Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and Telerehabilitation

Öz

Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVID-19) Pandemisi ve Telerehabilitasyon

Öz

Özet

Koronavirüs hastalığı (COVID-19) oldukça bulaşıcı bir hastalık olduğu için ülkelerin sağlık sistemlerine ciddi bir yük bindirmiş ve toplumun yaşam biçiminde ciddi değişikliklere neden olmuştur. COVID-19 pandemisi, telerehabilitasyon uygulamalarının önemini daha da ön plana çıkarmıştır. Telerehabilitasyon, rehabilitasyon hizmetlerinin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanılarak uzaktan sunulması olarak tanımlanabilir. COVID-19 pandemisinde bulaş riskinin en aza indirilmesi için sosyal hayatın kısıtlanmasıyla bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri azalmış, hasta bireylerin rehabilitasyon hizmetlerine ulaşması ciddi düzeyde kısıtlanmıştır. Ayrıca, COVID-19’un ciddi bulaş riski nedeniyle rehabilitasyon profesyonelleri bu hastaların tedavisinde risk altına girmiştir. Bu durumlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda pek çok otorite tarafından telerehabilitasyon uygulamalarının yaygınlaştırılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu derlemede, telerehabilitasyonun tanımı yapılmış, güncel kanıtları, avantajları ve dezavantajları sunularak COVID-19 pandemisindeki önemi tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Telerehabilitasyon, Koronavirüs, COVID-19, pandemi, rehabilitasyon.

Abstract

As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is highly contagious, it has put a severe burden on the healthcare systems of countries and has caused critical changes in social life. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of telerehabilitation practices. Telerehabilitation can be defined as the remote delivery of rehabilitation services using information and communication technologies. To minimize the risk of transmission in the COVID-19 pandemic, the restriction on social life has decreased the physical activity levels of individuals, and the access of individuals with disabilities to rehabilitation services has been severely restricted. Besides, the rehabilitation professionals are at risk while treating their patients due to the severe risk of transmission of COVID-19. Considering these circumstances, the need to promote telerehabilitation practices has been highlighted by many authorities. This review has made the definition of telerehabilitation, presented its current evidence, advantages, and disadvantages, and discussed its importance in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Telerehabilitation, Coronavirus, COVID-19, pandemic, rehabilitation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• telerehabilitasyon
• koronavirüs
• COVID-19
• pandemi
• rehabilitasyon

Kaynakça

1. Boldrini, P., Bernetti, A., Fiore, P., & SIMFER, E. C. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on rehabilitation services and Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) physicians’ activities in Italy. An official document of the Italian PRM Society (SIMFER). European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, [Basım aşamasında] doi: 10.23736/S19739087.20.06256-5.
2. Burdorf, A., Porru, F., & Rugulies, R. (2020). The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic: consequences for occupational health. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, (3), 229-230.
3. Cangi, M. E. (2015). Kronik kekemelikte tele-terapinin etkililiğinin kontrollü incelenmesi: karma yöntem araştırması. Doktora tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi. Eskişehir.
4. Ceravolo, M. G., De Sire, A., Andrenelli, E., Negrini, F., & Negrini, S. (2020). Systematic rapid “living” review on rehabilitation needs due to COVID-19: update to march 31st 2020. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, [Basım aşamasında] doi:10.23736/ s1973-9087.20.06329-7
5. Choon-Huat Koh, G., & Hoenig, H. (2020). How Should the Rehabilitation Community Prepare for 2019-nCoV? Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, [Basım aşamasında] doi:10.1016/j. apmr.2020.03.003
6. Cottrell, M. A., Galea, O. A., O’Leary, S. P., Hill, A. J., & Russell, T. G. (2017). Real-time telerehabilitation for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions is effective and comparable to standard practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Rehabilitation, 31(5), 625-638.
7. Çırak, Y. (2020a). Telerehabilitation for Patients Diagnosed With Coronavirus (COVID-19). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT04346927. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
8. Çırak, Y. (2020b). Telerehabilitation-based Yoga and Mindfulness Home Program in Postmenopausal Women Having Social Isolation. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04346979. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020

