Obezite ameliyatları üç gruba ayrılmaktadır. Bunlar kısıtlayıcı ameliyatlar, malabsorbsiyon (emilimi bozan) ameliyatları ve hem kısıtlayıcı hem de malabsorbsiyon ameliyatlarıdır. Obezite cerrahisinde dikey bant gastroplasti (VGB), ayarlanabilir mide bandı (AGB) ameliyatları gibi kısıtlayıcı ameliyatlar, Biliopankreatik Diversiyon (BPD)/duodenal switch (DS) ameliyatları gibi malabsorbsiyon ameliyatları ve Roux-en-Y gastrik bypass (RYGB) ameliyatları gibi hem kısıtlayıcı hem de malabsorbsiyon ameliyatları yaygın olarak yapılmaktadır. Bariyatrik cerrahi ameliyatları sonrası bakım, bir cerrah, bir endokrinolog, bir psikiyatrist, bir diyetisyen ve bir bariyatrik cerrahi tedavisinde uzmanlaşmış bir hemşireden oluşan multidisipliner bir ekibi içermelidir. Obezite cerrahisi sonrası hemşirelik bakımı, ameliyat sonrası erken bakım (1-3 gün) ve ameliyat sonrası geç bakım olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bariyatrik cerrahi hastalarının uzman hemşirelik bakımında yakından gözlem, dikkatli ve tam değerlendirme önemlidir. Bariyatrik cerrahide hastalara oksijen ve hemodinamik monitarizasyon, ağrı yönetimi, mobilizasyon, yara bakımı, derin ven trombozu profilaksisi, erken ve sık ambulasyon, dren bakımı, sıvı dengesi beslenme, eğitim ve emosyonel destek gibi rutin ameliyat sonrası hemşirelik bakımı yapılır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obezite
• bariyatrik cerrahi
• hemşirelik bakımı

Post Bariatric Surgery Nursing Care

Öz

Morbid obesity is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) above 40 or having a BMI of 35 and comorbidities along with obesity. Bariatric surgeries can be grouped into three. These are restrictive surgeries, malabsorption (impairing absorption) surgeries, and both restrictive and malabsorption surgeries. In bariatric surgery, restrictive surgeries such as vertical band gastroplasty (VGB), adjustable gastric banding (AGB) surgeries, malabsorption surgeries such as biliopancreatic diversion (BPD)/duodenal switch (DS) surgeries, and both restrictive and malabsorption surgeries such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgeries, are commonly performed. Post-bariatric surgery care should include a multidisciplinary team consisting of a surgeon, an endocrinologist, a psychiatrist, a dietitian, and a nurse specializing in bariatric surgery. Nursing care after obesity surgery is evaluated as early postoperative care (1-3 days) and late postoperative care. Close observation, careful and complete evaluation are important in the specialist nursing care of bariatric surgery patients. In bariatric surgery, patients are provided with routine post-operative nursing care such as oxygen and hemodynamic monitoring, pain management, mobilization, wound care, deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, early and frequent ambulation, drain care, fluid balance nutrition, training, and emotional support.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obesity
• bariatric surgery
• nursing care

Kaynakça

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