Romatolojik Hastalıklarda Pilates Egzersizlerinin Etkileri

Öz

Romatolojik hastalıklar; romatoid artrit, ankilozan spondilit, fibromiyalji sendromu, juvenil idiyopatik artrit ve sistemik lupus eritematozus gibi kronik, inflamatuvar ve otoimmün özellikler gösteren rahatsızlıkları içeren geniş bir hastalık grubudur. Bu hastalıklar sıklıkla ağrı, eklem tutukluğu, kas güçsüzlüğü, fiziksel uygunlukta azalma, psikososyal sorunlar ve yaşam kalitesinde düşüş ile ilişkilidir. Geleneksel olarak farmakolojik tedavi yöntemleri hastalık yönetiminin temelini oluşturmakla birlikte, son yıllarda egzersiz, tedavi planlarında önemli bir tamamlayıcı yaklaşım olarak kabul görmektedir. Düzenli egzersizin; kas gücü ve esnekliği artırma, ağrıyı hafifletme, yorgunluğu azaltma, kardiyovasküler fonksiyonları destekleme ve psikososyal iyilik halini güçlendirme gibi çok yönlü etkileri olduğu gösterilmiştir. Kontrollü ve akıcı hareketler, merkez kas grubunu hedefleyen egzersiz yapısı ve solunum odaklı yaklaşımı sayesinde Pilates, romatizmal hastalıklarda hem fiziksel hem de psikososyal yarar sağlamaktadır. Literatürde yapılan çalışmalar; Pilates’in hastalık aktivitesi, postür, denge, solunum fonksiyonları ve yaşam kalitesi gibi birçok alanda olumlu etkileri olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda, Pilates egzersizleri son yıllarda ön plana çıkmıştır. Dolayısıyla romatolojik hastalıkların yönetiminde, kişisel ihtiyaçlara ve hastalık özelliklerine uygun olarak düzenlenecek Pilates temelli egzersiz programlarının uygulanması önerilmektedir. Bu derleme, güncel literatür ışığında Pilates egzersizlerinin romatizmal hastalıklar üzerindeki etkilerini kapsamlı şekilde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ankilozan spondilit
• fibromyalji
• jüvenil idiopatik artrit
• pilates egzersizleri
• romatoid artrit

Effects of Pilates Exercises in Rheumatological Diseases

Öz

Rheumatic diseases encompass a wide range of chronic, inflammatory, and autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia syndrome, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. These conditions are often associated with pain, joint stiffness, muscle weakness, reduced physical fitness, psychosocial issues, and a decline in quality of life. Traditionally, pharmacological treatments have been the cornerstone of disease management. However, in recent years, exercise has gained recognition as an important complementary approach in therapeutic strategies. Regular exercise has been shown to have multifaceted effects such as increasing muscle strength and flexibility, relieving pain, reducing fatigue, supporting cardiovascular functions and strengthening psychosocial well-being. Thanks to controlled and fluid movements, exercise structure targeting the central muscle group and its respiratory-focused approach, Pilates provides both physical and psychosocial benefits in rheumatic diseases. Studies in the literature have shown that Pilates has positive effects in many areas such as disease activity, posture, balance, respiratory functions and quality of life. In this context, Pilates exercises have come to the fore in recent years. Therefore, in the management of rheumatic diseases, it is recommended to implement Pilates-based exercise programs that will be designed according to individual needs and disease characteristics. This review aims to comprehensively examine the effects of Pilates exercises on rheumatic diseases in the light of current literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ankylosing spondylitis
• fibromyalgia
• juvenile idiopathic arthritis
• pilates exercises
• rheumatoid arhritis

Kaynakça

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