9. Çubukçu, B., Yüzgeç, U., Zileli, R., & Zileli, A. (2020). Reliability and validity analyzes of Kinect V2 based measurement system for shoulder motions. Medical engineering & physics, 76, 20–31.
10. Dean, S. G., Smith, J. A., Payne, S., & Weinman, J. (2005). Managing time: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of patients’ and physiotherapists’ perceptions of adherence to therapeutic exercise for low back pain. Disability & Rehabilitation, 27(11), 625-636.
11. Delaplain, C. B., Lindborg, C., Norton, S., & Hastings, J. (1993). Tripler pioneers telemedicine across the Pacific. Hawai’i Medical Journali, 52(12), 338-339.
12. Dinvar, Y., Çubukcu, B., & Yüzgeç, U. (2017). MS kinect based tracking application for knee anterior cruciate ligament physical therapy. In 2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK) (pp. 894-898). IEEE.
13. Doarn, C. R., Latifi, R., Poropatich, R. K., Sokolovich, N., Kosiak, D., Hostiuc, F., vd. 2018). Development and Validation of Telemedicine for Disaster Response: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization Multinational System. Telemedicine Journal and e-Health, 24(9), 657-668.
14. Doğru Hüzmeli, E., Duman, T., & Yıldırım, H. (2017). Efficacy of telerehabilitation in patients with stroke in Turkey: A pilot study. Turkish Journal of Neurology, 23, 21-25.
15. Duruturk, N., & Ozkoslu, M. A. (2019). Effect of tele-rehabilitation on glucose control, exercise capacity, physical fitness, muscle strength and psychosocial status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A double blind randomized controlled trial. Primary Care Diabetes, 13(6), 542548.
16. Galea, M. D. (2019). Telemedicine in rehabilitation. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, 30(2), 473-483.
17. Grona, S. L., Bath, B., Busch, A., Rotter, T., Trask, C., & Harrison, E. (2018). Use of videoconferencing for physical therapy in people with musculoskeletal conditions: A systematic review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 24(5), 341-355.
18. Hailey, D., Roine, R., Ohinmaa, A., & Dennett, L. (2011). Evidence of benefit from telerehabilitation in routine care: a systematic review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, (6), 281-287.
19. Haines, K. J., & Berney, S. (2020). Physiotherapists during COVID-19: usual business, in unusual times. Journal of Physiotherapy, 66(2):67-69. Holden, M. K. (2005). Virtual environments for motor rehabilitation: review. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(3), 187-211; discussion 212189.
20. Hwang, R., Bruning, J., Morris, N., Mandrusiak, A., & Russell, T. (2015). A systematic review of the effects of telerehabilitation in patients with cardiopulmonary diseases. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, 35(6), 380-389.
21. Işık, A. H., Güler, I., & Sener, M. U. (2013). A low-cost mobile adaptive tracking system for chronic pulmonary patients in home environment. Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association, 19(1), 24–30.
22. İnal İnce, İ., Vardar Yağlı, N., Sağlam, M., & Çalık Kütükcü, E (2020). Yeni tip koronavirüs (SARS-Cov-2) kaynaklı COVID-19 enfeksiyonunda akut dönem ve postakut dönemde fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon. Türk Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 31(1), 81-93.
23. Jiang, S., Xiang, J., Gao, X., Guo, K., & Liu, B. (2018). The comparison of telerehabilitation and face-to-face rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 24(4), 257-262.
24. Kahraman, T. (2017). Telerehabilitasyon tabanlı motor imgeleme eğitiminin multipl sklerozlu bireylerin yürüme ve denge performansları üzerine etkisi: Randomize kontrollü çalışma. Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi. İzmir.
25. Kahraman, T., Savci, S., Ozdogar, A. T., Gedik, Z., & Idiman, E. (2019). Physical, cognitive and psychosocial effects of telerehabilitationbased motor imagery training in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, [Basım aşamasında] doi: 10.1177/1357633X18822355.
26. Kapreli, E., Paraskevi, B., Argyrou, S., & Tsatsakos, G. (2020). Quarantine and Telerehabilitation in Chronic Pain Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04381000. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
27. Kavuncubaşı, Y. (2019). Koroner arter by pass greft cerrahisi geçiren tip 2 diyabetli olgularda telerehabilitasyonun etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
28. Khan, F., Amatya, B., Kesselring, J., & Galea, M. (2015). Telerehabilitation for persons with multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4):CD010508.
29. Kılıççeken, S., Çubukçu, B., & Yüzgeç, U. (2019). Real-time 2D Human Skeleton Monitoring System. In 2019 3rd International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
30. Koce, K. (2020). Telerehabilitation in Individuals Over 65 Years of Age Having Social Isolation Due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). https:// clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04334434. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
31. Kortianou, E., & Kapreli, E. (2020). Telerehabilitation in Patients With COVID-19 After Hospitalization. The ATHLOS Study (ATHLOS). https:// clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368845. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
32. Laver, K. E., Adey‐Wakeling, Z., Crotty, M., Lannin, N. A., George, S., & Sherrington, C. (2020). Telerehabilitation services for stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1:CD010255.
33. Lee, A. (2020). COVID-19 and the Advancement of Digital Physical Therapist Practice and Telehealth. Physical Therapy, [Basım aşamasında] doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa079.
34. McCloskey, B., Zumla, A., Ippolito, G., Blumberg, L., Arbon, P., Cicero, A., vd. (2020). Mass gathering events and reducing further global spread of COVID-19: a political and public health dilemma. The Lancet, 395(10230), 1096-1099.
35. Mukaino, M., Tatemoto, T., Kumazawa, N., Tanabe, S., Kato, M., Saitoh, E., & Otaka, Y. (2020). Staying active in isolation: Telerehabilitation for individuals with the SARS-CoV-2 infection. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, [Basım aşamasında] doi: 10.1097/ PHM.0000000000001441.
36. Negrini, S., Kiekens, C., Bernetti, A., Capecci, M., Ceravolo, M. G., Lavezzi, S., vd. (2020). Telemedicine from research to practice during the pandemic.”Instant paper from the field” on rehabilitation answers to the COVID-19 emergency. European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, [Basım aşamasında] doi: 10.23736/S19739087.20.06331-5.
37. Pastora-Bernal, J. M., Martin-Valero, R., Baron-Lopez, F. J., & EstebanezPerez, M. J. (2017). Evidence of Benefit of Telerehabitation After Orthopedic Surgery: A Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(4), e142.
38. Pekçetin, S., Özdinç, S., Ata, H., Can, H. B., & Elter, K. (2019). Effect of telephone-supported ergonomic education on pregnancy-related low back pain. Women & Health, 59(3), 294–304.
39. Peretti, A., Amenta, F., Tayebati, S. K., Nittari, G., & Mahdi, S. S. (2017). Telerehabilitation: review of the state-of-the-art and areas of application. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies, 4(2), e7.
40. Remuzzi, A., & Remuzzi, G. (2020). COVID-19 and Italy: what next? The Lancet. 395(10231):1225-1228.
41. Richmond, T., Peterson, C., Cason, J., Billings, M., Terrell, E. A., Lee, A. C. W., vd. (2017). American Telemedicine Association’s Principles for Delivering Telerehabilitation Services. International Journal of Telerehabilitation, 9(2), 63-68.
42. Rogante, M., Grigioni, M., Cordella, D., & Giacomozzi, C. (2010). Ten years of telerehabilitation: A literature overview of technologies and clinical applications. NeuroRehabilitation, 27(4), 287-304.
43. Russell, T. G. (2007). Physical rehabilitation using telemedicine. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 13(5), 217-220.
44. Russell, T. G. (2009). Telerehabilitation: a coming of age. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 55(1), 5-6.
45. Samuel, G. S. (2018). Using Telerehabilitation Tools to Deliver Quality Therapy to Patients Under Infective Isolation Precautions (IsoRehab2018). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03631524. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
46. Smith, A. C., Thomas, E., Snoswell, C. L., Haydon, H., Mehrotra, A., Clemensen, J., & Caffery, L. J. (2020). Telehealth for global emergencies: Implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, [Basım aşamasında] doi:10.1177/1357633x20916567
47. Standing, C., Standing, S., McDermott, M. L., Gururajan, R., & Kiani Mavi, R. (2018). The paradoxes of telehealth: a review of the literature 2000– 2015. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 35(1), 90-101.
48. T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (2020). Haberler - Genelgeler. https://www.icisleri. gov.tr/haberler-yeni. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
49. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2020). Toplumda Salgın Yönetimi. https:// covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/toplumda-salgin-yonetimi.html. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
50. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı (2020). Türkiye Günlük Koronavirüs Tablosu. https:// covid19.saglik.gov.tr/. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
51. Thomas, P., Baldwin, C., Bissett, B., Boden, I., Gosselink, R., Granger, C. L., vd. (2020). Physiotherapy management for COVID-19 in the acute hospital setting: clinical practice recommendations. Journal of Physiotherapy, 66(2), 73-82.
52. Turolla, A., Rossettini, G., Viceconti, A., Palese, A., & Geri, T. (2020). Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Telerehabilitation the Answer? Physical Therapy, [Basım aşamasında] doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa093.
53. Ulaş, V. (2019). Omuz Egzersizlerinin RGB-D Verisi Kullanılarak Gerçek Zamanlı Kestirimi İçin Sanal Egzersiz Sistemi. Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
54. Ullberg, T., Zia, E., Petersson, J., & Norrving, B. (2016). Perceived unmet rehabilitation needs 1 year after stroke: an observational study from the Swedish stroke register. Stroke, 47(2), 539-541.
55. Winters, J. M. (2002). Telerehabilitation research: emerging opportunities. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 4(1), 287-320.
56. World Health Organization (2020a). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Report – 1 (21.01.2020). https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-12019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
57. World Health Organization (2020b). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 51 (11.03.2020). https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10. Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020
58. Yurtman, A., & Barshan, B. (2013). Detection and evaluation of physical therapy exercises by dynamic time warping using wearable motion sensor units. In Information Sciences and Systems 2013 (pp. 305314). Springer, Cham.
59. Zhao, J., Zhang, Z., Guo, H., Li, Y., Xue, W., Ren, L.i et al. (2010). E-health in China: challenges, initial directions, and experience. Telemedicine and e-Health, 16(3), 344-349.